FB-12963 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12963 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Tetraodontiformes Tetraodontidae Torquigener Torquigener tuberculiferus (Ogilby, 1912) Japansk ørnerokke Eagle ray Japanese eagle ray Kite ray Jaapani kotkasrai Tobi-ei Mae-ga-o-ri 매가오리 Vliegervormige adelaarsrog Yuān fēn 燕魟 飞鲂仔 鳶鱝 鸢鲼 鹰鲂 Holorhinus tobijei (Bleeker, 1854) Mobula tobijei (Bleeker, 1854) Myliobatis cornuta Günther, 1870 Myliobatis cornutus Günther, 1870 Myliobatis tobije Bleeker, 1854 1995-04-12 2015-06-10 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino0 The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559) Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen0 Meeresfische der Welt - Groß-Indopazifische Region. Tetra Verlag, Herrenteich, Melle. 528 p. (Ref. 9137) Compagno, L.J.V.0 Myliobatidae. Eagle rays. p. 1511-1519. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 3. Batoid fishes, chimaeras and bony fishes. Part 1 (Elopidae to Linophrynidae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9862) Nakaya, K.0 Myliobatididae. p. 16. In H. Masuda, K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino (eds.) Fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Tokai Univ. Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p, 370 pls. (Ref. 11097) Yamada, U., S. Shirai, T. Irie, M. Tokimura, S. Deng, Y. Zheng, C. Li, Y.U. Kim and Y.S. Kim0 Names and illustrations of fishes from the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea. Overseas Fishery Cooperation Foundation, Tokyo, Japan. 288 p. (Ref. 11230) Asahida, T., H. Ida, H. Terashima and H.-Y. Chang0 The karyotype and cellular DNA content of a ray, <i>Mobula japonica</i>. Jap. J. Ichthyol. 40(3):317-322. (Ref. 12327) Asahida, T., H. Ida and S. Inoue0 Karyotypes of three rays in the Order Myliobatiformes. Jap. J. Ichthyol. 33(4):426-430. (Ref. 12600) Michael, S.W.0 Reef sharks and rays of the world. A guide to their identification, behavior, and ecology. Sea Challengers, Monterey, California. 107 p. (Ref. 12951) Nakaya, K. and S. Shirai0 Fauna and zoogeography of deep-benthic chondrichthyan fishes around the Japanese Archipelago. Jap. J. Ichthyol. 39(1):37-48. (Ref. 13360) Swedish Museum of Natural History0 Fish collection database of the Naturhistoriska riksmuseet (Swedish Museum of Natural History). Ichthyology Section, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden. (Ref. 31402) Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517) Klinkhardt, M, M. Tesche and H. Greven0 Database of fish chromosomes. Westarp Wissenschaften. (Ref. 34370) Randall, J.E. and K.K.P. Lim (eds.)0 A checklist of the fishes of the South China Sea. Raffles Bull. Zool. Suppl. (8):569-667. (Ref. 36648) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732) Compagno, L.J.V.0 Myliobatidae. Eagle rays. p. 1511-1519. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 3. Batoid fishes, chimaeras and bony fishes. Part 1 (Elopidae to Linophrynidae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 39768) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. (Ref. 40919) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414) Bor, P.H.F.0 Nederlandse naamlijst van de recente haaien en roggen (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii) van de wereld. World Wide Web electronic publication www.rajidae.tmfweb.nl, version (05/2002). (Ref. 43454) Dulvy, N.K. and J.D. Reynolds0 Evolutionary transitions among egg-laying, live-bearing and maternal inputs in sharks and rays. Proc. R. Soc. Lond., Ser. B: Biol. Sci. 264:1309-1315. (Ref. 50449) Carl, H.0 Danish fish names. Zoological Museum of Copenhagen. Unpublished. (Ref. 51471) Ohshimo, S.0 Spatial distribution and biomass of pelagic fish in the East China Sea in summer, based on acoustic surveys from 1997 to 2001. Fish. Sci. 70:389-400. (Ref. 52947) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis, 29 April 2008. (Ref. 75549) Kim, I.S., Y. Choi, C.L. Lee, Y.J. Lee, B.J. Kim and J.H. Kim0 Illustrated book of Korean fishes. Kyo-Hak Pub Co. Seoul. 615p. (in Korean). (Ref. 77001) IGFA0 Database of IGFA angling records until 2009. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. (Ref. 83530) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110) eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471) Yemen Water0 Annex 2 LMR in Yemeni waters in the RSGA Region. http://www.yemenwater.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/LMR-in-Yemen-RSGA-waters.pdf [Accessed 26/04/2017]. (Ref. 114935) Last, P.R., W.T. White, M.R. de Carvalho, B. Séret, M.F.W. Stehmann and G.J.P. Naylor0 Rays of the world. CSIRO Publishing, Comstock Publishing Associates. i-ix + 1-790. (Ref. 114953) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272) Beolens, B., M. Grayson and M. Watkins0 Eponym dictionary of Fishes. Dunbeath, Caithness (Scotland, UK): Whittles Publishing Limited, 1300 p. (Ref. 128868) White, W.T., J. Kawauchi, S. Corrigan, E. Rochel and G.J.P. Naylor0 Redescription of the eagle rays <i>Myliobatis hamlyni</i> Ogilby, 1911 and <i>M. tobijei</i> Bleeker, 1854 (Myliobatiformes: Myliobatidae) from the east Indo-West Pacific. Zootaxa 3948(3):521-548. (Ref. 132213) Uchida, T. (ed.)0 New illustrated encyclopedia of the fauna of Japan, Vol. III. Hokuryukan, Tokyo, 763pp. [in Japanese] (Ref. 132260) FB-GeneralDescr-12964 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1995-04-12 00:00:00 2024-10-07 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12964 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Found from the intertidal to the uppermost continental slope (Ref. 9862, 11230). A carnivore feeding on benthic animals. Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Males and females ranged in size from 24.5-61.9 and 21.4-65.6 cm DW, respectively. Five males between 42.9 and 61.9 cm DW were found to be mature and a 41.0 cm DW male was adolescent, while 18 males between 24.5 and 32.3 cm DW were immature. A female of 65.6 cm DW was found pregnant. A reported abnormal female specimen was 66.5 cm DW and weighed 5.5 kg. The largest male examined was 61.9 cm DW had a total length of 125.7 cm (Ref. 132213). White, W.T., J. Kawauchi, S. Corrigan, E. Rochel and G.J.P. Naylor 2015 Redescription of the eagle rays <i>Myliobatis hamlyni</i> Ogilby, 1911 and <i>M. tobijei</i> Bleeker, 1854 (Myliobatiformes: Myliobatidae) from the east Indo-West Pacific. Zootaxa 3948(3):521-548. (Ref. 132213) FB-DiagnosticDescr-12964 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 2024-10-07 00:00:00 2024-10-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12964 This small species (attaining about 66.5 cm DW) has the following set of characters: colour of dorsal surfaces yellowish brown, usually with variable, irregular dark blotches; tail with a very weak ventral skin fold; stinging spine(s) are relatively long (longest spine 10.3-18.6% DW); interorbital space is shallowly concave in adult males; anterior margins of pectoral fins moderately convex; cranial fontanelle (visible in dorsal view without dissection) is relatively narrow with mostly straight lateral margins; claspers of adult males 6.6-10.2% DW; predorsal length 66.6-78.8% DW; each jaw with 7 rows of teeth, with a broad median row flanked by three smaller rows on each side; pectoral-fin radials 79-85 (excluding rostral propterygial radials anterior of the eyes); total vertebral centra (including synarcual) 115-124; males mature by 42.9 cm DW (Ref. 132213). White, W.T., J. Kawauchi, S. Corrigan, E. Rochel and G.J.P. Naylor 2015 Redescription of the eagle rays <i>Myliobatis hamlyni</i> Ogilby, 1911 and <i>M. tobijei</i> Bleeker, 1854 (Myliobatiformes: Myliobatidae) from the east Indo-West Pacific. Zootaxa 3948(3):521-548. (Ref. 132213) FB-Distribution-12964 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1995-04-12 00:00:00 2024-10-08 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12964 Northwest Pacific: Russia, China, South Korea and Japan. White, W.T., J. Kawauchi, S. Corrigan, E. Rochel and G.J.P. Naylor 2015 Redescription of the eagle rays <i>Myliobatis hamlyni</i> Ogilby, 1911 and <i>M. tobijei</i> Bleeker, 1854 (Myliobatiformes: Myliobatidae) from the east Indo-West Pacific. Zootaxa 3948(3):521-548. (Ref. 132213) FB-Uses-12964 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1995-04-12 00:00:00 2024-10-07 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12964 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats fisheries: minor commercial; gamefish: yes; price category: medium; price reliability: very questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this family IGFA 2009 Database of IGFA angling records until 2009. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. (Ref. 83530) FB-LifeCycle-12964 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1995-04-12 00:00:00 2024-10-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=12964&StockCode=13289 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-TrophicStrategy-12964 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Drina Sta. Iglesia 2001-01-03 00:00:00 2024-10-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public tobijei http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Found from the intertidal to the uppermost continental slope. Lives on the sandy areas in the rocky regions of the Japanese and the East China seas (Ref. 9137). A carnivore feeding on benthic animals (Ref. 9137). Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen 1993 Meeresfische der Welt - Groß-Indopazifische Region. Tetra Verlag, Herrenteich, Melle. 528 p. (Ref. 9137) FB-Size-12964 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1995-04-12 00:00:00 2024-10-07 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12964 150 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 9862)) Compagno, L.J.V. 1997 Myliobatidae. Eagle rays. p. 1511-1519. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 3. Batoid fishes, chimaeras and bony fishes. Part 1 (Elopidae to Linophrynidae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9862) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-12964 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1995-04-12 00:00:00 2024-10-07 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=12964 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats demersal; marine; depth range 0 - 220 m (Ref. 9862) Compagno, L.J.V. 1997 Myliobatidae. Eagle rays. p. 1511-1519. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 3. Batoid fishes, chimaeras and bony fishes. Part 1 (Elopidae to Linophrynidae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9862)