FB-13207 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=13207 Animalia Chordata Elasmobranchii Torpediniformes Narcinidae Narcine Narcine vermiculata Breder, 1928 Pacific white skate Spiny skate White skate Valkjas süvarai Raie blanche Raya blanca 棘深海鰩 棘深海鳐 Psammobatus spinosissimus Beebe & Tee-Van, 1941 1995-06-01 2018-08-13 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann0 A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850) McEachran, J.D.0 Rajidae. Rayas. p. 773-777. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para los Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9261) Fritzsch, B. and P. Moller0 A history of electroreception. p. 39-55. In P. Moller (ed.) Electric fishes:history and behavior. Fish and Fisheries Series 17. Chapman & Hall, London. (Ref. 10311) Eschmeyer, W.N.0 PISCES. Eschmeyer's PISCES database as published on the Internet in June 1997, URL: gopher://gopher.calacademy.org:640/7. (Ref. 12965) Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.)0 Catalog of fishes. Special Publication, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco. 3 vols. 2905 p. (Ref. 26282) McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn0 Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314) Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517) Compagno, L.J.V.0 Checklist of living elasmobranchs. p. 471-498. In W.C. Hamlett (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland. (Ref. 35766) Pitruk, D.L. and V.V. Federov0 A new species of the genus <i>Osteodiscus</i> Stein (Liparididae) from the Sea Okhotsk. J. Ichthyol. 30(8):112-118. (Ref. 41724) Dulvy, N.K. and J.D. Reynolds0 Evolutionary transitions among egg-laying, live-bearing and maternal inputs in sharks and rays. Proc. R. Soc. Lond., Ser. B: Biol. Sci. 264:1309-1315. (Ref. 50449) Fedorov, V.V., I.A. Chereshnev, M.V. Nazarkin, A.V. Shestakov and V.V. Volobuev0 Catalog of marine and freswater fishes of the northern part of the Sea of Okhotsk. Vladivostok: Dalnauka, 2003. 204 p. (Ref. 50550) Russian Academy of Sciences0 Catalog of vertebrates of Kamchatka and adjacent waters. Kamchatsky Pechatny Dvor, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia. 166 p. (Ref. 50610) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis, 29 April 2008. (Ref. 75549) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062) McCosker, J.E. and R.H. Rosenblatt0 The fishes of the Galápagos archipelago: An update. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 61[4(Suppl.2)]:167-195. (Ref. 94512) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632) Love, M.S., C.W. Mecklenburg, T.A. Mecklenburg and L.K. Thorsteinson0 Resource inventory of marine and estuarine fishes of the West Coast and Alaska: A checklist of North Pacific and Arctic Ocean species from Baja California to the Alaska-Yukon border. U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Seattle, Washington, 98104. (Ref. 96339) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110) eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272) Knuckey, J.D.S. and D.A. Ebert0 A taxonomic revision of Northeast Pacific softnose skates (Rajiformes: Arhynchobatidae: <i>Bathyraja Ishiyama</i>). Zootaxa 5142(1):1-89. (Ref. 126515) Grove, J.S., D.J. Long, D.R. Robertson and B.C. Victor0 List of fishes of the Galapagos Archipelago, Ecuador. J. Ocean Sci. Found. 39:14-22. (Ref. 127348) IUCN0 The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1964 - onwards. https://www.iucnredlist.org/ (Ref. 130435) FB-pic-13208-4511 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1995-06-03 2010-07-09 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=13208 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Baspi_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Baspi_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-13208 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1995-06-02 00:00:00 2022-07-07 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ FAO General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=13208 Found in deep waters to almost 3,000 m, making it one of the deepest dwelling skates; prefer cold temperatures compared to its congeners. Feeds on deep-water benthic fishes. Size at maturity for males is unknown, for female specimens, size at maturity at 98 cm TL; with size at birth 25 cm TL. Egg cases are large compared to its congeners (9.2 cm TL); colour plum brown and longitudinally weakly striated, with both surfaces of the case plush-like to the touch. Horns with posterior ones curve inwards and with narrow at tips (Ref. 126515). Knuckey, J.D.S. and D.A. Ebert 2022 A taxonomic revision of Northeast Pacific softnose skates (Rajiformes: Arhynchobatidae: <i>Bathyraja Ishiyama</i>). Zootaxa 5142(1):1-89. (Ref. 126515) FB-DiagnosticDescr-13208 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 2022-07-07 00:00:00 2022-07-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=13208 This large skates (200.3 cm TL), with large disc length and width (44.1-56.9 and 50.6-67.3% TL, respectively) are distinguished by the following: pectorals with rounded apices; head moderately long (14.0-20.5 % TL), interspiracular length large (9.1-12.2% TL), mouth width large (6.1-13.0% TL); teeth in 31-33 rows on upper jaw and in 24-31 rows on lower jaw; total vertebrae 137; dorsal and ventral surfaces are covered with prickles; thorns usually absent on dorsal surface, with tail thorns (22-28), interdorsal thorns weakly developed or absent (0-1), no middorsal, nuchal, and scapular thorns. Colouration: dorsal pale white to grey, while ventral is pale white; outer edges of pectorals dark (Ref. 126515). Knuckey, J.D.S. and D.A. Ebert 2022 A taxonomic revision of Northeast Pacific softnose skates (Rajiformes: Arhynchobatidae: <i>Bathyraja Ishiyama</i>). Zootaxa 5142(1):1-89. (Ref. 126515) FB-Distribution-13208 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1995-06-02 00:00:00 2025-11-05 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=13208 North Pacific: from the Bering Sea, south to the Galapagos Islands and Costa Rica. Knuckey, J.D.S. and D.A. Ebert 2022 A taxonomic revision of Northeast Pacific softnose skates (Rajiformes: Arhynchobatidae: <i>Bathyraja Ishiyama</i>). Zootaxa 5142(1):1-89. (Ref. 126515) FB-Uses-13208 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1995-06-02 00:00:00 2022-07-07 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=13208 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription fisheries: of no interest McEachran, J.D. 1995 Rajidae. Rayas. p. 773-777. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para los Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9261) FB-LifeCycle-13208 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1995-06-02 00:00:00 2022-07-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=13208&StockCode=13533 Oviparous, paired eggs are laid. Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449). Eggs have horn-like projections on the shell (Ref. 205). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-Size-13208 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1995-06-02 00:00:00 2022-07-07 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=13208 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution 200 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 126515)) Knuckey, J.D.S. and D.A. Ebert 2022 A taxonomic revision of Northeast Pacific softnose skates (Rajiformes: Arhynchobatidae: <i>Bathyraja Ishiyama</i>). Zootaxa 5142(1):1-89. (Ref. 126515) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-13208 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1995-06-02 00:00:00 2022-07-07 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=13208 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy bathydemersal; marine; depth range 800 - 2938 m (Ref. 50610) Russian Academy of Sciences 2000 Catalog of vertebrates of Kamchatka and adjacent waters. Kamchatsky Pechatny Dvor, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia. 166 p. (Ref. 50610)