FB-1327 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1327 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Mulliformes Mullidae Mullus Mullus surmuletus Linnaeus, 1758 Areeiro dentuço Groottand-botvis Khaufa Khofaah Khubz Khufaa Serbati Nga-phet-ywat Dali-dali Sunogan Deep flounder False brill Flatfish Flounder Large tooth flounder Largetooth flounder Large-tooth flounder Large-toothed flounder Smooth-scale brill Smooth-scaled brill davilai Rite dentu Jeebhti Jipti જેભતી  જિપ્તી  Dapal Higda Palad Tenjikugarei Tenjiku-garei Chǒng-sang-byǒl-nǒp-ch'i Jeebhti Lepti ळीप जीभति ळीपती Ikan sebelah Ikan tampar Lidah Pee hu Sebelah Sebelah gigi besar Sisa Nabi Sheer-sheerto Gala-gala Gayo-gayo Wayo Nakku நாக்கு  నురి నలాక   Dapang bilog Dapa Tampal Linkhwai ลิ้นควาย Cá Danh Cá Bơn vằn răng to Lenguado dentudo Bān píng Dà yá bān píng Engkod siblah Ikan sebelah Lippar-lippar Mesapaliy Naburr 多点斑鲆 多點斑鮃 大牙斑鮃 大牙斑鲆 大齒斑鮃 大齿斑鲆 扁鱼 皇帝鱼 Neorhombus occellatus De Vis, 1886 Neorhombus ocellatus De Vis, 1886 Pleuronectes arsius Hamilton, 1822 Pleuronectes mortoniensis De Vis, 1882 Pseudorhombus andersoni Gilchrist, 1904 Pseudorhombus arius (Hamilton, 1822) Pseudorhombus oligodon (non Bleeker, 1854) Pseudorhombus polyspilos (Bleeker, 1853) Pseudorhombus polyspilus (Bleeker, 1853) Rhombus lentiginosus Richardson, 1843 Rhombus polyspilos Bleeker, 1853 Teratorhombus excisiceps Macleay, 1881 1990-10-17 2012-11-21 Breder, C.M. and D.E. 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Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272) Van Schie, A.M. and W.F. De Boer0 Population dynamics and spawning of the flatfish <i>Solea bleekeri</i> and <i>Pseudorhombus arsius</i> in the intertidal area of Inhaca Island, Mocambique. African Journal of Marine Science 25:49-60. (Ref. 121944) Graham, K.J.0 Trawl fish length-weight relationships from data collected during FRV Kapala surveys. NSW Fisheries Research Institute. Fisheries Research Report Series 2. (Ref. 123586) Nip, T.H.M. and C.K. Wong0 Juvenile fish assemblages in mangrove and non-mangrove soft-shore habitats in eastern Hong Kong. Zool. Stud. 49(6):760-778. (Ref. 125515) Situ, Y.Y. and Y.J. Sadovy0 A preliminary study on local species diversity and seasonal composition in a Hong Kong wet market. Asian Fish. Sci. 17:235-248. (Ref. 125552) Richards, J. and R.S.S. Wu0 Inshore fish community structure in a subtropical estuary. Asian Marine Biology 2:57-68. (Ref. 126090) Leung, A.W.Y.0 The impact of dredging and fishing on the benthic fish fauna of the southeastern waters of Hong Kong. pp. 437-461 In B. Morton (ed.) The Marine Flora and Fauna of Hong Kong and Southern China IV, Proceedings of the Eight International Marine Biological Workshop, Hong Kong, 2-20 April 1995. Hong Kong University Press. (Ref. 126308) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-pic-1325-8338 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-02-13 2000-03-20 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1325 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Psars_u3.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Psars_u3.jpg FB-pic-1325-8339 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-02-13 2000-03-20 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1325 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat government trawler http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Psars_u4.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Psars_u4.jpg FB-pic-1325-8340 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-02-13 2002-09-25 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged FAO General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1325 http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Psars_u5.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Psars_u5.jpg FB-pic-1325-12056 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1996-10-02 1997-04-13 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1325 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Psars_u2.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Psars_u2.gif FB-GeneralDescr-1325 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2021-11-18 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1325 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Found in shallow waters and estuaries, on mud and sand bottoms, to depths of 200 m (Ref. 30573). Juveniles common in brackish water (Ref. 9774). Feeds on benthic animals (Ref. 5213). Mainly sold fresh (Ref. 9774). Desoutter, M. 1986 Bothidae. p. 428-429. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 6804) FB-DiagnosticDescr-1325 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1995-09-18 00:00:00 2012-12-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1325 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Some pairs of moderately large canines in anterior part of both jaws, 6 to 13 lateral teeth in lower jaw, stronger and more widely spaced than those of upper jaw. Gill rakers pointed, longer than broad. Soft ray count of pectoral fin refers to that on ocular side (Ref 9774). Amaoka, K. and D.A. Hensley 2001 Paralichthyidae. Sand flounders. p. 3842-3862. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 6. Bony fishes part 4 (Labridae to Latimeriidae), estuarine crocodiles. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9774) FB-Morphology-1325 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1995-09-18 00:00:00 2012-12-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1325 Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 71 - 84; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 53 - 62; Vertebrae: 36 Amaoka, K. and D.A. Hensley 2001 Paralichthyidae. Sand flounders. p. 3842-3862. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 6. Bony fishes part 4 (Labridae to Latimeriidae), estuarine crocodiles. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9774) FB-Distribution-1325 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2025-01-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1325 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Indo-West Pacific: Persian Gulf and east coast of Africa (south to Algoa Bay and perhaps to Knysna, South Africa) to Fiji, north to southern Japan, south to the northern coast of Australia. Kuronuma, K. and Y. Abe 1986 Fishes of the Arabian Gulf. Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, State of Kuwait, 356 p. (Ref. 5999) FB-Uses-1325 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2021-11-18 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1325 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott 1991 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott 1991 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) FB-Migration-1325 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2021-11-18 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1325 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) FB-LifeCycle-1325 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2021-11-18 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=1325&StockCode=1343 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Distinct pairing (Ref. 205). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-TrophicStrategy-1325 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1993-01-11 00:00:00 2023-10-04 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ FAO General public arsius Euryhaline species. Prefers muddy, sandy or gravel bottom. Juveniles can make extensive use of estuaries and inhabit mangrove swamps. Both juveniles and adults can be found in the intertidal, on muddy and sandy bottoms and near mangrove and seagrass beds (Ref. 121944). Dwells in shallow, muddy substrates where it burrows into mud or sand, leaving only its eyes exposed. Ambush predator. Feeds on crabs, marine worms, and small fishes. Larvae resemble regular fishes and inhabits the water column. Eventually, its right eye migrates towards the left side and its skull twists as it transforms into its benthic adult stage (Ref. 9773). Blaber, S.J.M. 1980 Fish of the Trinity Inlet System of North Queensland with notes on the ecology of fish faunas of tropical Indo-Pacific estuaries. Aust. J. Mar. Freshwater Res. 31:137-146. (Ref. 4959) FB-Size-1325 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2021-11-18 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1325 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution 45.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 6804)) Desoutter, M. 1986 Bothidae. p. 428-429. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 6804) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-1325 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2021-11-18 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1325 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size demersal; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); brackish; marine; depth range 0 - 200 m (Ref. 30573) Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) Sommer, C., W. Schneider and J.-M. Poutiers 1996 FAO species identification field guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of Somalia. FAO, Rome. 376 p. (Ref. 30573)