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	<dc:identifier>FB-15483</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=15483</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Elasmobranchii</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Myliobatiformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Dasyatidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Maculabatis</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Maculabatis gerrardi (Gray, 1851)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fa'>Pow-e-dokhar</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='da'>Dværgpiskerokke</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Bengal whipray</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Dwarf whip ray</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Dwarf whipray</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Scaly stingray</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Scaly whipray</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Stingray</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='et'>Kääbus-nuutrai</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Ketuka</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Pari lalat</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Pari nyiru</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Pari tanjung</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Pari-ketuka tanjung</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Setoka</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='sd'>Kutti</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='te'>Isacurrah-tenkee</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='te'>Tenkee shindraki</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='te'>Thirachi</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='te'>ఇసకుఱహ టెంకీ  </commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='te'>ఇసకుఱహ టెంకీ   </commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='te'>టెంకీ షింద్రాకి </commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='te'>తిరచ్చి</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='te'>తిరాచ్చి</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='th'>Krabane hang-nahm</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Dwergpijlstaartrog</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Suncush</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>沃尔窄尾魟</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>沃爾窄尾魟</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Dasyatis walga (Müller &amp; Henle, 1841)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Himantura imbricata (non Bloch &amp; Schneider, 1801)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Himantura walga (Müller &amp; Henle, 1841)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Trygon walga Müller &amp; Henle, 1841</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1995-10-24</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2022-06-17</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=205&amp;speccode=15484'>Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6867&amp;speccode=15484'>Talwar, P.K. and R.K. Kacker0 Commercial sea fishes of India. Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta. 997 p. (Ref. 6867)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9840&amp;speccode=15484'>Last, P.R. and L.J.V. Compagno0 Dasyatididae. Stingrays. p. 1479-1505. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 3. Batoid fishes, chimaeras and bony fishes part 1 (Elopidae to Linophrynidae). FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9840)</reference>
	<reference isbn='983-9319-04-3' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=27550&amp;speccode=15484'>Mohsin, A.K.M. and M.A. Ambak0 Marine fishes and fisheries of Malaysia and neighbouring countries. University of Pertanian Malaysia Press, Serdang, Malaysia. 744 p. (Ref. 27550)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=15484'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=33173&amp;speccode=15484'>Quddus, M.M.A.0 A survey report on the freshwater elasmobranch from different river systems of Bangladesh. p. 57-62. In Adaptability and conservation of freshwater elasmobranchs. Report of Research Project, Grant-in-Aid for International Scientific Research (Field Research) in the financial year of 1996 and 1997. 119 p. (Ref. 33173)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35508&amp;speccode=15484'>Anonymous0 The icthyological collection of the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). Division of Ichthyology and Herpetology, Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). (Ref. 35508)</reference>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=130662&amp;speccode=15484'>Last, P.R., S. Weigmann and G.J.P. Naylor0 The Indo-Pacific stingray genus &lt;i&gt;Brevitrygon&lt;/i&gt; (Myliobatiformes: Dasyatidae): clarification of historical names and description of a new species, &lt;i&gt;B. manjajiae&lt;/i&gt;  sp. nov., from the western Indian Ocean. Diversity 15: 1-75. (Ref. 130662)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=132125&amp;speccode=15484'>Ferragut-Perello, F., S. Ramirez-Amaro, A.C. Tsikliras, N. Petit-Marty, D. Dimarchopoulou0 Exploitation and conservation status of the thornback ray (&lt;i&gt;Raja clavata&lt;/i&gt;) in the Balearic Islands (Western Mediterranean). Fishes 8(2):117. (Ref. 132125)</reference><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>Demersal on insular and continental shelves, and occasionally found in coastal embayments (Ref. 58048); primarily in shallow water from near the shore in estuaries to nearby fishing grounds in bays (Ref. 130662). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Caught in large quantities as by-catch of bottom trawl and trammel net fisheries. Utilized for its meat, but of limited value due to its very small size (Ref.58048).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=130662&amp;speccode=15484'>Last, P.R., S. Weigmann and G.J.P. Naylor 2023 The Indo-Pacific stingray genus &lt;i&gt;Brevitrygon&lt;/i&gt; (Myliobatiformes: Dasyatidae): clarification of historical names and description of a new species, &lt;i&gt;B. manjajiae&lt;/i&gt;  sp. nov., from the western Indian Ocean. Diversity 15: 1-75. (Ref. 130662)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>Ovoviviparous (Ref. 205), with histotrophy. Gives birth to litters of 1-2 pups; no reproductive synchronicity. Born at 8-10 cm WD (Ref.58048). Distinct pairing with embrace (Ref. 205).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=205&amp;speccode=15484'>Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-15484</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Cristina V. Garilao</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1995-10-25 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-05-23 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=15484</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription</subject>
	<dc:description>20.3 cm WD (male/unsexed; (Ref. 130662)); 23.3 cm WD (female)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=130662&amp;speccode=15484'>Last, P.R., S. Weigmann and G.J.P. Naylor 2023 The Indo-Pacific stingray genus &lt;i&gt;Brevitrygon&lt;/i&gt; (Myliobatiformes: Dasyatidae): clarification of historical names and description of a new species, &lt;i&gt;B. manjajiae&lt;/i&gt;  sp. nov., from the western Indian Ocean. Diversity 15: 1-75. (Ref. 130662)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-15484</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Cristina V. Garilao</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1995-10-25 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-05-23 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=15484</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>demersal; brackish; marine; depth range 0 - 40 m (Ref. 121773)</dc:description>
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	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=121773&amp;speccode=15484'>IUCN 2020 The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2019-3. &lt;https://www.iucnredlist.org/&gt;. Downloaded 26 Feb 2020. (Ref. 121773)</reference></dataObject>
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