FB-16534 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=16534 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Perciformes/Serranoidei Serranidae Hypoplectrus Hypoplectrus guttavarius (Poey, 1852) Bad lucks Black hamlet Black Hamlet Black snapper Mero carbonero Vaca negra 横带低纹鮨 橫帶低紋鮨 Hypoplectrus unicolor (non Walbaum, 1792) Plectropoma nigricans Poey, 1852 1996-02-16 2001-06-02 Randall, J.E.0 Caribbean reef fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. Ltd., The British Crown Colony of Hong Kong. 318 p. (Ref. 32) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (12)1-174. (Ref. 276) Böhlke, J.E. and C.C.G. Chaplin0 Fishes of the Bahamas and adjacent tropical waters. 2nd edition. University of Texas Press, Austin. (Ref. 5521) Lieske, E. and R. Myers0 Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Haper Collins Publishers, 400 p. (Ref. 9710) Humann, P.0 Reef fish identification: Florida, Caribbean, Bahamas. New World Publications, Jacksonville, Florida. 426 p. (Ref. 9761) Sadovy, Y.0 A preliminary assessment of the marine aquarium export trade in Puerto Rico. Proceedings of the Seventh International Coral Reef Symposium, Guam, Vol. 2, p. 1014-1021. (Ref. 12090) Randall, J.E.0 Caribbean reef fishes. Third Edition - revised and enlarged. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. Ltd., Hong Kong. 3nd ed. 368 p. (Ref. 13442) Ogden, J.C., J.A. Yntema and I. Clavijo0 An annotated list of the fishes of St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands. Spec. Publ. No. 3. (Ref. 26180) Bouchon-Navaro, Y. and M. Louis0 Les poissons des formations corallienes de la Martinique. Ann. Inst. Océanogr., Paris 62(2):251-270. (Ref. 26252) Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.)0 Catalog of fishes. Special Publication, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco. 3 vols. 2905 p. (Ref. 26282) Claro, R.0 Características generales de la ictiofauna. p. 55-70. In R. Claro (ed.) Ecología de los peces marinos de Cuba. Instituto de Oceanología Academia de Ciencias de Cuba and Centro de Investigaciones de Quintana Roo. (Ref. 26340) Domeier, M.L.0 Speciation in the serranid fish <i>Hypoplectrus</i>. Bull. Mar. Sci. 54(1):103-141. (Ref. 26407) Smith, C.L.0 National Audubon Society field guide to tropical marine fishes of the Caribbean, the Gulf of Mexico, Florida, the Bahamas, and Bermuda. Alfred A. Knopf, Inc., New York. 720 p. (Ref. 26938) Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517) Fischer, E.A.0 The relationship between mating system and simultaneous hermaphroditism in the coral reef fish, <i>Hypoplectrus nigricans</i> (Serranidae). Anim. Behav. :620-633. (Ref. 32109) Pollnac, R.B.0 Aspects of the human ecology of the coral reefs of Discovery Bay. p. 141-199. In R.B. Pollnac (ed.) Rapid assessment of management parameters for coral reefs. Coastal Resources Center, University of Rhode Island. CMR 2205, ICLARM 1445. (Ref. 35141) Zaneveld, J.S.0 Caribbean Fish Life. Index to the local and scientific names of the marine fishes and fishlike invertebrates of the Caribbean area (Tropical Western Central Atlantic Ocean). E.J. Brill / Dr. W. Backhuys, Leiden, 163p. (Ref. 35205) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414) Aguilar-Perera, A.0 Abundance and distribution of hamlets (Teleostei: <i>Hypoplectrus</i>) in coral reefs off southwestern Puerto Rico: support for the multiple-species hypothesis. Caribb. J. Sci. 39(1):147-151. (Ref. 46664) Anonymous0 Fish collection of the Royal Ontario Museum. Royal Ontario Museum. (Ref. 47438) Hardy, J.D. Jr. (comp.)0 Coral reef fish species. NOAANational Oceanographic Data Center. NODC Coral Reef Data and Information Management System. USA. 537 p. (Ref. 48497) Martin, F.D. and J.W. Patus0 An annotated key to the teleost fishes of Puerto Rico. Compendio Enciclopedico de los Recursos Nat. 5:1-191. (Ref. 50307) Heemstra, P.C., W.D. Anderson and P.S. Lobel0 Serranidae. Groupers (seabasses, creolefish, coney, hinds, hamlets, anthiines, and soapfishes). p. 1308-1369. In K.E. Carpenter (ed.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Atlantic. Vol. 2: Bony fishes part 1 (Acipenseridae to Grammatidae). (Ref. 51229) Nelson, J.S., E.J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C.R. Gilbert, R.N. Lea and J.D. Williams0 Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29, Bethesda, Maryland. ix, 386 p. + 1 CD. (Ref. 52299) Claro, R. and L.R. Parenti0 The marine ichthyofauna of Cuba. p. 21-57. In Claro, R., K.C. Lindeman and L.R. Parenti (eds) Ecology of the marine fishes of Cuba. Smithsonian Institution Press, Wahsington and London. 253p. (Ref. 54206) Dominici-Arosemena, A. and M. Wolff0 Reef fish community structure in Bocas del Toro (Caribbean, Panamá): Gradients in habitat complexity and exposure. Caribbean J. Sci. 41(3):613-637. (Ref. 57616) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis, 29 April 2008. (Ref. 75549) McEachran, J.D. and J.D. Fechhelm0 Fishes of the Gulf of Mexico. Vol. 2. Austin : University of Texas Press. viii+1004p. (Ref. 78464) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882) Belize Tropical Research and Education Center0 Species lists. https://www.belizemarinetrec.com/links/ [Accessed 27/03/2025]. (Ref. 87232) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) Harper, L.M., J.S. Lefcheck, R. Whippo, M.S. Jones, Z. Foltz and J.E. Duffy0 Blinded by the bright: How species-poor habitats contribute to regional biodiversity across a tropical seascape. Diversity and Distributions 28:2272-2285. (Ref. 128694) Harborne, A.0 Fish and coral species lists compiled by Coral Cay Conservation: Belize 1990-1998. Coral Cay Conservation, 26p. (Ref. 128811) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-pic-16535-38853 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 2004-03-07 2004-03-07 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=16535 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Hynig_u3.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Hynig_u3.jpg FB-GeneralDescr-16535 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Christine Marie V. Casal 1996-02-16 00:00:00 2001-06-02 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=16535 A solitary species (Ref. 26340) inhabiting shallow reefs (Ref. 9710). Feeds on fishes and crustaceans (Ref. 26180). Often found near the bottom around soft and hard corals. Occasionally been seen spawning with the H. chlorurus (Ref. 26938) Domeier, M.L. 1994 Speciation in the serranid fish <i>Hypoplectrus</i>. Bull. Mar. Sci. 54(1):103-141. (Ref. 26407) FB-DiagnosticDescr-16535 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1998-04-20 00:00:00 1998-04-20 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=16535 Body blackish (the intensity of the black can vary from bluish to brownish ). All fins pigmented, including the pectorals. Domeier, M.L. 1994 Speciation in the serranid fish <i>Hypoplectrus</i>. Bull. Mar. Sci. 54(1):103-141. (Ref. 26407) FB-Distribution-16535 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Christine Marie V. Casal 1996-02-16 00:00:00 2001-06-02 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=16535 Western Atlantic: Belize to Panama; throughout the rest of the Caribbean. Absent off the coast of Venezuela. Antilles (Ref. 26938). Domeier, M.L. 1994 Speciation in the serranid fish <i>Hypoplectrus</i>. Bull. Mar. Sci. 54(1):103-141. (Ref. 26407) FB-Uses-16535 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Christine Marie V. Casal 1996-02-16 00:00:00 2001-06-02 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=16535 fisheries: commercial; aquarium: commercial Sadovy, Y. 1992 A preliminary assessment of the marine aquarium export trade in Puerto Rico. Proceedings of the Seventh International Coral Reef Symposium, Guam, Vol. 2, p. 1014-1021. (Ref. 12090) FB-LifeCycle-16535 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Philip Munday 1996-02-16 00:00:00 2001-06-02 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=16535&StockCode=15118 Pelagic spawner. Fischer, E.A. 1980 The relationship between mating system and simultaneous hermaphroditism in the coral reef fish, <i>Hypoplectrus nigricans</i> (Serranidae). Anim. Behav. :620-633. (Ref. 32109) FB-TrophicStrategy-16535 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Drina Sta. Iglesia 2001-01-17 00:00:00 2023-06-08 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public nigricans Inhabits shallow reefs (Ref. 9710). Often found near the bottom around soft and hard corals. Feeds on fishes and crustaceans. Carnivore (Ref. 57616). Predominantly inhabits forereefs (Ref. 128694). Domeier, M.L. 1994 Speciation in the serranid fish <i>Hypoplectrus</i>. Bull. Mar. Sci. 54(1):103-141. (Ref. 26407) FB-Size-16535 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Christine Marie V. Casal 1996-02-16 00:00:00 2001-06-02 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=16535 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription 15.2 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 13442)) Randall, J.E. 1996 Caribbean reef fishes. Third Edition - revised and enlarged. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. Ltd., Hong Kong. 3nd ed. 368 p. (Ref. 13442) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-16535 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Christine Marie V. Casal 1996-02-16 00:00:00 2001-06-02 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=16535 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution reef-associated; marine; depth range 3 - 13 m (Ref. 9710) Lieske, E. and R. Myers 1994 Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Haper Collins Publishers, 400 p. (Ref. 9710)