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	<dc:identifier>FB-16849</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=16849</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Beloniformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Belonidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Petalichthys</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Petalichthys capensis Regan, 1904</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='af'>Wimpelvis</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='da'>Serpentinfisk</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Benham's streamerfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Oarfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Ribbonfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Streamer fish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>派氏長體皇帶魚</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>派氏长体皇带鱼</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Agrostichthys benhami Scott, 1934</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Regalecus parkeri Benham, 1904</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1996-03-05</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2014-02-27</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=167&amp;speccode=16851'>Smith, M.M. and P.C. Heemstra (eds.)0 Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. 1047 p. (Ref. 167)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4165&amp;speccode=16851'>Heemstra, P.C.0 Lophotidae. p. 402-403. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4165)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4171&amp;speccode=16851'>Heemstra, P.C.0 Regalecidae. p. 403. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4171)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4517&amp;speccode=16851'>Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='0-477-01427-5(pbk.).' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5755&amp;speccode=16851'>Paulin, C., A. Stewart, C. Roberts and P. McMillan0 New Zealand fish: a complete guide. National Museum of New Zealand Miscellaneous Series No. 19. 279 p. (Ref. 5755)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=7300&amp;speccode=16851'>Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley0 Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=16851'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35509&amp;speccode=16851'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Intitut fur Seefischerei (ISH). BIOLAB Forschungsinstitut, Hohenwestedt, Germany. (Ref. 35509)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=38732&amp;speccode=16851'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41191&amp;speccode=16851'>Trunov, I.A.0 Species of the family Regalecidae (Lampridiformes) from the southeastern Atlantic Ocean. J. Ichthyol. 22(1):1-6. (Ref. 41191)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=43600&amp;speccode=16851'>Figueroa, D.E. and J.M. Díaz de Astarloa0 Occurrence of the oarfish &lt;i&gt;Agrostichthys parkeri&lt;/i&gt; (Osteichthyes: Regalecidae) in the southernmost Western Atlantic. Neotrópica 42(107-108):90. (Ref. 43600)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=45493&amp;speccode=16851'>Roberts, C.D.0 Fishes of the Chatham Islands, New Zealand: a trawl survey and summary of the ichthyofauna. N.Z. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 25(1):1-19. (Ref. 45493)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51471&amp;speccode=16851'>Carl, H.0 Danish fish names. Zoological Museum of Copenhagen. Unpublished. (Ref. 51471)</reference>
	<reference isbn='9974-563-18-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=54736&amp;speccode=16851'>Nión, H., C. Ríos and P. Meneses0 Peces del Uruguay: Lista sistemática y nombres comunes. Montevideo, DINARA, Infopesca. (Ref. 54736)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=16851'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=72381&amp;speccode=16851'>Paul, L.0 New Zealand fishes. Identification, natural history and fisheries. Reed Books, Auckland. (Ref. 72381)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=75154&amp;speccode=16851'>Hoese, D.F., D.J. Bray, J.R. Paxton and G.R. Allen0 Fishes. In Beasley, O.L. and A. Wells (eds.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volume 35 Australia: ABRS &amp; CSIRO Publishing, 2178 p. (Ref. 75154)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=75549&amp;speccode=16851'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis, 29 April 2008. (Ref. 75549)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=83882&amp;speccode=16851'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=85876&amp;speccode=16851'>Ruiz, A.E. and A.E. Gosztonyi0 Records of regalecid fishes in Argentine waters. Zootaxa 2509:62-66. (Ref. 85876)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=89583&amp;speccode=16851'>Ministry of Fisheries0 MFish approved species codes - Table 1-4. http://www.fish.govt.nz/en-nz/International/High+Seas+Fishing/MFish+Approved+Species+Codes/MFish+Approved+Species+Codes+01.htm?wbc_purpose=Basic%2526WBCMODE (Ref. 89583)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=90062&amp;speccode=16851'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062)</reference>
	<reference isbn='9782856536673' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=92949&amp;speccode=16851'>Roberts, T.R.0 Systematics, biology, and distribution of the species of the oceanic oarfish genus &lt;i&gt;Regalecus&lt;/i&gt; (Teleostei, Lampridiformes, Regalecidae). Paris: Mémoires du Muséum national d'histoire naturelle Tome 202, 268 p. (Ref. 92949)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=95632&amp;speccode=16851'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=101110&amp;speccode=16851'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=115257&amp;speccode=16851'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=118272&amp;speccode=16851'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272)</reference>
	<reference isbn='978-92-5-133094-4' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=123424&amp;speccode=16851'>Sutton, T.T., P.A. Hulley, R. Wienerroither, D. Zaera-Perez and J.R. Paxton0 Identification guide to the mesopelagic fishes of the central and south east Atlantic Ocean. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. Rome: FAO, xvi+327 p. (Ref. 123424)</reference>
	<reference isbn='1849954984' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=128868&amp;speccode=16851'>Beolens, B., M. Grayson and M. Watkins0 Eponym dictionary of Fishes. 	Dunbeath, Caithness (Scotland, UK): Whittles Publishing Limited, 1300 p. (Ref. 128868)</reference><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Cristina V. Garilao</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1996-03-05 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-08-19 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Rare species, known from only seven specimens.  Occurs in the open ocean habitat (Ref. 4171). Found only in the southern oceans from 25°S to 59°S. Apparently also capable of autotomy, unique amongst lampridiforms.  Early life history stages (eggs and larvae) unknown. Predators, prey, and parasites unknown (Ref. 92949).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4171&amp;speccode=16851'>Heemstra, P.C. 1986 Regalecidae. p. 403. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4171)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dcterms:created>1997-01-02 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>John E. Randall</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=16851</dc:source>
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	<dc:description>Distinguished in having just 6 to 9 gill rakers on the first gill arch, 8 to 11 pectoral fin rays, and just 2 caudal fin rays. Start of the dorsal fin having 1 to 3 simple elongated rays, apparently never ornamented; not forming a single or double crest but are membranously joined to each other as well as to the dorsal fin. No cristophore.  Head is shallow, with gently sloping snout. (Ref. 92949).  Body silvery in color.  Dorsal fin rose-colored and with more than 400 soft rays (Ref. 4171).  Opercular bones well-developed.  Small, protrusible mouth, without visible teeth; premaxilla extending forward along dorsal profile of head; axis of maxilla oblique.  Skin of fragmented body naked, studded with numerous hard tubercles.  Lateral line runs along sides consisting of a chain of oblong plates to form a continuous tube (Ref. 43600).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4171&amp;speccode=16851'>Heemstra, P.C. 1986 Regalecidae. p. 403. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4171)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>Dorsal spines (total): 27;  Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 0</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4171&amp;speccode=16851'>Heemstra, P.C. 1986 Regalecidae. p. 403. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4171)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>Southern Oceans:  collected relatively neaer the surface over or near the continental slope of New Zealand, Australia (with Tasmania), southern Namibia, and Argentina (including Falkland Is or Malvinias.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='9782856536673' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=92949&amp;speccode=16851'>Roberts, T.R. 2012 Systematics, biology, and distribution of the species of the oceanic oarfish genus &lt;i&gt;Regalecus&lt;/i&gt; (Teleostei, Lampridiformes, Regalecidae). Paris: Mémoires du Muséum national d'histoire naturelle Tome 202, 268 p. (Ref. 92949)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>fisheries: of no interest</dc:description>
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	<dc:description>300 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 4171))</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4171&amp;speccode=16851'>Heemstra, P.C. 1986 Regalecidae. p. 403. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4171)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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