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<taxon>
	<dc:identifier>FB-1729</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1729</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Anguilliformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Muraenidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Muraena</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Muraena helena Linnaeus, 1758</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='no'>Spiritist</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pl'>Bulawik ostronosy</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pl'>Bulawik strzalka</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Lagartixa</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Lagartixa-do-mar</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Pagra</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Praia</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Rato bicudo</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='sq'>Granadieri bishtgjatë</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='sq'>Granadieri njollazi</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='sq'>Granathedhësi fytzi</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ar'>Lama</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='da'>Sortplettet langhale</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='da'>Sortplettet Skolæst</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='de'>Hohlschnauzen-Seeratte</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Blackspot grenadier</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Hollow-nosed rattail</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Hollowsnout grenadier</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Hollow-snout rat-tail</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Longnose grenadier</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Saddled Grenadier</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Saddled grenadier</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='et'>Korgas-torukärss</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='et'>Torukärss</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Grenadier à long nez</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Grenadier à points noirs</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Grenadier raton</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='hr'>Miš</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='is'>Trjónuhali</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='it'>Cipodda</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='it'>Pesce sorcio</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='it'>Pesce sorice</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='it'>Pisci surici</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='it'>Pisci surici 'i menz'acqua</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='it'>Puerche</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='it'>Rattin</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='it'>Ssorgie</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='it'>Urgiolu</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ja'>Fuda-sokodara</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='mt'>Gurdien tal-fond</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='tr'>Fare balığı</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Granadero acorazado</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Granadero tristón</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Pez rata</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Grenadier</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Titulot xato</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Ανοιχτόρυγχος γρεναδιέρος</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Κορδέλλα</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>真腔吻鱈</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>真腔吻鳕</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>長吻腔吻鱈</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>长吻腔吻鳕</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Caelorhynchus caelorhynchus (Risso, 1810)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Caelorinchus caelorhincus (Risso, 1810)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Caelorinchus caelorhincus caelorhincus (Risso, 1810)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Caelorinchus caelorhincus carminatus (Goode, 1880)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Caelorinchus caelorinchus caelorinchus (Risso, 1810)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Caelorinchus carminatus (Goode, 1880)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Coelorhinchus caelorhinchus (Risso, 1810)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='ambiguous synonym'>Coelorhinchus laville Giorna, 1805</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Coelorhynchus atlanticus (Lowe, 1839)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Coelorhynchus carminatus (Goode, 1880)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Coelorhynchus coelorhynchus (Risso, 1810)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Coelorhynchus coelorhynchus coelorhynchus (Risso, 1810)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Coelorhynchus coelorhyncus carminatus (Goode, 1880)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Coelorinchus caelorhinchus (Risso, 1810)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Coelorinchus carminatus (Goode, 1880)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Coelorinchus coelorhinchus (Risso, 1810)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Coelorinchus coelorhincus (Risso, 1810)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Coelorinchus coelorhincus carminatus (Goode, 1880)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='ambiguous synonym'>Coelorinchus laville Giorna, 1809</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Lepidoleprus caelorhincus Risso, 1810</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Macrourus atlanticus Lowe, 1839</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Macrourus rupestris (non Bloch, 1786)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Macrurus carminatus Goode, 1880</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Macrurus coelorhynchus (Risso, 1810)</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-22</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-07-19</dcterms:modified>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.fishbase.us/collaborators/CollaboratorSummary.php?id=823' logoURL='' role='photographer'> FAO</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1997-05-08</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>1997-05-08</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
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	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged</dc:rights>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
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	<dc:identifier>FB-GeneralDescr-1726</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Christine Papasissi</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-22 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-01-22 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1726</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology</subject>
	<dc:description>Found commonly in about 200-500 m.  Feeds on a variety of benthic organisms, such as polychaetes, gastropods, cephalopods, numerous crustacean groups (copepods, gammarians, isopods, cumaceans, Natantia) and fish.  Minimum depth range taken from Ref. 1371.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1371&amp;speccode=1726'>Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-DiagnosticDescr-1726</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='https://sites.google.com/site/itsaboutfish/home#' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Rodolfo B. Reyes</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1994-03-02 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2001-01-18 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1726</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>Eyes large; snout short, moderately pointed, its anterolateral margin incompletely supported by bone.  Head ridges strong but with rather fine spinules; terminal snout scute trifid, wider than long, small and blunt to large and pointed, with a terminal and two lateral arms of about equal size.  Underside of the snout naked medially.  Light organ large, a black naked fossa between and slightly anterior to the pelvic fin bases.  Overall color is pale grayish-brown to swarthy, with a series of broad saddle marks in some; oral cavity pale to dark (Ref. 1371).  Spiny fin ray of first dorsal fin with a smooth and rounded leading edge (Ref. 35388).</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
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	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1371&amp;speccode=1726'>Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Morphology-1726</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
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	<agent homepage='https://sites.google.com/site/itsaboutfish/home#' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Rodolfo B. Reyes</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1994-03-02 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2001-01-18 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1726</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Dorsal spines (total): 0;  Analspines: 0</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1371&amp;speccode=1726'>Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-1726</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Christine Papasissi</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-22 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2026-02-03 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1726</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>Northeast Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea.  A loose sort of southern limit for Caelorinchus caelorhincus caelorhincus is probably around Cape Verde; most specimens south and to the east into the Gulf of Guinea are likely to be Caelorinchus caelorhincus geronimoi (Iwamoto 1997, pers. Comm.).  Northwest Atlantic:  Canada (Ref. 5951).</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
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	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1371&amp;speccode=1726'>Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Uses-1726</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Christine Papasissi</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-22 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-01-22 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Importance</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1726</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>fisheries: minor commercial; price category: medium; price reliability: very questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this family</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1371&amp;speccode=1726'>Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-TrophicStrategy-1726</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Pascualita Sa-a</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1995-09-19 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2007-12-20 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>caelorhincus</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Benthopelagic species (Ref. 1371) found at depth ranges of 90-1250 m (usually 200-500 m) (Ref. 57059).  Found commonly in about 200-500 m.  Feeds on a variety of benthic organisms, such as polychaetes, gastropods, cephalopods, numerous crustacean groups (copepods, gammarians, isopods, cumaceans, Natantia) and fish.</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1371&amp;speccode=1726'>Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-1726</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Christine Papasissi</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-22 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-01-22 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1726</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>48.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 5951)); max. reported age: 10 years (Ref. 58045)</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5951&amp;speccode=1726'>Scott, W.B. and M.G. Scott 1988 Atlantic fishes of Canada. Can. Bull. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 219:731 p. (Ref. 5951)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58045&amp;speccode=1726'>Massuti, E., B. Morales-Nin and C. Stefanescu 1995 Distribution and biology of five grenadier fish (Pisces: Macrouridae) from the upper and middle slope of the northwestern Mediterranean. Deep-Sea Research 42(3):307-330. (Ref. 58045)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-1726</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Christine Papasissi</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-22 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-01-22 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1726</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>benthopelagic; non-migratory; marine; depth range 90 - 1485 m (Ref. 104125), usually 200 - 500 m (Ref. 1371)</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=104125&amp;speccode=1726'>Goren, M. and B.S. Galil 2015 A checklist of the deep sea fishes of the Levant Sea, Mediterranean Sea. Zootaxa 3994(4):507-530. (Ref. 104125)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1371&amp;speccode=1726'>Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371)</reference></dataObject>
</taxon>
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