FB-1948 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1948 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Carangiformes Carangidae Pseudocaranx Pseudocaranx chilensis (Guichenot, 1848) Duhay Pampano Halva-siah Falso-pampo Khumba Manteiga Peixe manteiga Thanha Swart pomfret Duai hitam Halwaya Halwayah Halwayuh Hail chanda Rup chada হাইল চানদা Dalupani Lawihan Marapini Tarakitok Kyae-nga-mote-mae Nga-mote-mae Nga-yuzana thanbu Samin-samin Sort pomfret Black batfish Black pomfret Black Pomfret Black pompano Blue skate Brown pomfret Butterfish Chinese pomfret False butterfish Halibut Pomfret Slade Sweep Turbot Formio Castagnoline noire Adadio Halwa અડડયૉ હલવા  Ilak Gebel Kuro-aji-modoki Kuroaji-modoki Thondrotte ತೊಂದೆ ರೊಟ್ಟ    Halwa Pyǒng-ch'i-mae-ga-ri 병치매가리 Avoli Karauthakoli Karuvolli Vellavoli അവോലി കരുവോലി കരുവോളി കറുത്താകോലി കറുത്താവോലി വെള്ളാവോലി Halwa हळवा Bawal dapor Bawal hitam Bawal selatan Bawal tambak Bawar Dorang Dueh hitam Or chiow Rayah Tambak dapor Kipela формио Soor yaxaas Halua Kihalua Kuku Kuku-maji Nyangushi Svart pomfret Karuvaval Vavval Vellaivaval வெள்ளை வாவல் கருவாவல் வாவல் Chanduva Nallachanduva Thellachanduva చందువా చందువా  తెల్లచందువా  నెల్లచందువా  నెల్లచందువా   Damis lawin Duhay Pampano Pampanung riyal Cá Chim đen Palometa negra Ampahan Apahan Bawai itam Bawal hitam Bawal tambak Hēi chāng Istah timbang Kalu vavuvalaya Kambung-kambung Kara vali Kawatsi Lambiyan Lison Manarabotry Manganinao Manriwasa leleng Netopirski trnobok Sabel-sabel Sandatan Talapion Tarokotokan Tarotokan Tawa-ay Tayang-tayang Tikilid Trakito Wū chāng Wū lún tóu 三角昌 乌昌 乌鲳 乌鲹 似乌鲳 似烏鯧 昌鼠鱼 烏鯧 烏鰺 Apolectis niger (Bloch, 1795) Apolectus niger (Bloch, 1795) Citula halli Evermann & Seale, 1907 Formio niger (Bloch, 1795) Parastromaeus niger Bloch, 1795 Stromateus niger Bloch, 1795 Temnodon inornatus Kuhl & van Hasselt, 1851 1990-11-10 2013-07-12 ASIH (American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists)0 Ontogeny and systematics of fishes. 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(Ref. 137577) FB-pic-1947-8452 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-02-14 2000-04-05 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1947 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Panig_u4.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Panig_u4.jpg FB-pic-1947-8453 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-02-14 2000-04-05 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1947 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat market http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Panig_u5.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Panig_u5.jpg FB-pic-1947-11955 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1996-09-17 1997-04-13 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1947 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Panig_u1.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Panig_u1.gif FB-GeneralDescr-1947 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-11-10 00:00:00 2013-07-12 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1947 Adults inhabit coastal areas with muddy substrate. Found near the bottom during daytime and near the surface at night. They also enter estuaries (Ref. 1479). Normally form large schools (Ref. 5213). Swim on its side near the surface (Ref. 3197). Feed on zooplankton (Ref. 30573). Excellent food fish (Ref. 3197); marketed fresh, may be dried or salted (Ref. 5284). Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen and J.E. Hanley 1989 Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p. (Ref. 7300) FB-DiagnosticDescr-1947 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1992-04-14 00:00:00 1997-02-05 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1947 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Deep-bodied and strongly compressed fishes. Lateral line ends in weakly-developed scutes on the caudal peduncle. Pelvic fins lost in individuals over 9 cm. Color is brown above, silvery-white below. The anterior parts of the dorsal and anal fins bluish-gray. The other fins yellowish. Munro, I.S.R. 1967 The fishes of New Guinea. Department of Agriculture, Stock and Fisheries, Port Moresby, New Guinea. 651 p. FB-Morphology-1947 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1992-04-14 00:00:00 1997-02-05 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1947 Dorsal spines (total): 2 - 6; Dorsal soft rays (total): 41 - 46; Analspines: 2; Analsoft rays: 35 - 40; Vertebrae: 24 Munro, I.S.R. 1967 The fishes of New Guinea. Department of Agriculture, Stock and Fisheries, Port Moresby, New Guinea. 651 p. FB-Distribution-1947 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-11-10 00:00:00 2025-09-11 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1947 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Indo-West Pacific: East Africa to southern Japan and Australia. Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene 1990 Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 506 p. (Ref. 2334) FB-Uses-1947 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-11-10 00:00:00 2013-07-12 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1947 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats fisheries: highly commercial; price category: high; price reliability: reliable: based on ex-vessel price for this species FAO 1992 FAO yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 70: 1990. FAO Fish. Ser. 38:647 p. (Ref. 4931) FB-Migration-1947 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-11-10 00:00:00 2013-07-12 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1947 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Amphidromous. Refers to fishes that regularly migrate between freshwater and the sea (in both directions), but not for the purpose of breeding, as in anadromous and catadromous species. Sub-division of diadromous. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.Characteristic elements in amphidromy are: reproduction in fresh water, passage to sea by newly hatched larvae, a period of feeding and growing at sea usually a few months long, return to fresh water of well-grown juveniles, a further period of feeding and growing in fresh water, followed by reproduction there (Ref. 82692). Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) FB-TrophicStrategy-1947 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 2000-06-02 00:00:00 2008-11-26 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public niger http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Pelagic species which occurs in inshore waters of the continental shelf (Ref. 75154). Sommer, C., W. Schneider and J.-M. Poutiers 1996 FAO species identification field guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of Somalia. FAO, Rome. 376 p. (Ref. 30573) FB-Size-1947 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-11-10 00:00:00 2013-07-12 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1947 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology 75.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 5284)) Sousa, M.I. and M. Dias 1981 Catálogo de peixes de Moçambique - Zona Sul. Instituto de Desenvolvimento Pesqueiro, Maputo. 121 p. (Ref. 5284) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Diseases-1947-323 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2003-03-06 00:00:00 2003-03-06 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=1947&StockCode=2143 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Capillaria Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and A.B.A. Ahmed 2002 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of Bangladesh. FAO Fish. Tech. Paper (T369/1), 77 p. (Ref. 42533) FB-Diseases-1947-194 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2003-03-06 00:00:00 2003-03-06 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=1947&StockCode=2143 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Lecithocladium Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and A.B.A. Ahmed 2002 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of Bangladesh. FAO Fish. Tech. Paper (T369/1), 77 p. (Ref. 42533) FB-Diseases-1947-516 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-10-07 00:00:00 2002-10-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=1947&StockCode=2143 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Lecithocladium Infestation 2. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Habitat-1947 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-11-10 00:00:00 2013-07-12 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=1947 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat reef-associated; amphidromous (Ref. 51243); brackish; marine; depth range 15 - 105 m (Ref. 12260), usually 15 - 40 m (Ref. 54702) Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) Pauly, D., A. Cabanban and F.S.B. Torres Jr. 1996 Fishery biology of 40 trawl-caught teleosts of western Indonesia. p. 135-216. In D. Pauly and P. Martosubroto (eds.) Baseline studies of biodiversity:the fish resource of western Indonesia. ICLARM Studies and Reviews 23. (Ref. 12260) FAO-FIGIS 2001 A world overview of species of interest to fisheries. Chapter: Parastromateus niger. Retrieved on 21 June 2005, from www.fao.org/figis/servlet/species?fid=3127. 2p. FIGIS Species Fact Sheets. Species Identification and Data Programme-SIDP, FAO-FIGIS (Ref. 54702)