FB-2034 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2034 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Cichliformes Cichlidae Oreochromis Oreochromis alcalicus (Hilgendorf, 1905) Common Natron tilapia Lake Natron tilapia Natron tilapia Natroni orekroom Natroni soodatilaapia Soodatilapia 阿尔卡口孵非鲫阿爾卡口孵非鯽 Alcolapia alcalica (Hilgendorf, 1905) Alcolapia alcalicus (Hilgendorf, 1905) Oreochromis alcalica (Hilgendorf, 1905) Oreochromis alcalicus alcalicus (Hilgendorf, 1905) Sarotherodon alcalica (Hilgendorf, 1905) Sarotherodon alcalicum alcalicum (Hilgendorf, 1905) Tilapia alcalica Hilgendorf, 1905 1990-12-19 2024-01-22 Trewavas, E.0 Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2) Post, A.0 Vergleichende Untersuchungen der Chromosomenzahlen bei Süßwasser-Teleosteern. Z. Zool. Syst. Evol.-Forsch. 3:47-93. (Ref. 2220) Palomares, M.L.D.0 La consommation de nourriture chez les poissons: étude comparative, mise au point d'un modèle prédictif et application à l'étude des réseaux trophiques. Thèse de Doctorat, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse, 211 p. (Ref. 2939) Kornfield, I.0 Descriptive genetics of cichlid fishes. p. 591-616. In B.J. Turner (ed.) Evolutionary genetics of fishes. Plenum Publishing Corporation, New York. (Ref. 3878) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) Eccles, D.H.0 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Tanzania. Prepared and published with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (project URT/87/016). FAO, Rome. 145 p. (Ref. 4967) Trewavas, E. and G.G. Teugels0 Oreochromis. p. 307-346. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Checklist of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 5166) IUCN0 1994 IUCN red list of threatened animals. International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, U.K. (Ref. 6376) Majumdar, K.C. and B.J. McAndrew0 Relative DNA content of somatic nuclei and chromosomal studies in three genera, Tilapia, Sarotherodon, and Oreochromis of the tribe Tilapiini (Pisces, Cichlidae). Genetica. 68(3):175-188. (Ref. 8979) Lindsey, C.C.0 Form, function and locomotory habits in fish. p. 1-100. In W. S. Hoar and D. J. Randall (eds.) Fish Physiology VII. Academic Press, New York. (Ref. 9574) Coe, M.J.0 The biology of Tilapia grahami Boulenger in Lake Magadi, Kenya. Acta Tropica 23:146-177. (Ref. 11288) Albrecht, H.0 Fische in Schlamm und Soda. Buntbarsche (Tilapia grahami) aus dem Magadisee. Aquar. Mag. 1967(8):316-324. (Ref. 11289) Vareschi, E.0 The ecology of Lake Nakuru (Kenya). II. Biomass and spatial distribution of fish (Tilapia grahami Boulenger = Sarotherodon alcalicus grahami Boulenger). Oecologia 37:321-335. (Ref. 11290) Palomares, M.L.D.0 La consommation de nourriture chez les poissons: étude comparative, mise au point d'un modèle prédictif et application à l'étude des réseaux trophiques. Thèse de Doctorat, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse, 211 p. (Ref. 12676) Anonymous0 Fish registrations within the museum database of the Vertebrate Section of the Royal Museum for Central Africa. MRAC, Tervuren, Belgium. (Ref. 12818) Eschmeyer, W.N.0 PISCES. Eschmeyer's PISCES database as published on the Internet in June 1997, URL: gopher://gopher.calacademy.org:640/7. (Ref. 12965) Swedish Museum of Natural History0 Fish collection database of the Naturhistoriska riksmuseet (Swedish Museum of Natural History). Ichthyology Section, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden. (Ref. 31402) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museums of Kenya. National Museums of Kenya, P.O. Box 40658, Nairobi, Kenya. (Ref. 31740) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982) Seegers, L. and H. Tichy0 The Oreochromis alcalicus flock (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from lakes Natron and Magadi, Tanzania and Kenya, with descriptions of two new species. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 10(2):97-146. (Ref. 32272) Seegers, L., R. Sonnenberg and R. Yamamoto0 Molecular analysis of the Alcolapia flock from lakes Natron and Magadi, Tanzania and Kenya (Teleostei: Cichlidae), and implications for their systematics and evolution. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 10(2):175-199. (Ref. 33477) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414) Varjo, M., L. Koli and H. Dahlström0 Kalannimiluettelo (versio 10/03). Suomen Biologian Seura Vanamo Ry. (Ref. 51086) Seegers, L., L. De Vos and D.O. Okeyo0 Annotated checklist of the freshwater fishes of Kenya (excluding the lacustrine haplochromines from Lake Victoria). J. E. Afr. Nat. Hist. 92:11-47. (Ref. 52331) Okeyo, D.O.0 Taxonomy, common names and distribution of fish in the eastern arm of the Rift Valley drainage, Kenya. p. 250-266. In M.L.D. Palomares, B. Samb, T. Diouf, J.M. Vakily and D. Pauly (eds.) Fish biodiversity: local studies as basis for global inferences. ACP-EU Fish. Res. Rep. 14:281 p. (Ref. 52871) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis, 29 April 2008. (Ref. 75549) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110) eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471) Termeki on Eesti Keele Instituudi0 Termeki on Eesti Keele Instituudi. http://term.eki.ee/termbase/view/7351963/ (Ref. 105574) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272) Genner, M.J., G.F. Turner and B.P. Ngatunga0 A guide to the tilapia fishes of Tanzania. Martin J. Genner, George F. Turner and Benjamin P. Ngatunga, August 2018. 29 p. (Ref. 118638) Ford, A.G.P., T.R. Bullen, L. Pang, M.J. Genner, R. Bills, T. Flouri, B.P. Ngatunga, L. Rüber, U.K. Schliewen, O. Seehausen, A. Shechonge, M.L.J. Stiassny, G.F. Turner and J.J. Day0 Molecular phylogeny of Oreochromis (Cichlidae: Oreochromini) reveals mito-nuclear discordance and multiple colonisation of adverse aquatic environments. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 136:215-226. (Ref. 126093) FB-pic-2034-13875 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1997-03-19 1997-03-19 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2034 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Oralc_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Oralc_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-2034 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-12-19 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2034 Occurs at a temperature range of 30-32°C (Ref. 2). It feeds actively in the early morning; mainly on algae as well as copepods and dipterous larvae (Ref. 2). A maternal mouthbrooder: males excavate pits in the substrate in shallow water (Ref. 2, 118638). The species is occasionally caught as a food fish in its natural range; although it attains a small size, its tolerance of hostile environments may make it suitable for culture in high salinity environments; potential as an aquarium fish (Ref. 118638). Classed as endangered, due to its restricted distribution (Ref. 118638). Seegers, L. and H. Tichy 1999 The Oreochromis alcalicus flock (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from lakes Natron and Magadi, Tanzania and Kenya, with descriptions of two new species. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 10(2):97-146. (Ref. 32272) FB-DiagnosticDescr-2034 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-12-19 00:00:00 2018-10-04 17:03:04 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2034 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Diagnosis: A small elongated species with a terminal mouth (Ref. 118638). Mature males have dark-edged dorsal and anal fins, iridescent blue-white spots on flanks, white lower lips, and a spotted caudal fin with a pink edge; they appear to be colour polymorphic, with some males having yellow bellies and throats, while others are blue white: both morphs can be found in the same location and the colours are stable in aquarium-held specimens, suggesting it is a true polymorphism and not related to reproductive state (Ref. 118638). Females and non-territorial males are sandy-coloured, pale ventrally, sometimes with faint vertical bars (Ref. 118638).Description: Mature females with an overall golden hue; males with the flanks a pale blue and the lateral parts of the lower lip swollen and brilliant; in full color the blue spots on the scales become iridescent (Ref. 2). The genital papilla is conical, prominent and yellow in the mature male, less prominent, but swollen in the mature female (Ref. 2). Scale rows on cheeks 3-4 (Ref. 2). Preorbital bone with only 4 pores and no scales (Ref.4967). Trewavas, E. 1983 Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2) FB-Morphology-2034 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-12-19 00:00:00 2018-10-04 17:03:04 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2034 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Dorsal spines (total): 9 - 13; Dorsal soft rays (total): 11 - 15; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 9 - 11; Vertebrae: 27 - 30 Trewavas, E. 1983 Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2) FB-Distribution-2034 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-12-19 00:00:00 2019-02-04 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2034 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Africa: known only from the catchment of Lake Natron, Tanzania and Kenya (Ref. 2, 5166, 118638). Genner, M.J., G.F. Turner and B.P. Ngatunga 2018 A guide to the tilapia fishes of Tanzania. Martin J. Genner, George F. Turner and Benjamin P. Ngatunga, August 2018. 29 p. (Ref. 118638) FB-LifeCycle-2034 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-12-19 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=2034&StockCode=2231 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Early in the morning before taking possession of their pits, the males feed on slimy algal growths-noisily; sexual activity is greater after noon than before; young male may build a small pit around that of a larger male and mate there with a small female (Ref. 2). Males prepare and guard nests, while females migrate from one nest to another; males guard the nest against juveniles of their own species and other species which feed on the fertilized eggs which fall from the mouth of the female mouth brooder (Ref. 11288). Also Ref. 118638. Trewavas, E. 1983 Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2) FB-TrophicStrategy-2034 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-02-07 00:00:00 1998-10-02 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ alcalicus This species inhabits waters rich in sodium and chlorides with temperatures 16-40°C (Ref. 11287). Female is a mouth brooder which migrates from nest to nest while the male prepares the nest waiting for the female to deposit her eggs. Males defend the nest from juveniles and other species which feed on the eggs which fall from the female's mouth (Ref. 11288). Being strictly herbivores, the species survives on algae, mainly of the family Cyanophycea. The juveniles are carnivores feeding on invertebrates, eggs and larvae. Maximum feeding activity occurs at night (Ref. 11289). Very little is known about the growth of this fish. Trewavas, E. 1983 Tilapiine fishes of the genera Sarotherodon, Oreochromis and Danakilia. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2) FB-Size-2034 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-12-19 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2034 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size 11.6 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 32272)) Seegers, L. and H. Tichy 1999 The Oreochromis alcalicus flock (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from lakes Natron and Magadi, Tanzania and Kenya, with descriptions of two new species. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 10(2):97-146. (Ref. 32272) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-2034 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-12-19 00:00:00 2024-01-22 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2034 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat benthopelagic; freshwater