FB-2045 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2045 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Cichliformes Cichlidae Oreochromis Oreochromis lidole (Trewavas, 1941) Mørk vingecichlide Dole Chambo Chambo cha blue Chambo chachimuna Galamula Lidole Muhadjiri Chambu Lolo 利多孵非鯽 利多孵非鲫 Sarotherodon lidole (Trewavas, 1941) Tilapia chungruruensis (non Ahl, 1924) Tilapia lidole Trewavas, 1941 Tilapia squamipinnis (non Günther, 1864) 1990-12-20 2018-11-29 Trewavas, E.0 Tilapiine fishes of the genera <i>Sarotherodon</i>, <i>Oreochromis</i> and <i>Danakilia</i>. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2) Lowe-McConnell, R.H.0 Tilapias in fish communities. p. 83-113. In R.S.V. Pullin and R. H. Lowe-McConnell (eds.) The biology and culture of tilapias. ICLARM Conf. Proc. 7. 432 p. (Ref. 87) Noakes, D.G.L. and E.K. Balon0 Life histories of tilapias: an evolutionary perspective. p. 61-82. In R.S.V. Pullin and R.H. Lowe-McConnell (eds.) The biology and culture of tilapias. ICLARM Conf. Proc. 7. (Ref. 164) Mortimer, M.A.E.0 Observations on the biology of <i>Tilapia andersonii</i> (Castelnau), (Pisces, Cichlidae) in Northern Rhodesia. Jnt. Fish. Res. Org. Annu. Rep. 9(1959):42-67. (Ref. 314) Ahl, E.0 Über einen neuen Cichliden aus Ost-Afrika. Zool. Anz. 59(1-2):86-87. (Ref. 1820) Turner, G.F., A.S. Grimm, O.K. Mhone, R.L. Robinson and T.J. Pitcher0 The diet of <i>Oreochromis lidole</i> (Trewavas) and other chambo species in Lakes Malawi and Malombe. J. Fish Biol. 39(1):15-24. (Ref. 2218) Lowe, R.H.0 Report on the <i>Tilapia</i> and other fish and fisheries of Lake Nyasa 1945-47. Col. Off. Fish. Publs. 1(2):1-126. (Ref. 2781) Boulenger, G.A.0 Catalogue of the fresh-water fishes of Africa in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume III. Printed by order of the Trustees, London. 526 p. (Ref. 2989) Jackson, P.B.N.0 Check list of the fishes of Nyasaland. The National Museum of Southern Rhodesia. Occasional Papers 3(25B). (Ref. 4364) Turner, G.F.0 The biology of chambo and consideration of other species important to the fishery. Chambo Fisheries Research Project Workshop. GOM/FAO/UNDP Project, MLW/86/013 Technical Summary Paper 2. (Ref. 4746) Jackson, P.B.N., T.D. Iles, D. Harding and G. Fryor0 Report on the survey of northern Lake Nyasa 1954-55 by the joint Fisheries Research Organization. Printed and published by the Government Printer Zomba, Nyasaland. (Ref. 4916) Eccles, D.H.0 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Tanzania. Prepared and published with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (project URT/87/016). FAO, Rome. 145 p. (Ref. 4967) Trewavas, E. and G.G. Teugels0 Oreochromis. p. 307-346. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Checklist of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 5166) Konings, A.0 Ad Konings's book of cichlids and all the other fishes of Lake Malawi. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. 495 p. (Ref. 5595) Seisay, M.B.D., N.P. van Zalinge and G.F. Turner0 Population dynamics and stock estimates of chambo (<i>Oreochromis</i> spp.) in the south east arm of Lake Malawi and Lake Malombe - length based approach. GOM/UNDP/FAO Chambo Fisheries Research Project, Malawi. FAO FI:DP/MLW/86/013, Fld. Doc. 19:30 p. (Ref. 5747) Banda, M.C.0 Age and growth parameters of chambo (<i>Oreochromis</i> spp.) in the southeast arm of of Lake Malawi, as determined from opercular bones. GOM/UNDP/FAO Chambo Fisheries Research Project, Malawi. FAO FI:DP/MLW/86/013, Fld. Doc. 20:31 p. (Ref. 6149) Turner, G.F. and N.C. Mwanyama0 Distribution and biology of chambo (<i>Oreochromis</i> spp.) in Lake Malawi and Malombe. GOM/UNDP/FAO Chambo Fisheries Research Project, Malawi. FAO FI:DP/MLW/86/013, Fld. Doc. 21:26 p. (Ref. 6150) Robinson, R.L., G.F. Turner, A.S. Grimm and T.J. Pitcher0 An experimental study of phytoplankton feeding in three tilapiine cichlids. J. Fish Biol. 46(3):449-456. (Ref. 10402) Ufermann, A., R. Allgayer and M. Geerts (eds.)0 Cichlid catalogue (Pisces, Perciformes, Cichlidae Bonaparte, 1840). Vol. 1. Alphabetical catalogue of the cichlid fishes. Mr. Robert Allgayer, 15 rue des Hirondelles, 67350 Dauendorf, France. 1987:i-xv, 439 p. (Ref. 13271) Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982) Nsiku, E.0 Changes in the fisheries of Lake Malawi, 1976-1996: ecosystem-based analysis. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. 217 p. M.Sc. thesis. (Ref. 33486) McKaye, K.R. and J.R. Stauffer Jr.0 Seasonality, depth and habitat distribution of breeding males of <i>Oreochromis</i> spp., 'chambo', in Lake Malawi National Park. J. Fish Biol. 33(6):825-834. (Ref. 35785) Turner, G.F., T.J. Pitcher and A.S. Grimm0 Identification of the Lake Malawi <i>Oreochromis (Nyasalapia)</i> spp. using multivariate morphometric techniques. J. Fish Biol. 35(6):799-812. (Ref. 40180) Turner, G.F., J. Witimani, R.L. Robinson, A.S. Grimm and T.J. Pitcher0 Reproductive isolation and the nest sites of Lake Malawi chambo, <i>Oreochromis (Nyasalapia)</i> spp. J. Fish Biol. 39(6):775-782. (Ref. 40193) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414) Robinson, R.L., G.F. Turner, A.S. Grimm and T.J. Pitcher0 A comparison of the ingestion rates of three tilapia species fed on a small planktonic alga. J. Fish Biol. 36(2):269-270. (Ref. 42295) Sodsuk, P.K., B.J. McAndrew and G.F. Turner0 Evolutionary relationships of the lake Malawi <i>Oreochromis</i> species: evidence from allozymes. J. Fish Biol. 47(2):321-333. (Ref. 44514) Hulot, A.0 Le régime alimentaire des poissons du centre africain. Intérêt éventuel de ces poissons en vue d'une zootechnie économique au Congo belge. Bull. Agric. Congo Belge 41(1):145-176. (Ref. 45483) Ricardo Bertram, C.K., H.J.H. Borley and E. Trewavas0 Report on the fish and fisheries of Lake Nyasa. The Crown Agents for the Colonies, London, 181p. (Ref. 52161) Ambali, A., H. Kabwazi, L. Malekano, G. Mwale, D. Chimwaza, J. Ingainga, N. Makimoto, S. Nakayama, M. Yuma and Y. Kada0 Relationship between local and scientific names of fishes in Lake Malawi/Nyasa. Afr. Stud. Monogr. (22)3:123-154. (Ref. 53836) Thys van den Audenaerde, D.F.E.0 An annotated bibliography of Tilapia (Pisces, Cichlidae). Mus. R. Afr. Cent., Doc. Zool. 14, 406p. (Ref. 54357) Trewavas, E.0 Tilapiine fishes from crater-lakes north of Lake Malawi. Bull. Br. Mus. Nat. Hist. (Zool.) 30(5):149-158. (Ref. 54852) Kapeleta, M.0 Aquaculture development in Malawi: tilapia culture. FAO Fish. Circ. 971:147-176. (Ref. 54856) Turner, G.F. and R.L. Robinson0 Ecology, morphology and taxonomy of the Lake Malawy <i>Oreochromis (Nyasalapia)</i> species flock. Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Sc. Zool., 262:23-28. (Ref. 55079) Trewavas, E.0 Nyasa fishes of the genus <i>Tilapia</i> and a new species from Portuguese East Africa. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 11, 7(2):294-306. (Ref. 55427) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) Lowe, R.H.0 Observations on the biology of <i>Tilapia nilotica</i> Linné in East African waters. Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr. 57(1-2):129-170. (Ref. 59157) Thys van den Audenaerde, D.F.E.0 La distribution géographique des <i>Tilapia</i> au Congo. Bull. Séances Acad. R. Sci. Outre-Mer 9(3):570-605. (Ref. 74387) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110) Shechonge, A., B.P. Ngatunga, S.J. Bradbeer, J.J. Day, J.J. Freer, A.G.P. Ford, J. Kihedu, T. Richmond, S. Mzighani, A.M. Smith, E.A. Sweke, R. Tamatamah, A.M. Tyers, G.F. Turner and M.J. Genner0 Widespread colonisation of Tanzanian catchments by introduced <i>Oreochromis</i> tilapia fishes: the legacy from decades of deliberate introduction. Hydrobiologia (2018). (Ref. 118630) Genner, M.J., G.F. Turner and B.P. Ngatunga0 A guide to the tilapia fishes of Tanzania. Martin J. Genner, George F. Turner and Benjamin P. Ngatunga, August 2018. 29 p. (Ref. 118638) Petersen, P.0 Danish names and photos and other species information. Pers. Comm. (Ref. 130676) FB-pic-2045-13938 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1997-03-24 2010-07-09 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2045 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Orlid_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Orlid_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-2045 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-12-20 00:00:00 2018-11-29 21:20:09 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2045 Occurs in all kinds of habitats but is mainly found in open water away from the coast (Ref. 5595). The most pelagic of the Lake Malawi Oreochromis species (Ref. 2, 87, 4364, 4916, 4967). Forms schools (Ref. 2, 2781). Feeds on phytoplankton (Ref. 2, 87, 5595, 10402, 42295, 52161). Female mouthbrooder (Ref. 2). It is suspected that Oreochromis lidole is now globally extinct, as it has not been positively recorded since 2007 (Ref. 118638). Trewavas, E. and G.G. Teugels 1991 Oreochromis. p. 307-346. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Checklist of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 5166) FB-DiagnosticDescr-2045 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-02-04 00:00:00 2012-11-30 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2045 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Diagnosis: breeding male black; length of head 34.4-42.4% SL; length of lower jaw 31.3-40.0% head length (Ref. 2). Teeth of jaw in 3-4, rarely 5 rows (Ref. 2,6150). Lower pharyngeal bone with restricted toothed area; median length of bone 33.0-40.7 % length of head and 1.3-1.5 times its own width; blade 1.9-3.9 times median length of toothed area (Ref. 2).Description: lower outline of body flat (Ref. 2781). Deepest part of body generally in front of anterior end of dorsal fin (Ref. 2781, 52161, 55427). Head large (Ref. 2781, 4967, 6150, 55079). Relative size of head increases with growth (Ref. 2). Jaws large (Ref. 2781, 55079). Small jaw teeth (Ref. 2) in narrow bands (Ref. 2, 2781, 4967). Reduced dentition, 3-5 regular rows of teeth (Ref. 55079). 2-3 series of scales on cheek, occasionally a few small scales of a 4th row (Ref. 54852). Lower pharyngeal bone long-bladed (Ref. 55079), slender (Ref. 6150), with concave sides (Ref. 2781, 52161, 55427), supporting a small toothed area (Ref. 2781, 6150, 54852, 55079) with very fine teeth (Ref. 54852). Scaly coating of caudal fin rarely obscuring outlines of rays (Ref. 55427).Coloration: ripe male black (Ref. 2, 87, 2781, 4967, 6150, 40193) with white margin to dorsal (Ref. 2, 2781) and often also caudal and anal fins (Ref. 2). Males lose their black coloration in a few seconds on being alarmed, turning a pale grey, often with iridescent greenish or coppery areas on the flanks or head (Ref. 40193). Non-breeding fishes are silver-grey to fawn-grey, darker on the dorsum, with black vertical bars of uneven length from the dorsum to mid-flanks, but these may be dimmed (Ref. 2). Small specimens and females with 5 dark blotches, vertically drawn out, along the side and some with 2 fainter on the caudal peduncle; vaguer markings in a more dorsal row; females without marginal dorsal band; caudal fin clear in small specimens (Ref. 54852). Juveniles are shallow-bodied with a flat belly, possess a Tilapia-mark which is often dumbell-shaped and usually surrounded with yellow pigment, and have a blue sheen and fairly definite vertical black stripes on the body (Ref. 2781). Trewavas, E. 1983 Tilapiine fishes of the genera <i>Sarotherodon</i>, <i>Oreochromis</i> and <i>Danakilia</i>. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2) FB-Morphology-2045 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-02-04 00:00:00 2012-11-30 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2045 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Dorsal spines (total): 14 - 17; Dorsal soft rays (total): 10 - 11; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 8 - 10; Vertebrae: 30 - 32 Trewavas, E. 1983 Tilapiine fishes of the genera <i>Sarotherodon</i>, <i>Oreochromis</i> and <i>Danakilia</i>. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2) FB-Distribution-2045 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-12-20 00:00:00 2019-02-04 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2045 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Africa: Lake Malawi (Ref. 2, 5166, 118630). Reports from Lake Chungruru (Ref. 2, 54852) and Lake Kingiri (Ref. 2, 54852) are misidentifications of Oreochromis chungruruensis and juvenile Oreochromis squamipinnis respectively (Ref. 118638). Shechonge, A., B.P. Ngatunga, S.J. Bradbeer, J.J. Day, J.J. Freer, A.G.P. Ford, J. Kihedu, T. Richmond, S. Mzighani, A.M. Smith, E.A. Sweke, R. Tamatamah, A.M. Tyers, G.F. Turner and M.J. Genner 2018 Widespread colonisation of Tanzanian catchments by introduced <i>Oreochromis</i> tilapia fishes: the legacy from decades of deliberate introduction. Hydrobiologia (2018). (Ref. 118630) FB-Uses-2045 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-12-20 00:00:00 2018-11-29 21:20:09 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2045 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution fisheries: commercial; aquarium: commercial Eccles, D.H. 1992 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Tanzania. Prepared and published with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (project URT/87/016). FAO, Rome. 145 p. (Ref. 4967) Konings, A. 1990 Ad Konings's book of cichlids and all the other fishes of Lake Malawi. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. 495 p. (Ref. 5595) FB-LifeCycle-2045 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-12-20 00:00:00 2018-11-29 21:20:09 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=2045&StockCode=2241 Seems to be sexually mature at a smaller size in Lakes Chungruru and Kingiri than in Lake Malawi (Ref. 2, 54852). Spawns off clean sandy or rocky shores (Ref. 2, 87, 2781) in deeper water (Ref. 2, 87, 2781, 5595, 6150, 40193). Territorial males build a large (Ref. 5595, 40193, 55079) sand-castle nest, with a characteristic spawning cone in its center (Ref. 2, 5595). Females congregate in schools that may number hundreds of individuals (Ref. 2, 2781, 5595). The male genital tassel, which develops together with the breeding dress and imitates a clutch of eggs, is dragged through the nest after the females has deposited some eggs, which are picked up immediately; the female probably mistakes the tassel for eggs that have been forgotten and tries to collect them as well, which results in the eggs being fertilized (Ref. 5595). Females carrying eggs in the mouth move into open, more eutrophic waters, and stay there until the young have almost lost the yolk sac; they feed little during this time (Ref. 2781). Females brood eggs/young, guarding their fry until about 52(-58)mm (Ref. 2, 2781). Females move inshore with their young for at least part of the day; the young are spat out to feed, and food (small phytoplankton) is found in the foregut before the involuted yolk-sac is fully absorbed (Ref. 2781). Trewavas, E. 1983 Tilapiine fishes of the genera <i>Sarotherodon</i>, <i>Oreochromis</i> and <i>Danakilia</i>. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2) FB-TrophicStrategy-2045 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-04-04 00:00:00 2001-11-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ lidole Pelagic species (Ref.4967) Trewavas, E. 1983 Tilapiine fishes of the genera <i>Sarotherodon</i>, <i>Oreochromis</i> and <i>Danakilia</i>. British Mus. Nat. Hist., London, UK. 583 p. (Ref. 2) FB-Size-2045 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-12-20 00:00:00 2018-11-29 21:20:09 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2045 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats 38.0 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 4967)) Eccles, D.H. 1992 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Tanzania. Prepared and published with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (project URT/87/016). FAO, Rome. 145 p. (Ref. 4967) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-2045 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-12-20 00:00:00 2018-11-29 21:20:09 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2045 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution benthopelagic; freshwater; depth range 30 - 100 m (Ref. 4967) Eccles, D.H. 1992 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Tanzania. Prepared and published with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (project URT/87/016). FAO, Rome. 145 p. (Ref. 4967)