FB-219 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=219 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Carangiformes Istiophoridae Kajikia Kajikia albida (Poey, 1860) Makaira smugowa Espadim azul Blou marlyn Kheil Bigok Dugho Malasugi Wahoo Indo-pacifisk blå marlin Blue marlin Blue marlin fish Cuban blue marlin Indo-Pacific blue marlin Indo-pacific blue marlin Indo-Pacific Blue-marlin Marlin Pacific blue marlin saku vorowaqa Empereur Empereur bleu Makaire bleu de I'Indo-Pacifique Makaire bleu indo-pacifique Marlin bleu A'u Manumbok Aburakajiki Kurokajiki Tsun Nok-sae-chi 녹새치 Mersudji Mersuji Mersuji Pasifik biru Puoh hu Ch'joernij marlin Daanbeeri Nduwalo Samsuli Haura Malasugi Marlin Марлин Марлін Cá cè'den Cá Cờ xanh Aguja azul del Indo Pac Aguja azul del Indo-Pacifico Marlín azul Marlin azul del Indo-Pacifico Marlin negro Marlín negro Merlín azul Merlin rayado Pez zuncho Picudo blanco Picudo rollizo Androaro Bwagilum Dol-lakak Empereur Espadron ble Lip-lipan Manombok Marlin Marlin bleu M'Bassi n'dwaro Nil koppara Taghalar Taguraar Tihomorska jadrovnica 丁挽 油旗鱼 蓝枪鱼 藍槍魚 鐵皮丁挽 铁皮 铁皮丁挽 黑皮仔 黑皮旗魚 黑皮旗鱼 Eumakaira nigra Hirasaka & Nakamura, 1947 Istiompax howardi Whitley, 1954 Istiompax mazara (Jordan & Snyder, 1901) Makaira ampla mazara (Jordan & Schneider, 1901) Makaira nigra (Hirasaka & Nakamura, 1947) Makaira nigricans (non Lacepède, 1802) Makaira nigricans mazara (Jordan & Snyder, 1901) Tetrapturus mazara Jordan & Snyder, 1901 1990-10-17 2012-03-06 Nakamura, I.0 FAO species catalogue. 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Oxford. 631 p. (Ref. 101194) Misselis, C.0 La biodiversité du pélagos et du benthos profond dans l'archipel des Australes. p. 69-79 Salvat, B.; Bambridge, T.; Tanret, D.; Petit, J. 2015 Environnement marin des îles Australes, Polynésie française. Institut Récifs Coralliens Pacifique, CRIOBE et The Pew Charitable Trusts Polynésie française. Polynésie française, Tahiti, p. 342. (Ref. 108053) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) University of Western Australia0 Pelagic BRUVS data 2019. Video BRUVS from Jessica Meeuwig. (Ref. 121799) Marčeta, B. and K. Pliberšek (eds)0 BiosWeb. Biological database of the Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia. Ljubljana, Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia, 2014. (www.biosweb.org. updated 13/04/2023). (Ref. 128520) FB-pic-218-4417 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1995-06-02 1998-12-14 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=218 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Mamaz_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Mamaz_u0.gif FB-pic-218-44426 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg Information Center Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences 2006-04-10 2010-07-28 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=218 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Mamaz_u2.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Mamaz_u2.jpg FB-GeneralDescr-218 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-10-27 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=218 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Epipelagic and oceanic species mostly confined to the waters on the warmer side of the 24°C surface isotherm and known to effect seasonal north-south migrations. Not usually seen close to land masses or islands, unless there is a deep drop-off of the shelf. Remain mostly within the upper 37 m. Believed to form small-scale schools of at most 10 individuals. Larger fish tend to swim solitarily (Ref. 43) but smaller ones form schools of about 10 individuals (Ref. 9987). Feed on squids, tuna-like fishes, crustaceans and cephalopods (Ref. 9308). Also caught with troll lines (Ref. 9308). The flesh is of good quality and is marketed frozen and prepared as sashimi and sausages in Japan (Ref. 9308); also utilized fresh (Ref. 9987). Also Ref. 9692. Nakamura, I. 1985 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 5. Billfishes of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of marlins, sailfishes, spearfishes and swordfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(5):65p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 43) FB-DiagnosticDescr-218 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 2002-09-25 00:00:00 2005-12-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=218 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Body elongated and not very compressed; upper jaw produced into a robust but not very long beak; two dorsal fins, the height of the first less then the greatest body depth, short anteriorly, taller in the middle, then becoming shorter posteriorly; pectoral fins falcate and flexible, with 21 to 23 rays; body densely covered with small, embedded scales with 1 or 2 sharp points; back dark blue, with 15 bluish bars across the flanks; belly pale silver; membrane of first dorsal fin blue black, with dark spots (Ref. 55763). Dark blue above, silvery white below; sometimes with light blue vertical stripes; 1st dorsal fin blackish to dark blue, other fins dark brown with tinges of dark blue in some specimens. Body blue-black dorsally and silvery white ventrally, with about 25 pale, cobalt-colored stripes, each consisting of round dots or narrow bars (may not always be visible especially in preserved specimens). Bill long, extremely stout and round in cross section. Nape conspicuously elevated. Right and left branchiostegal membranes completely united together, but free from isthmus. No gill rakers. Body densely covered with elongate, thick, bony scales, each often with 1 or 2, sometimes 3, posterior points. Caudal peduncle with strong double keels on each side and a shallow notch on both the dorsal and ventral surfaces. Nakamura, I. 1985 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 5. Billfishes of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of marlins, sailfishes, spearfishes and swordfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(5):65p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 43) FB-Morphology-218 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 2002-09-25 00:00:00 2005-12-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=218 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Dorsal soft rays (total): 40 - 45; Analsoft rays: 18 - 24; Vertebrae: 24 Nakamura, I. 1985 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 5. Billfishes of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of marlins, sailfishes, spearfishes and swordfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(5):65p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 43) FB-Distribution-218 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2023-09-13 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=218 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Indo-Pacific: in tropical, subtropical and sometimes temperate waters (Ref. 9692). It is the most tropical billfish species and is common in equatorial waters. However, many scientists do not view Makaira mazara and Makaira nigricans as distinct species, and that the latter species has been considered as a single pantropical species occurring in the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans. Highly migratory species. Nakamura, I. 1985 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 5. Billfishes of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of marlins, sailfishes, spearfishes and swordfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(5):65p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 43) FB-Uses-218 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-10-27 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=218 fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes FAO 1992 FAO yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 70: 1990. FAO Fish. Ser. 38:647 p. (Ref. 4931) Nakamura, I. 1985 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 5. Billfishes of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of marlins, sailfishes, spearfishes and swordfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(5):65p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 43) FB-Migration-218 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-10-27 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=218 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. United Nations 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982. United Nations. Retrieved on June 30, 2004, from http://www.un.org/Depts/los/convention_agreements/texts/unclos/UNCLOS-TOC.htm (Ref. 71039) FB-LifeCycle-218 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Armi G. Torres 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-10-27 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=218&StockCode=232 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Spawning probably takes place year-round in equatorial waters to 10° latitude (although 1 study has suggested this needs verification) and during summer periods in both hemispheres to 30° latitude, in both the Indian and Pacific oceans (Ref. 6390).In the southern hemisphere, concentrations of spawning fish probably occur around French Polynesia (Ref. 30354). Nakamura, I. 1985 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 5. Billfishes of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of marlins, sailfishes, spearfishes and swordfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(5):65p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 43) FB-TrophicStrategy-218 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Armi G. Torres 1994-02-26 00:00:00 2001-06-21 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public mazara http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Acoustic tagging studies (Ref. 4683) suggest that blue marlin primarily inhabit the surface mixed layer, which is the relatively uniform layer of water between the surface and the top of the thermocline where water temperatures start to drop suddenly (Ref. 6390). Studies have also suggested that fish spend more time close to the surface at night than during the day (Ref. 6390).In the Pacific Ocean, blue marlin concentrate year-round in tropical waters, but a part of the population undertakes large seasonal movements away from equatorial waters to about 30°S (Ref. 30354). These movements, mostly undertaken by males of 35-75 kg (Ref. 30354), occur as waves in the northern and southern hemisphere summers (Ref. 6390). Fish moving into eastern Australian waters in the summertime are probably part of 1 of these migrations (Ref. 6390).Blue marlin also live year-round in the Eastern Indian Ocean between northwestern Australia, Java and the Lesser Sunda Islands, with maximum concentration during the Northwest Monsoon (November to April), and between the equator and 13°S during the Southeast Monsoon (April to October) (Ref. 6390).Known to feed in and near surface waters, but sometimes take food in relatively deep waters as is shown by the presence of deep-dwelling squirrel fish (Holocentrus laeteoguttatus) in the stomachs of this species in Hawaii. Nakamura, I. 1985 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 5. Billfishes of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of marlins, sailfishes, spearfishes and swordfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(5):65p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 43) FB-Size-218 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-10-27 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=218 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution 500 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 30874)); max. published weight: 170.0 kg (Ref. 6390); max. published weight: 906 kg; max. reported age: 28 years (Ref. 30371) Allen, G.R. and R.C. Steene 1988 Fishes of Christmas Island Indian Ocean. Christmas Island Natural History Association, Christmas Island, Indian Ocean, 6798, Australia. 197 p. (Ref. 30874) Kailola, P.J., M.J. Williams, P.C. Stewart, R.E. Reichelt, A. McNee and C. Grieve 1993 Australian fisheries resources. Bureau of Resource Sciences, Canberra, Australia. 422 p. (Ref. 6390) Hill, K.T., G.M. Cailliet and R.L. Radtke 1989 A comparative analysis of growth zones in four calcified structures of Pacific blue marlin, <i>Makaira nigricans</i>. Fish. Bull. 87:829-843. (Ref. 30371) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-218 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-10-27 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=218 pelagic-oceanic; oceanodromous (Ref. 71039); marine; depth range 0 - 200 m (Ref. 43), usually 100 - ? m (Ref. 6390) United Nations 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 10 December 1982. United Nations. Retrieved on June 30, 2004, from http://www.un.org/Depts/los/convention_agreements/texts/unclos/UNCLOS-TOC.htm (Ref. 71039) Nakamura, I. 1985 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 5. Billfishes of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of marlins, sailfishes, spearfishes and swordfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(5):65p. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 43) Kailola, P.J., M.J. Williams, P.C. Stewart, R.E. Reichelt, A. McNee and C. Grieve 1993 Australian fisheries resources. Bureau of Resource Sciences, Canberra, Australia. 422 p. (Ref. 6390)