FB-2261 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2261 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Cichliformes Cichlidae Caprichromis Caprichromis orthognathus (Trewavas, 1935) Happy Suoraleukamalawinahven Binga Chilumya Utaka Caprichromis orthognathous (Trewavas, 1935) Cyrtocara orthognathus (Trewavas, 1935) Haplochromis orthognathus Trewavas, 1935 Mylochromis orthognathus (Trewavas, 1935) 1991-02-22 2005-12-08 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Eccles, D.H. and E. Trewavas0 Malawian cichlid fishes: the classification of some haplochromine genera. Lake Fish Movies, West Germany. 334 p. (Ref. 267) Mckaye, K.R. and C. Mackenzie0 <i>Cyrtocara liemi</i>, a previously undescribed paedophagus cichlid fish (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from Lake Malawi, Africa. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 95(2):398-402. (Ref. 4888) Maréchal, C.0 Caprichromis. p. 36. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 4977) Konings, A.0 Ad Konings's book of cichlids and all the other fishes of Lake Malawi. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. 495 p. (Ref. 5595) Axelrod, H.R.0 The most complete colored lexicon of cichlids. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 864 p. (Ref. 12251) Anonymous0 Fish registrations within the museum database of the Vertebrate Section of the Royal Museum for Central Africa. MRAC, Tervuren, Belgium. (Ref. 12818) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982) Nsiku, E.0 Changes in the fisheries of Lake Malawi, 1976-1996: ecosystem-based analysis. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. 217 p. M.Sc. thesis. (Ref. 33486) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Zimbabwe. National Museum of Zimbabwe, P.O. Box 240, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. (Ref. 36653) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. (Ref. 36670) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414) Anonymous0 Fish collection of the Royal Ontario Museum. Royal Ontario Museum. (Ref. 47438) Varjo, M., L. Koli and H. Dahlström0 Kalannimiluettelo (versio 10/03). Suomen Biologian Seura Vanamo Ry. (Ref. 51086) Ambali, A., H. Kabwazi, L. Malekano, G. Mwale, D. Chimwaza, J. Ingainga, N. Makimoto, S. Nakayama, M. Yuma and Y. Kada0 Relationship between local and scientific names of fishes in Lake Malawi/Nyasa. Afr. Stud. Monogr. (22)3:123-154. (Ref. 53836) Snoeks, J. (ed.)0 The cichlid diversity of Lake Malawi/Nyasa/Niassa: identification, distribution and taxonomy. Cichlid Press, El Paso, USA, 360p. (Ref. 55463) Snoeks, J. and M. Hanssens0 Identification guidelines to other non-mbuna. p.266-310. In Snoeks, J. (ed.) The cichlid diversity of Lake Malawi/Nyasa/Niassa: identification, distribution and taxonomy. Cichlid Press, El Paso, USA, 360p. (Ref. 55954) Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.)0 Catalog of fishes. Updated database version of April 2006. Database dump. Catalog databases as made available to FishBase in April 2006. (Ref. 56787) FB-GeneralDescr-2261 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-02-22 00:00:00 2005-12-08 23:04:39 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2261 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Mainly observed off sandy beaches at about 15 m depth (Ref. 5595), but occurs in both shallow and deep water (Ref. 55954). Normally stays in midwater where it is also found over rocks; although no actual feeding on larvae has been observed, this species is reported to be a paedophage that rams the head of a mouth-brooding female from below (Ref. 5595). Maréchal, C. 1991 Caprichromis. p. 36. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 4977) FB-DiagnosticDescr-2261 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tobias Musschoot 2005-09-30 17:33:22 2005-12-08 23:05:18 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2261 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Diagnosis: gums thicker, teeth less visible and mouth with more steeply angled jaws than C. liemi (Ref. 55954). Snoeks, J. and M. Hanssens 2004 Identification guidelines to other non-mbuna. p.266-310. In Snoeks, J. (ed.) The cichlid diversity of Lake Malawi/Nyasa/Niassa: identification, distribution and taxonomy. Cichlid Press, El Paso, USA, 360p. (Ref. 55954) FB-Distribution-2261 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-02-25 00:00:00 2008-05-30 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2261 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Africa: Endemic to Lake Malawi. Maréchal, C. 1991 Caprichromis. p. 36. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 4977) FB-Uses-2261 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-02-22 00:00:00 2005-12-08 23:04:39 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2261 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy fisheries: commercial; aquarium: commercial Konings, A. 1990 Ad Konings's book of cichlids and all the other fishes of Lake Malawi. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. 495 p. (Ref. 5595) Konings, A. 1990 Ad Konings's book of cichlids and all the other fishes of Lake Malawi. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. 495 p. (Ref. 5595) FB-Size-2261 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-02-22 00:00:00 2005-12-08 23:04:39 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2261 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size 19.5 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 4977)) Maréchal, C. 1991 Caprichromis. p. 36. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 4977) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-2261 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-02-22 00:00:00 2005-12-08 23:04:39 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2261 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat benthopelagic; freshwater