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	<dc:identifier>FB-24618</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=24618</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Cypriniformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Nemacheilidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Schistura</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Schistura scaturigina McClelland, 1839</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='cs'>Mřenka bilikulská</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='et'>Taandoga-kivitrulling</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fi'>Kuviosistura</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='kn'>Murangi</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>Koitha</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>കൊയ്ത</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>കൊയ്മ</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>半盔南鰍</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>半盔南鳅</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Nemacheilus semiarmatus Day, 1867</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Nemachilus semiarmatus Day, 1867</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Noemacheilus semiarmatus (Day, 1867)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Schistura semiarmatus (Day, 1867)</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1996-07-23</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2012-10-31</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4832&amp;speccode=24619'>Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran0 Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. vol 1. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam. i-liv + 1-541, 1 map (Ref. 4832)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=24619'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31982&amp;speccode=24619'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=33690&amp;speccode=24619'>Banarescu, P.M. and T.T. Nalbant0 A generical classification of Nemacheilinae with description of two new genera (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Cobitidae). Trav. Mus. Hist. Nat. 35:429-496. (Ref. 33690)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=40981&amp;speccode=24619'>Akhtar, N.0 The Northern Areas (Pakistan). Fisheries profile, feasible sites for trout culture and an overall sectoral development perspective. Report for Project PAK/91/008. FAO, Rome. 29 p. (Ref. 40981)</reference>
	<reference isbn='81-85874-15-8.' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41236&amp;speccode=24619'>Menon, A.G.K.0 Check list - fresh water fishes of India. Rec. Zool. Surv. India, Misc. Publ., Occas. Pap. No. 175, 366 p. (Ref. 41236)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=43636&amp;speccode=24619'>Chandrashekhariah, H.N., M.F. Rahman and S. Lakshmi Raghavan0 Status of fish fauna in Karnataka. p. 98-135. In Ponniah, A.G. and A. Gopalakrishnan (eds.). Endemic Fish Diversity of Western Ghats. NBFGR-NATP Publication. National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, U.P., India. 1, 347 p. (Ref. 43636)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=43637&amp;speccode=24619'>Rema Devi, K. and T.J. Indra0 Freshwater ichthyofaunal resources of Tamil Nadu. p. 77-97. In Ponniah, A.G. and A. Gopalakrishnan . Endemic Fish Diversity of Western Ghats. NBFGR-NATP Publication. National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, U.P., India. 1, 347 p. (Ref. 43637)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=43641&amp;speccode=24619'>Gopalakrishnan, A. and A.G. Ponniah0 Cultivable, ornamental, sport and food fishes endemic to peninsular India with special reference to Western Ghats. p. 13-32. In A.G. Ponniah and A. Gopalakrishnan (eds.) Endemic Fish Diversity of Western Ghats. NBFGR-NATP Publication. National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, U.P., India. 1, 347 p. (Ref. 43641)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=44325&amp;speccode=24619'>Arunachalam, M., J.A. Johnson, S.N. Sathyanarayanappa, A. Sankaranarayanan and R. Soranam0 Cultivable and ornamental fishes from Hemavathi and Ekachi rivers, South Karnataka. p. 226-227. In A.G. Ponniah and A. Gopalakrishnan (eds.) Endemic fish diversity of Western Ghats. NBFGR-NATP Publication. National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, U.P., India. 1,347 p. (Ref. 44325)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=45204&amp;speccode=24619'>Bhat, A.0 Fish germplasm inventory of Sharavati, Aghanashini, Bedti and Kali rivers, Uttara Kannada. p. 148-151. In Ponniah, A.G. and A. Gopalakrishnan (eds.) Endemic Fish Diversity of Western Ghats. NBFGR-NATP Publication. National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, U.P., India. 1,347 p. (Ref. 45204)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=45255&amp;speccode=24619'>Kapoor, D., R. Dayal and A.G. Ponniah0 Fish biodiversity of India. National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources Lucknow, India.775 p. (Ref. 45255)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=50614&amp;speccode=24619'>Dahanukar, N., R. Raut and A. Bhat0 Distribution, endemism and threat status of freshwater fishes in the Western Ghats of India. J. Biogeogr 31:123-136. (Ref. 50614)</reference>
	<reference isbn='80-7036-139-5' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51055&amp;speccode=24619'>Hanel, L. and J. Novák0 České názvy zivočichů V. Ryby a ryboviti obratlovci (Pisces) 3., maloústí (Gonorhynchiformes) - máloostní (Cypriniformes). Národní muzeum (zoologické oddělení), Praha. (Ref. 51055)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51086&amp;speccode=24619'>Varjo, M., L. Koli and H. Dahlström0 Kalannimiluettelo (versio 10/03). Suomen Biologian Seura Vanamo Ry. (Ref. 51086)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=24619'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=92804&amp;speccode=24619'>Kottelat, M.0 Conspectus cobitidum*: an inventory of the loaches of the world (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Cobitoidei). The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Suppl. (26):1-199. (Ref. 92804)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=105471&amp;speccode=24619'>eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=130435&amp;speccode=24619'>IUCN0 The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1964 - onwards. https://www.iucnredlist.org/ (Ref. 130435)</reference><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-GeneralDescr-24619</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Armi G. Torres</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1996-07-23 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2017-10-16 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=24619</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology</subject>
	<dc:description>Found in small streams with gravelly bottom (Ref. 41236).  Prefers slow flowing riffles, a bottom dwelling species.  Found in lowland and wet hollows.  Feeds on detritus and debris matter (Ref. 44325).  Spawning occurs in backwater pools and stagnant water bodies mostly after the monsoon rains (Ref. 44325).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=92804&amp;speccode=24619'>Kottelat, M. 2012 Conspectus cobitidum*: an inventory of the loaches of the world (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Cobitoidei). The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Suppl. (26):1-199. (Ref. 92804)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-24619</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Armi G. Torres</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1996-07-23 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-11-06 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>Asia:  Peninsular India (Ref. 4832) and Pakistan (Ref. 40981).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4832&amp;speccode=24619'>Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran 1991 Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. vol 1. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam. i-liv + 1-541, 1 map (Ref. 4832)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:title>Importance</dc:title>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=24619</dc:source>
	<dc:description>fisheries: subsistence fisheries; aquaculture: experimental; aquarium: commercial</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4832&amp;speccode=24619'>Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran 1991 Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. vol 1. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam. i-liv + 1-541, 1 map (Ref. 4832)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=43641&amp;speccode=24619'>Gopalakrishnan, A. and A.G. Ponniah 2000 Cultivable, ornamental, sport and food fishes endemic to peninsular India with special reference to Western Ghats. p. 13-32. In A.G. Ponniah and A. Gopalakrishnan (eds.) Endemic Fish Diversity of Western Ghats. NBFGR-NATP Publication. National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, U.P., India. 1, 347 p. (Ref. 43641)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-TrophicStrategy-24619</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Grace Tolentino Pablico</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2002-10-12 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2002-11-25 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:source>semiarmata</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>Prefers slow flowing riffle , bottom dwelling species. Found in lowland and wet hollows. Feeds on detritus and debris matter (Ref. 44325).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=43641&amp;speccode=24619'>Gopalakrishnan, A. and A.G. Ponniah 2000 Cultivable, ornamental, sport and food fishes endemic to peninsular India with special reference to Western Ghats. p. 13-32. In A.G. Ponniah and A. Gopalakrishnan (eds.) Endemic Fish Diversity of Western Ghats. NBFGR-NATP Publication. National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Lucknow, U.P., India. 1, 347 p. (Ref. 43641)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-24619</dc:identifier>
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	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=24619</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>5.6 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 4832))</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4832&amp;speccode=24619'>Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran 1991 Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. vol 1. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam. i-liv + 1-541, 1 map (Ref. 4832)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-24619</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Armi G. Torres</agent>
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	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>benthopelagic; freshwater</dc:description>
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