FB-253 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=253 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Osmeriformes Osmeridae Osmerus Osmerus mordax (Mitchill, 1814) Lodde Gromadnik Capelim Caplan Lodde Lodde Capelin Capeling Caplain Caplin Capline Capling Capon Ceaplin Cock caplin Lodde Roller White-fish Moiva Lodna Lodnasild Lodnusild Villakuore Capelan Capelan atlantique Gaaydaa טרוטונית Lodna Loðna Agmagiak Amagiak Angmaggeuck Angmagiak Angmagsaat Angmagsak Anmugrun Axmagiaq Holili-gah Ko le le kuk Kuliligak Kurdliliyak Nulilighuk Panmagrik Qoliiligaq Qulilirraq Karafuto-shishamo 열빙어 Moiva Moyva Мойва мойва Lodda Lodde Мойва Capelan Capelán Capelin Ammassak Ammassat Angmagssak Capelin Cikeq Iqalluaq Kapelan Kashkanamesh Lodde pagmaksraq panmagriq Panmaksraq Smaelt 太平洋毛鱗魚太平洋毛鳞鱼毛鱗魚毛鳞鱼 Clupea villosa Müller, 1776 Mallotus catervarius (Pennant, 1784) Mallotus villosus catervarius (Pennant, 1784) Mallotus villosus socialis (Pallas, 1814) Mallotus villosus villosus (Müller, 1776) Salmo catervarius Pennant, 1784 Salmo socialis Pallas, 1814 1990-10-17 2018-04-05 Matarese, A.C., A.W. 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(Ref. 125579) Hedeholm, R., P. Grønkjær and S. Rysgaard0 Feeding ecology of capelin (Mallotus villosus Müller) in West Greenland waters. Polar Biol. 35(10):1533-1543. (Ref. 125606) Marčeta, B. and K. Pliberšek (eds)0 BiosWeb. Biological database of the Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia. Ljubljana, Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia, 2014. (www.biosweb.org. updated 13/04/2023). (Ref. 128520) Simian, G., D. Abraham, N. Bailly, P. Béarez, F. Urtizberea, A. Perrot, H. Goraguer, R. Langlois, P. Daszkiewicz, F. Teletchea, S. Tercerie and G. Denys0 Checklist of fishes from the Saint-Pierre and Miquelon archipelago. Cybium 46(4):371-384. (Ref. 132183) Sólmundsson, J., K.B. Jakobsdóttir and H. Pétursdóttir0 Deepwater sharks at their northern limits-distribution, diet and trophic relations. Mar. Ecol. 46(1):e12854. (Ref. 133040) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-GeneralDescr-252 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-17 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=252 Oceanic species found in schools (Ref. 2850). Nerito-pelagic (Ref. 58426); however, reported at 1086 m Davis Strait to southern Baffin Bay (Ref. 120413). Adults feed on planktonic crustaceans, copepods, euphausiids, amphipods, marine worms, and small fishes (Ref. 6885, 35388). Mature individuals move inshore in large schools to spawn (Ref. 2850). In the spring large spawning shoals migrate toward the coasts, males usually arrive first. Often entering brackish and freshwater (Ref. 37812). Semelparous (Ref. 51846). Produces 6,000-12,000 adhesive eggs. Females are valued for their roe, males are utilized as fishmeal. Marketed canned and frozen; eaten fried and dried (Ref. 9988). Possibly to 725 m depth (Ref. 6793). Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann 1983 A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850) FB-DiagnosticDescr-252 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1996-09-05 00:00:00 1999-06-06 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=252 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Adipose with long base, about 1.5 times as long as the orbit or longer, outer margin only slightly curved (Ref. 6885). Olive green on dorsal surface, merging into silvery on sides and ventral surface (Ref. 6885). Hart, J.L. 1973 Pacific fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 180:740 p. (Ref. 6885) FB-Morphology-252 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1996-09-05 00:00:00 1999-06-06 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=252 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 10 - 14; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 16 - 23; Vertebrae: 62 - 73 Hart, J.L. 1973 Pacific fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 180:740 p. (Ref. 6885) FB-Distribution-252 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2025-11-17 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=252 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Circumpolar in the Arctic. North Atlantic: Barents Sea up to Bear Island, in the White and Norwegian seas, off the coast of Greenland up to 76°30'N and from Hudson Bay in Canada to Gulf of Maine, USA. North Pacific: south to Korea and Juan de Fuca Strait, Canada. Allen, M.J. and G.B. Smith 1988 Atlas and zoogeography of common fishes in the Bering Sea and northeastern Pacific. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS 66, 151 p. (Ref. 6793) FB-Uses-252 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-17 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=252 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution fisheries: highly commercial; price category: low; price reliability: reliable: based on ex-vessel price for this species FAO 1992 FAO yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 70: 1990. FAO Fish. Ser. 38:647 p. (Ref. 4931) FB-Migration-252 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-17 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=252 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Anadromous. Fish that ascend rivers to spawn, as salmon and hilsa do. Sub-division of diadromous. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. McDowall, R.M. 1997 The evolution of diadromy in fishes (revisited) and its place in phylogenetic analysis. Rev. Fish Biol. Fish. 7(4):443-462. (Ref. 46888) FB-LifeCycle-252 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-17 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=252&StockCode=266 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Reproductive strategy: synchronous ovarian organization, determinate fecundity (Ref. 51846). Experimental testing suggests facultative semelparity, with offshore-spawning capelin being absolute semelparous (death of both genders) and beach-spawning capelin being iteroparous irrespective of sex (Ref. 92136). Also Ref. 92150. Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. FB-TrophicStrategy-252 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1997-03-11 00:00:00 2014-02-17 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public villosus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Oceanic species found in schools (Ref. 2850). Nerito-pelagic (Ref. 58426). Feeds on planktonic crustaceans, copepods (especially Calanus (Ref. 5951)), euphausiids, amphipods, marine worms, and small fishes (Ref. 6885, 35388). Fish examined were non-spawning adults (Ref. 6885). It is preyed upon by other fishes, birds and marine mammals; Gadus morhua (Atlantic cod) as their chief predator. Parasites of the species include Eubothrium parvum (cestode), Anisakis sp. And Contracaecum sp. (nematodes) and Glugea sp. (protozoan) (Ref. 5951). Hart, J.L. 1973 Pacific fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 180:740 p. (Ref. 6885) FB-Size-252 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-17 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=252 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat 20.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 11626)); 25.2 cm TL (female); max. published weight: 52.0 g (Ref. 56475); max. reported age: 10 years (Ref. 72498) Winters, G.H. 1970 Record size and age of Atlantic capelin, Mallotus villosus. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 27(2):393-394. (Ref. 11626) Velikanov, A.Y. 1993 Capelin. p. 105-109. In F.S. Terziev (ed.). Project "The seas". Hydrometeorology and hydrochemistry of the seas. Vol. 9. Sea of Okhotsk. Sankt-Peterburg, Gidrometeoizdat. (Ref. 56475) Beverton, R.J.H., J.R. Beddington and D.M. Lavigne 1985 Marine mammals and fisheries. Boston: G. Allen & Unwin. (Ref. 72498) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-252 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-17 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=252 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology pelagic-oceanic; anadromous (Ref. 46888); freshwater; brackish; marine; depth range 0 - 725 m (Ref. 58426), usually ? - 200 m (Ref. 96339) McDowall, R.M. 1997 The evolution of diadromy in fishes (revisited) and its place in phylogenetic analysis. Rev. Fish Biol. Fish. 7(4):443-462. (Ref. 46888) Coad, B.W. and J.D. Reist 2004 Annotated list of the arctic marine fishes of Canada. Can. MS Rep. Fish Aquat. Sci. 2674:iv:+112 p. (Ref. 58426) Love, M.S., C.W. Mecklenburg, T.A. Mecklenburg and L.K. Thorsteinson 2005 Resource inventory of marine and estuarine fishes of the West Coast and Alaska: A checklist of North Pacific and Arctic Ocean species from Baja California to the Alaska-Yukon border. U.S. Department of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Seattle, Washington, 98104. (Ref. 96339)