FB-25621 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=25621 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Atheriniformes Melanotaeniidae Melanotaenia Melanotaenia affinis (Weber, 1907) Langhoring-mobula Manta zakrslá Devil ray Diamond fish Eregoodoo Longfin devil ray Longfin ox ray Longhorned mobula Longhorned pygmy devil ray Manta ray Ox ray Pygmy devilray Smaller devilray Väike merisarvik Pari kalok Pari kola Pari paung Pari-paus kerdil Gaangish Cá Ó dơi Buntok-talibatab Dolgoroga manta Langvinduivelsrog Pagi sanga Cephaloptera eregoodootenkee Bleeker, 1859 Dicerobatis eregoodoo Cantor, 1849 Mobula diabola (non Shaw, 1804) Mobula diabolus (non Shaw, 1804) Mobula eregoodootenkee (Bleeker, 1859) Mobula kuhlii (non Valenciennes, 1841) 1996-11-27 2013-07-18 Herre, A.W.C.T.0 Check list of Philippine fishes. Res. Rep. U.S. Fish Wild. Serv. (20):1-977. (Ref. 280) Herre, A.W.C.T. and A.F. Umali0 English and local common names of Philippine fishes. U. S. Dept. of Interior and Fish and Wildl. Serv. Circular No. 14, U. S. Gov't Printing Office, Washington. 128 p. (Ref. 2857) Kotlyar, A.N.0 Dictionary of names of marine fishes on the six languages. All Union Research Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanography, Moscow. 288 p. (Ref. 5969) Kailola, P.J.0 The fishes of Papua New Guinea: a revised and annotated checklist. Vol. III. Gobiidae to Molidae. Research Bulletin No. 41, Research Section, Dept. of Fisheries and Marine Resources, Papua New Guinea. 153 p. (Ref. 6771) Last, P.R. and J.D. Stevens0 Sharks and rays of Australia. CSIRO, Australia. 513 p. (Ref. 6871) Kailola, P.J.0 The fishes of Papua New Guinea. A revised and annotated checklist. Vol. 1. Myxinidae to Synbranchidae. Research Bulletin No. 41. Department of Fisheries and Marine Resources, Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea. 194 p. (Ref. 6993) Compagno, L.J.V.0 Mobulidae. Devil rays. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. The Western Central Pacific. (Ref. 9911) Heemstra, P.C.0 Additions and corrections for the 1995 impression. p. v-xv. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Revised Edition of Smiths' Sea Fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 11228) Michael, S.W.0 Reef sharks and rays of the world. A guide to their identification, behavior, and ecology. Sea Challengers, Monterey, California. 107 p. (Ref. 12951) Sommer, C., W. Schneider and J.-M. Poutiers0 FAO species identification field guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of Somalia. FAO, Rome. 376 p. (Ref. 30573) Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.)0 Catalog of fishes. Updated database version of November 1999. Catalog databases as made available to FishBase in November 1999. (Ref. 33021) Compagno, L.J.V.0 Checklist of living elasmobranchs. p. 471-498. In W.C. Hamlett (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland. (Ref. 35766) Randall, J.E. and K.K.P. Lim (eds.)0 A checklist of the fishes of the South China Sea. Raffles Bull. Zool. Suppl. (8):569-667. (Ref. 36648) Compagno, L.J.V.0 Mobulidae. Devil rays. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. The Western Central Pacific. (Ref. 39770) Aprieto, V.L. and E.P. Villoso0 Demersal fish resources of Lingayen Gulf. Fish. Res. J. Phillips. 7(2):40-49. (Ref. 43020) Bor, P.H.F.0 Nederlandse naamlijst van de recente haaien en roggen (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii) van de wereld. World Wide Web electronic publication www.rajidae.tmfweb.nl, version (05/2002). (Ref. 43454) Compagno, L.J.V., P.R. Last, J.D. Stevens and M.N.R. Alava0 Checklist of Philippine Chondrichthyes. CSIRO Marine Laboratories, Rept. 243. 101 p. (Ref. 47737) Hanel, L. and J. Novák0 České názvy zivočichů V. Ryby a ryboviti obratlovci (Pisces) 3., maloústí (Gonorhynchiformes) - máloostní (Cypriniformes). Národní muzeum (zoologické oddělení), Praha. (Ref. 51055) Nghia, N.V.0 Fishes of Viet Nam. Unpublished compilation of Nguyen Viet Nghia. (Ref. 55784) Khalaf, M.A.0 Fish fauna of the Jordanian Coast, Gulf of Aqaba, Red Sea. Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Marine Sciences 15(1):23-50. (Ref. 58021) Baissac, J. de B.0 SWIOP/WP/54 - Checklist of the marine fishes of Mauritius. RAF/87/008/WP/54/90 Regional Project for the Development & Management of Fisheries in the Southwest Indian Ocean. (Ref. 58078) Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.)0 Catalog of fishes. Updated database version of June 2007. Database dump. Catalog databases as made available to FishBase in June 2007. (Ref. 58462) Hoese, D.F., D.J. Bray, J.R. Paxton and G.R. Allen0 Fishes. In Beasley, O.L. and A. Wells (eds.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volume 35 Australia: ABRS & CSIRO Publishing, 2178 p. (Ref. 75154) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis, 29 April 2008. (Ref. 75549) Johnson, J.W.0 Annotated checklist of the fishes of Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 43(2):709-762. (Ref. 78751) Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.)0 Catalog of fishes. Updated internet version of 19 February 2010. Catalog databases of CAS cited in FishBase (website). (Ref. 83763) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882) Golani, D. and S. V. Bogorodsky0 The fishes of the Red Sea - reappraisal and updated checklist. Zootaxa 2463:1-135. (Ref. 84159) Department of Fisheries Malaysia0 Valid local name of Malaysian marine fishes. Department of Fisheries Malaysia. Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-based Industry. 180 p. (Ref. 85449) Henderson, A.C. and A.J. Reeve0 Noteworthy elasmobranch records from Oman. Afr. J. Mar. Sci. 33(1): 171-175. (Ref. 87400) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062) Allen, G.R. and M.V. Erdmann0 Reef fishes of the East Indies. Perth, Australia: Universitiy of Hawai'i Press, Volumes I-III. Tropical Reef Research. (Ref. 90102) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110) eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471) Weigmann, S.0 Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. J. Fish Biol. 88(1):1-201. (Ref. 106604) Torres, F. Jr.0 Species list for the five municipalities in Southern Palawan. Personal Communication [31/03/17]. (Ref. 114805) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) White, W.T., S. Corrigan, L. Yang, A.C. Henderson, A.L. Bazinet, D.L. Swofford and G.J.P. Naylor0 Phylogeny of the manta and devilrays (Chondrichthyes: Mobulidae), with an updated taxonomic arrangement for the family. Zool. J. of the Linn. Soc., 20:1-26; figs. (Ref. 115945) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272) CITES, UNEP-WCMC0 The Checklist of CITES Species Website. Appendices I, II and III valid from 04 October 2017. CITES Secretariat, Geneva, Switzerland. Compiled by UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge, UK. https://www.cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php [Accessed 08/17/2017]. (Ref. 118484) Stevens, G., D. Fernando, M. Dando and G. Notarbartolo di Sciara0 Guide to the Manta and Devil Rays of the World. Princeton (NJ, USA): Princeton University Press, 144 p. (Ref. 119202) CITES0 Appendices I, II and III valid from 11 January 2023 and 25 November 2023. UNEP. (Ref. 128078) Marčeta, B. and K. Pliberšek (eds)0 BiosWeb. Biological database of the Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia. Ljubljana, Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia, 2014. (www.biosweb.org. updated 13/04/2023). (Ref. 128520) IUCN0 The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1964 - onwards. https://www.iucnredlist.org/ (Ref. 130435) Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals-CMS0 Convention on the conservation of migratory species of wild animals (CMS). xxx (Ref. 131118) CITES0 Appendices I, II and III. UNEP. (Ref. 131153) Notarbartolo di Sciara, G., S. Adnet, M. Bennett, M.K. Broadhurst, D. Fernando, R.W. Jabado, B.J.L. Laglbauer and G. Jabado, R. ( Stevens0 Taxonomic status, biological notes, and conservation of the longhorned pygmy devil ray <i>Mobula eregoodoo</i> Cantor, 1849). Aquatic Conserv: Mar Freshw Ecosyst. 2019;1-19. (Ref. 132274) Broadhurst, M.K., B. Laglbauer, K.B. Burgess and M.A. Coleman0 Reproductive biology and range extension for <i>Mobula kuhlii</i> cf. <i>eregoodootenkee</i>. Endangered Species Research, 35:71-80. (Ref. 132930) FB-GeneralDescr-25622 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1996-11-27 00:00:00 2024-10-18 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=25622 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Found in coastal and oceanic waters (Ref. 30573); solitary or aggregations, sometimes with 50 or more individuals (Ref. 90102). Not known to penetrate the epipelagic zone (Ref. 9911). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Notarbartolo di Sciara, G., S. Adnet, M. Bennett, M.K. Broadhurst, D. Fernando, R.W. Jabado, B.J.L. Laglbauer and G. Jabado, R. ( Stevens 2019 Taxonomic status, biological notes, and conservation of the longhorned pygmy devil ray <i>Mobula eregoodoo</i> Cantor, 1849). Aquatic Conserv: Mar Freshw Ecosyst. 2019;1-19. (Ref. 132274) FB-DiagnosticDescr-25622 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 2025-02-03 00:00:00 2025-02-03 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=25622 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat This small mobulid is distinguished by the following characters: pectoral fins very short and with one of the lowest aspect ratios of the genus (i.e. the ratio of DW to disc length, 1:0.578, n = 50), with high relative values of longitudinal metrics (e.g. disc length and anterior projection); head and cephalic fins very elongated with tip of cephalic fin to spiracle 16.5% of DW (n = 50); pre-oral length 5.9% of DW (n = 50); no caudal spine; base of tail quadrangular in section; spiracle very small, subcircular, ventral to plane of pectoral fins; a distinct dark blotch on ventral side of pectoral fins at the midpoint along the leading edge; branchial filter plates distinctively reduced, with four (rarely five) lateral lobes; terminal lobe also distinctively elongated and leaf shaped, pointed terminal lobe (its length almost one-quarter of the plate); colour of plates whitish pink; tooth bands on average 73% of mouth width; most teeth in adult males with multiple long lingual cusps (Ref. 132274).Description: Branchial filter plates are quite distinctive and differ from all other Mobula species for having the following features: (i) of a whitish pink colour; (ii) much reduced, with only four (rarely five) ascending lobes per plate; and (iii) with a very elongated, pointed terminal lobe (its length almost one-quarter of the plate). Differs from plates of M. kuhlii which are very similar to those of other pygmy devil rays, having a much darker coloration, higher number of lateral lobes (17-18), and a rounded spade-shaped terminal lobe and such morphological differences in gill plates are likely to reflect dietary differences between the two species, with M. eregoodoo specializing in chasing schooling baitfish, which do not require fine-meshed plates to filter them in the mouth, at the same time reducing drag when swimming with an open mouth; unlike M. kuhlii, which is reported to feed on swarms of mysid shrimps or larval fish fry, therefore requiring a much finer mesh in their filter plates. Teeth morphology also has diagnostic value where unlike in M. kuhlii, the enamel of the labial face (particularly visible on non-functional teeth along the lingual side of the tooth band) is well ornamented in M. eregoodoo, with enamel ‘blisters’ that tend to fuse on the rounded visor. Furthermore, compared with the closely related M. kuhlii, which shares similar crown outline variation in juvenile specimens, the teeth of adult M. eregoodoo have a crown with a more ornamented labial face and a more irregular outline, with several lingual cusps, whereas the M. kuhlii male tooth crown usually has only a pair of nearly symmetric cusps. Tooth morphology of M. eregoodoo, particularly in males, can be considered as intermediate between M. thurstoni (irregularly elongated teeth with strongly ornamented enamel) and M. kuhlii (regularly short teeth with less ornamented enamel), and is clearly distinct from both.Colouration of M. eregoodoo is specific and facilitates distinction from any other mobulid (M. kuhlii included), particularly on its ventral side, with a striking dark blotch along the midpoint of the leading edge of the pectoral fins being most prominent; remainder of the ventral side usually white (vs. ventral side of M. kuhlii, where the dark blotch is absent and where pectoral fins show a shading of grey in their distal third, gradually becoming darker towards the tips); leading edge of the pectoral fin is dark and stands out against the white background of the ventral surface (vs. anterior margin of the pectoral fins is edged by a distinctive light-coloured stripe, a few centimetres wide, which runs almost the entire length of the margin in M. kuhlii) (Ref. 132274). Notarbartolo di Sciara, G., S. Adnet, M. Bennett, M.K. Broadhurst, D. Fernando, R.W. Jabado, B.J.L. Laglbauer and G. Jabado, R. ( Stevens 2019 Taxonomic status, biological notes, and conservation of the longhorned pygmy devil ray <i>Mobula eregoodoo</i> Cantor, 1849). Aquatic Conserv: Mar Freshw Ecosyst. 2019;1-19. (Ref. 132274) FB-Distribution-25622 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1996-11-27 00:00:00 2025-11-05 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=25622 Indo-West Pacific: tropical-subtropical; from the northern Red Sea (26ºN; Egypt) to South Africa (29ºS; Durban); eastward into the Arabian–Persian Gulf, Arabian Sea, Pakistan, southern India, Bangladesh, Malaysia, West and North Australia, to western Pacific, including Sarawak and parts of Indonesia, north to Taiwan (22ºN; Kaohsiung), western Papua New Guinea, and eastern Australia (26ºS; New South Wales). Notarbartolo di Sciara, G., S. Adnet, M. Bennett, M.K. Broadhurst, D. Fernando, R.W. Jabado, B.J.L. Laglbauer and G. Jabado, R. ( Stevens 2019 Taxonomic status, biological notes, and conservation of the longhorned pygmy devil ray <i>Mobula eregoodoo</i> Cantor, 1849). Aquatic Conserv: Mar Freshw Ecosyst. 2019;1-19. (Ref. 132274) FB-Uses-25622 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1996-11-27 00:00:00 2024-10-18 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=25622 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology fisheries: subsistence fisheries Sommer, C., W. Schneider and J.-M. Poutiers 1996 FAO species identification field guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of Somalia. FAO, Rome. 376 p. (Ref. 30573) FB-LifeCycle-25622 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1996-11-27 00:00:00 2024-10-18 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=25622&StockCode=20220 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. FB-TrophicStrategy-25622 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Drina Sta. Iglesia 2001-01-22 00:00:00 2008-08-11 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ eregoodoo Occurs in coastal and oceanic waters (Ref. 30573). Found on the continental shelf (Ref. 75154). Not known to penetrate the epipelagic zone (Ref. 9911). Feeds on plankton. Compagno, L.J.V. 1999 Checklist of living elasmobranchs. p. 471-498. In W.C. Hamlett (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland. (Ref. 35766) FB-Size-25622 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1996-11-27 00:00:00 2024-10-18 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=25622 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size 123 cm WD (male/unsexed; (Ref. 132274)); 130 cm WD (female) Notarbartolo di Sciara, G., S. Adnet, M. Bennett, M.K. Broadhurst, D. Fernando, R.W. Jabado, B.J.L. Laglbauer and G. Jabado, R. ( Stevens 2019 Taxonomic status, biological notes, and conservation of the longhorned pygmy devil ray <i>Mobula eregoodoo</i> Cantor, 1849). Aquatic Conserv: Mar Freshw Ecosyst. 2019;1-19. (Ref. 132274) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-25622 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1996-11-27 00:00:00 2024-10-18 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=25622 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat pelagic-oceanic; marine; depth range 0 - 50 m (Ref. 106604) Weigmann, S. 2016 Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. J. Fish Biol. 88(1):1-201. (Ref. 106604)