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	<dc:identifier>FB-2992</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2992</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Cypriniformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Catostomidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Ictiobus</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Ictiobus bubalus (Rafinesque, 1818)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='cs'>Kaprovec maloústý</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='cs'>Krunýřovec maloústý</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='da'>Småmundet bøffelkarpe</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Smallmouth buffalo</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='et'>Väikesuu-piisonkala</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Buffalo à petite bouche</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ru'>малоротый буффало</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Matalote boquín</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Bufalo cu gura mica</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>小口牛胭脂魚</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>小口牛胭脂鱼</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Catostomus bubalus Rafinesque, 1818</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1991-05-01</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2006-04-17</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=205&amp;speccode=2992'>Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=276&amp;speccode=2992'>Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (12)1-174. (Ref. 276)</reference>
	<reference isbn='92-5-102664-5.' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1739&amp;speccode=2992'>Welcomme, R.L.0 International introductions of inland aquatic species. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 294. 318 p. (Ref. 1739)</reference>
	<reference isbn='0-8138-2335-8.' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=3672&amp;speccode=2992'>Carlander, K.D.0 Handbook of freshwater fishery biology, Volume 1. The Iowa State University Press, Ames. Iowa. 752 p. (Ref. 3672)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=3774&amp;speccode=2992'>Swingle, W.E.0 Length-weight relationships of Alabama fishes. Auburn Univ. Agric. Exp. Sta. Zool.-Ent. Ser. Fish. 3:87 p. (Ref. 3774)</reference>
	<reference isbn='0-913235-69-5 (pbk).' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=3814&amp;speccode=2992'>Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (20):183 p. (Ref. 3814)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=3845&amp;speccode=2992'>Jenkins, R.M.0 Growth histories of the principal fishes in Grand Lake (O' the Cherokees), Oklahoma, through thirteen years of impoundment. Okla. Fish. Res. Lab. Rep. 34:1-87. (Ref. 3845)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=3925&amp;speccode=2992'>Hargis, H.L.0 Development of improved fishing methods for use in southeastern and south-central reservoirs. Tenn. Game Fish Comm. Dingell-Johnson Job Completion Rep. 4-5-R-1:34 p. (Ref. 3925)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4517&amp;speccode=2992'>Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4699&amp;speccode=2992'>International Game Fish Association0 World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, Florida, USA. (Ref. 4699)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5723&amp;speccode=2992'>Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr0 A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6375&amp;speccode=2992'>Holcík, J.0 Fish introductions in Europe with particular reference to its central and eastern part. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 48 (Suppl. 1):13-23. (Ref. 6375)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9988&amp;speccode=2992'>Frimodt, C.0 Multilingual illustrated guide to the world's commercial coldwater fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215 p. (Ref. 9988)</reference>
	<reference isbn='0-87049-711-1' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=10294&amp;speccode=2992'>Etnier, D.A. and W.C. Starnes0 The fishes of Tennessee. The University of Tennessee Press, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA. (pls. check date). (Ref. 10294)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=11145&amp;speccode=2992'>Kamilov, G. and Z.U. Urchinov0 Fish and fisheries in Uzbekistan under the impact of irrigated agriculture. p. 10-41 In T. Petr (ed.) Inland fisheries under the impact of irrigated agriculture:Central Asia. FAO Fisheries Circular No. 894. (Ref. 11145)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=12193&amp;speccode=2992'>Hugg, D.O.0 MAPFISH georeferenced mapping database. Freshwater and estuarine fishes of North America. Life Science Software. Dennis O. and Steven Hugg, 1278 Turkey Point Road, Edgewater, Maryland, USA. (Ref. 12193)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=12965&amp;speccode=2992'>Eschmeyer, W.N.0 PISCES. Eschmeyer's PISCES database as published on the Internet in June 1997, URL: gopher://gopher.calacademy.org:640/7. (Ref. 12965)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26334&amp;speccode=2992'>Reshetnikov, Y.S., N.G. Bogutskaya, E.D. Vasil'eva, E.A. Dorofeeva, A.M. Naseka, O.A. Popova, K.A. Savvaitova, V.G. Sideleva and L.I. Sokolov0 An annotated check-list of the freshwater fishes of Russia. J. Ichthyol. 37(9):687-736. (Ref. 26334)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=30426&amp;speccode=2992'>Randolph, S. and M. Snyder0 The seafood list: FDA's guide to acceptable market names for seafood sold in interstate commerce. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, USA. pag. var. (Ref. 30426)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=2992'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31982&amp;speccode=2992'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=37297&amp;speccode=2992'>Mikhov, S.0 Checklist of fishes of Bulgaria. FishBase checklist modified by Stoyan Mikhov. (Ref. 37297)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=38732&amp;speccode=2992'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=39232&amp;speccode=2992'>Manea, G.0 Acclimatization of new fishes and other aquatic organisms. Ceres Publishing House, Bucharest. (Ref. 39232)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=40637&amp;speccode=2992'>IGFA0 Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. (Ref. 40637)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41414&amp;speccode=2992'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=45022&amp;speccode=2992'>Bogutskaya, N.G. and A.M. Naseka0 An overview of nonindigenous fishes in inland waters of Russia. Proc. Zool. Inst. Russ. Acad. Sci. 296:21-30. (Ref. 45022)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=45043&amp;speccode=2992'>Bogutskaya, N.G.0 Common names of Russian freshwater fishes. Spreadsheet with cyrillic names made available for inclusion in FishBase. Unpublished. (Ref. 45043)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=47438&amp;speccode=2992'>Anonymous0 Fish collection of the Royal Ontario Museum. Royal Ontario Museum. (Ref. 47438)</reference>
	<reference isbn='80-7036-139-5' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51055&amp;speccode=2992'>Hanel, L. and J. Novák0 České názvy zivočichů V. Ryby a ryboviti obratlovci (Pisces) 3., maloústí (Gonorhynchiformes) - máloostní (Cypriniformes). Národní muzeum (zoologické oddělení), Praha. (Ref. 51055)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51471&amp;speccode=2992'>Carl, H.0 Danish fish names. Zoological Museum of Copenhagen. Unpublished. (Ref. 51471)</reference>
	<reference isbn='1-888569-61-1' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=52299&amp;speccode=2992'>Nelson, J.S., E.J. Crossman, H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C.R. Gilbert, R.N. Lea and J.D. Williams0 Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico. American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 29, Bethesda, Maryland. ix, 386 p. + 1 CD. (Ref. 52299)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=56631&amp;speccode=2992'>Machacek, H. (ed.)0 World Records Freshwater Fishing. www.fishing-worldrecords.com, 12 February 2006. (Ref. 56631)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=2992'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58293&amp;speccode=2992'>Bogutskaya, N.G. and A.M. Naseka0 REGIONAL CHECK-LISTS: Don River Drainage Area. In Website and Database: "Freshwater Fishes of Russia": A Source of Information on the Current State of the Fauna. Zoological Institute RAS. (Ref. 58293)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58296&amp;speccode=2992'>Bogutskaya, N.G. and A.M. Naseka0 REGIONAL CHECK-LISTS: Kuban River Drainage Area. In Website and Database: "Freshwater Fishes of Russia": A Source of Information on the Current State of the Fauna. Zoological Institute RAS. (Ref. 58296)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58297&amp;speccode=2992'>Bogutskaya, N.G. and A.M. Naseka0 REGIONAL CHECK-LISTS: Volga River Drainage Area. In Website and Database: "Freshwater Fishes of Russia": A Source of Information on the Current State of the Fauna. Zoological Institute RAS. (Ref. 58297)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58918&amp;speccode=2992'>Uzunova, E. and S. Zlatanova0 A review of the fish introductions in Bulgarian freshwaters. Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 37(1):55-61. (Ref. 58918)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=75639&amp;speccode=2992'>Vasil'eva, E.D.0 Main alterations in ichthyofauna of the largest rivers of the northern coast of the Black Sea in the last 50 years: A review. Folia Zool. 52(4):337-358. (Ref. 75639)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=78789&amp;speccode=2992'>Missouri Department of Conservation0 Fish of Missouri. Missouri Department of Conservation. (Ref. 78789)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=78807&amp;speccode=2992'>Lieb, C.S.0 Annotated checklist of the fishes of the Rio Grande drainage, Dona Ana, El Paso, and Hudspeth counties. Centennial Museum, University of Texas at El Paso. (Ref. 78807)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=79012&amp;speccode=2992'>Hassan-Williams, C., T.H. Bonner and C. Thomas (photogr.)0 Texas freshwater fishes. Texas State University-San Marcos: Biology Department/ Aquatic Station. (Ref. 79012)</reference>
	<reference isbn='1-588544-570-3' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=79013&amp;speccode=2992'>Thomas, C., T.H. Bonner and B.G. Whiteside0 Freshwater fishes of Texas: a field guide. (1st ed.). College Station: Texas A&amp;M University Press. 202 p. (Ref. 79013)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=96293&amp;speccode=2992'>Page, L.M., H. Espinosa-Pérez, L.T. Findley, C.R. Gilbert, R.N. Lea, N.E. Mandrak, R.L. Mayden and J.S. Nelson0 Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States, Canada and Mexico, 7th edition. Bethesda, Maryland: American Fisheries Society, Special Publication 34, 384 p. (Ref. 96293)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=105471&amp;speccode=2992'>eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=126106&amp;speccode=2992'>Dean, E.M., A.R. Cooper, L. Wang, W. Daniel, S. David, C. Ernzen, K.B. Gido, E Hale, T.J. Haxton, W. Kelso, N. Leonard, C. Lido, J. Margraf, M. Porter, C. Pennock, D. Propst, J. Ross, M.D. Staudinger, G. Whelan and D.M. Infante0 The North American Freshwater Migratory Fish Database (NAFMFD): Characterizing the migratory life histories of freshwater fishes of Canada, the United States of Mexico. J. Biogeography 49:1193-1203. (Ref. 126106)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=130753&amp;speccode=2992'>Martin, R.E., S.I. Auerbach and D.J. Nelson0 Growth and movement of smallmouth buffalo, &lt;i&gt;Ictiobus bubalus&lt;/i&gt; (Rafinesque), in Watts Bar Reservoir, Tennessee. United States: No. ORNL-3530. Oak Ridge National Lab.(ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN,  100 p. (Ref. 130753)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=132215&amp;speccode=2992'>WDNR, Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources0 Wisconsin Fish Species List.. World Wide Web electronic publication, Accessed 05 Oct. 2024. Madison (USA, WI):  Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, 6 p. https://dnr.wisconsin.gov/sites/default/files/topic/Fishing/Species_wifish.pdf (Ref. 132215)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=132220&amp;speccode=2992'>Bagley, J.C. and M.F. Breitman0 Length-weight relationships for 14 cypriniform freshwater fish species (Actinopterygii) from the Upper Mississippi River Basin. Acta Ichthyol. Pisc. 54:213-220. (Ref. 132220)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=137577&amp;speccode=2992'>Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577)</reference><dataObject>
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	<dcterms:created>1991-05-01 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-12-10 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
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	<dc:description>Adults inhabit pools, backwaters and main channels of small to large rivers,  also  in lakes and impoundments.  They feed on shellfish and algae, by grinding with the bony plates in its throat (Ref. 9988).  They appear to be a good candidate for aquaculture.  Marketed fresh and eaten pan-fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9988).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5723&amp;speccode=2992'>Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr 1991 A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.fishbase.de/rfroese' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Rainer Froese</agent>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>North America:  Lake Michigan drainage and Mississippi River basin from Pennsylvania and Michigan to Montana, USA  and south to the Gulf of Mexico; Gulf Slope drainages from Mobile Bay in Alabama to Rio Grande in Texas and New Mexico, USA.  Also in Mexico.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5723&amp;speccode=2992'>Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr 1991 A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston. 432 p. (Ref. 5723)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:title>Importance</dc:title>
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	<dc:description>fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9988&amp;speccode=2992'>Frimodt, C. 1995 Multilingual illustrated guide to the world's commercial coldwater fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215 p. (Ref. 9988)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4699&amp;speccode=2992'>International Game Fish Association 1991 World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, Florida, USA. (Ref. 4699)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy</subject>
	<dc:description>Potamodromous. Migrating within streams, migratory in rivers, e.g. Saliminus, Moxostoma, Labeo.  Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=126106&amp;speccode=2992'>Dean, E.M., A.R. Cooper, L. Wang, W. Daniel, S. David, C. Ernzen, K.B. Gido, E Hale, T.J. Haxton, W. Kelso, N. Leonard, C. Lido, J. Margraf, M. Porter, C. Pennock, D. Propst, J. Ross, M.D. Staudinger, G. Whelan and D.M. Infante 2022 The North American Freshwater Migratory Fish Database (NAFMFD): Characterizing the migratory life histories of freshwater fishes of Canada, the United States of Mexico. J. Biogeography 49:1193-1203. (Ref. 126106)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-LifeCycle-2992</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.fishbase.de/rfroese' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Rainer Froese</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-05-01 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-12-10 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=2992&amp;StockCode=3188</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>Assuming same reproductive mode as in Chasmistes.</dc:description>
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	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-2992</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.fishbase.de/rfroese' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Rainer Froese</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-05-01 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-12-10 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2992</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>112 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 40637)); max. published weight: 37.3 kg (Ref. 40637); max. reported age: 15 years (Ref. 12193)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=40637&amp;speccode=2992'>IGFA 2001 Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. (Ref. 40637)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=40637&amp;speccode=2992'>IGFA 2001 Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. (Ref. 40637)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=12193&amp;speccode=2992'>Hugg, D.O. 1996 MAPFISH georeferenced mapping database. Freshwater and estuarine fishes of North America. Life Science Software. Dennis O. and Steven Hugg, 1278 Turkey Point Road, Edgewater, Maryland, USA. (Ref. 12193)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-2992</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='http://www.fishbase.de/rfroese' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Rainer Froese</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-05-01 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-12-10 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder> FAO</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2992</dc:source>
	<subject></subject>
	<dc:description>demersal; potamodromous (Ref. 126106); freshwater</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=126106&amp;speccode=2992'>Dean, E.M., A.R. Cooper, L. Wang, W. Daniel, S. David, C. Ernzen, K.B. Gido, E Hale, T.J. Haxton, W. Kelso, N. Leonard, C. Lido, J. Margraf, M. Porter, C. Pennock, D. Propst, J. Ross, M.D. Staudinger, G. Whelan and D.M. Infante 2022 The North American Freshwater Migratory Fish Database (NAFMFD): Characterizing the migratory life histories of freshwater fishes of Canada, the United States of Mexico. J. Biogeography 49:1193-1203. (Ref. 126106)</reference></dataObject>
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