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<taxon>
	<dc:identifier>FB-3054</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3054</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Siluriformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Clariidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Clarias</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Clarias batrachus (Linnaeus, 1758)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='or'>Magurah</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='or'>Maguro</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Pantat</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='as'>Magur</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='as'>Mahgur</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='bn'>Jagur</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='bn'>Koi</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='bn'>Magur</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='bn'>Mahgur</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='bn'>Mah-gur</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='bn'>কৈ</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='bn'>মাগুড়</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Hito</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='my'>Nga-khoo</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='da'>Vandremalle</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='de'>Froschwels</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='de'>Wanderwels</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Clarias catfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Climbing perch</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Freshwater catfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Magur</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Philippine catfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Thai hito</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Thailand catfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Walking catfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='et'>Aasia angersäga</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fi'>Konnamonni</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='hi'>Mangri</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='hi'>Mangur</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='hi'>Manguri</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='hi'>Wagur</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='hi'>मंगरी</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='jv'>Leleh</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='kn'>Halimeena</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Khamagur</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>Mazhu</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>Musi</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>Muzhi</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>Valay</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>Yeri</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>Yerivahlay</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>ഏരിവാള</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>യെരിവാളൈ </commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ml'>യെരിവാളൈ  </commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='mr'>Magur</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Ikan keling</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Ikan lele</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Kali</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Keli</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ms'>Leleh</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ne'>Mungar</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ne'>Mungri</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ru'>Klarievyi som</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ru'>сом клариевый</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ru'>Сом клариевый филипинский (=кларий пятнистый)</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ru'>сом обыкновенный длинноперый</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='sv'>Ålmal</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='sv'>Asiatisk Vandrarmal</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ta'>Karupputheli</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ta'>Masarai</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ta'>மசரை</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ta'>மாசறை </commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='te'>Marpoo</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='te'>Marpulu</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='te'>మారపు</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='tl'>Hito</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='tl'>Hitong batukan</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='tl'>Pantat</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='th'>Pla duk</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='th'>Pla duk dam</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='th'>Pla duk dan</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='th'>Pla duk nam jued</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='th'>Pla duk nam juend</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='th'>ปลาดุก</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='th'>ปลาดุกด้าน</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='th'>ปลาดุกน้ำจืด</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='vi'>Cá trê tráng</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='vi'>Cá trèn trang</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Alimudan</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Andeng</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Čopovec</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Ito</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Kawatsi</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Kugga</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Kug-ga</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Lele</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Ngakra</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Nya-hara</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Pa douk</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Paltat</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Sibahut</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Tingkalang</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Trey andaing roueng</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Trey andeng</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Trey andèng</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Trey Andêng</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>ਕੁਘਾ</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>ਫਲ਼ੀ</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>斑紋鬍鯰</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>斑纹胡鲶</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>蟾胡鲶(引进)</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>蟾鬍鯰(引進)</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Clarias assamensis Day, 1877</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Clarias betrachus (Linnaeus, 1758)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Clarias punctatus Valenciennes, 1840</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Clarius bartrachus (Linnaeus, 1758)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Clarius batrachus (Linnaeus, 1758)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Macropteronotus magur (non Hamilton, 1822)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Silurus batrachus Linnaeus, 1758</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1991-05-01</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-08-12</dcterms:modified>
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	<location>Locality: Santa Cruz, Laguna, Philippines.</location></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>Adults inhabit lowland streams (Ref. 57235), swamps, ponds, ditches, rice paddies, and pools left in low spots after rivers have been in flood (Ref. 2854, 57235).  Usually confined to stagnant, muddy water (Ref. 1479).  Found in medium to large-sized rivers, flooded fields and stagnant water bodies including sluggish flowing canals (Ref. 12975).  Undertake lateral migrations from the Mekong mainstream, or other permanent water bodies, to flooded areas during the flood season and returns to the permanent water bodies at the onset of the dry season (Ref. 37770).  Can live out of water for quite sometime and move short distances over land (Ref. 4833).  Can walk and leave the water to migrate to other water bodies using its auxiliary breathing organs.  The Lao use this fish as lap pa or ponne pa.  Feed on insect larvae, earthworms, shells, shrimps, small fish, aquatic plants and debris (Ref. 6459).  An important food fish (Ref. 4833) that is marketed live, fresh and frozen (Ref. 9987).  Recently rare, being replaced by introduced African walking catfish (Ref. 57235).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1479&amp;speccode=3054'>Rahman, A.K.A. 1989 Freshwater fishes of Bangladesh. Zoological Society of Bangladesh. Department of Zoology, University of Dhaka. 364 p. (Ref. 1479)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dcterms:created>1992-10-08 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3054</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Body compressed posteriorly.  Upper jaw a little projecting.  Spine of pectoral fins rough on its outer edge and serrated on its inner edge (Ref. 4792).  Occipital process more or less triangular, its length about 2 time in its width (Ref. 27732); distance between dorsal and occipital process 4-5.5 times in distance from tip of snout to end of occipital process (Ref. 43281). Genital papilla in males is elongated and pointed (Ref. 52012).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='9980-85-304-2(pbk.).' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2847&amp;speccode=3054'>Allen, G.R. 1991 Field guide to the freshwater fishes of New Guinea. Publication, no. 9. 268 p. Christensen Research Institute, Madang, Papua New Guinea. (Ref. 2847)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dcterms:created>1992-10-08 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3054</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 60 - 76;  Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 47 - 58</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='9980-85-304-2(pbk.).' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2847&amp;speccode=3054'>Allen, G.R. 1991 Field guide to the freshwater fishes of New Guinea. Publication, no. 9. 268 p. Christensen Research Institute, Madang, Papua New Guinea. (Ref. 2847)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.fishbase.de/rfroese' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Rainer Froese</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-05-02 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2019-07-31 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder> FAO</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3054</dc:source>
	<subject></subject>
	<dc:description>Asia:  Java, Indonesia.  Clarias aff. batrachus from Indochina and Clarias aff. batrachusfrom Sundaland have been misidentified as Clarias batrachus from Java. Introduced elsewhere.  Several countries report adverse ecological impact after introduction.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=78760&amp;speccode=3054'>Ng, H.H. and M. Kottelat 2008 The identity of &lt;i&gt;Clarias batrachus&lt;/i&gt; (Linnaeus, 1758), with the designation of a neotype (Teleostei: Clariidae). Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 153:725-732. (Ref. 78760)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.fishbase.de/rfroese' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Rainer Froese</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-05-01 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-12-11 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Importance</dc:title>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>fisheries: commercial; aquaculture: commercial; gamefish: yes; aquarium: commercial</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4833&amp;speccode=3054'>Talwar, P.K. and A.G. Jhingran 1991 Inland fishes of India and adjacent countries. Volume 2. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, i-xxii + 543-1158, 1 pl. (Ref. 4833)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=7306&amp;speccode=3054'>FAO Fishery Information, Data and Statistics Service 1993 Aquaculture production (1985-1991). FAO Fish. Circ. 815, Rev. 5. 213 p. (Ref. 7306)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=83530'>IGFA 2009 Database of IGFA angling records until 2009. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA.</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1672&amp;speccode=3054'>Riehl, R. and H.A. Baensch 1991 Aquarien Atlas. Band. 1. Melle: Mergus, Verlag für Natur-und Heimtierkunde, Germany. 992 p. (Ref. 1672)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Migration-3054</dc:identifier>
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	<dcterms:created>1991-05-01 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses</subject>
	<dc:description>Potamodromous. Migrating within streams, migratory in rivers, e.g. Saliminus, Moxostoma, Labeo.  Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.</dc:description>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Armi G. Torres</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-05-01 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=3054&amp;StockCode=3250</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>The pair manifests the 'spawning embrace' which is widely observed in other catfish species (Ref. 33313). The pair gently nudge each other in the genital region and flick their dorsal fins; male wraps his body around the female, then the female releases a stream of adhesive eggs into the nest (Ref. 44091). In southeast Asia, spawning period is during the rainy season, when rivers rise and fish are able to excavate nests in submerged mud banks and dikes of flooded rice fields (Ref. 40977).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6868&amp;speccode=3054'>Burgess, W.E. 1989 An atlas of freshwater and marine catfishes. A preliminary survey of the Siluriformes. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey (USA). 784 p. (Ref. 6868)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-TrophicStrategy-3054</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Pascualita Sa-a</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1997-10-03 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2015-09-21 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>batrachus</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Inhabits swamps, ponds, ditches, rice paddies, and pools left in low spots after rivers have been in flood (Ref. 2854).  Usually confined to stagnant, muddy water (Ref. 1479).  Found in medium to large-sized rivers, flooded fields and stagnant water bodies including sluggish flowing canals (Ref. 12975).  Undertakes lateral migrations from the Mekong mainstream, or other permanent water bodies, to  flooded areas during the flood season and returns to the permanent water bodies at the onset of the dry season (Ref. 37770).  Can live out of water for quite sometime and move short distances over land (Ref. 4833).  Can walk and leave the water to migrate to other water bodies using its auxiliary breathing organs.  The Lao use this fish as lap pa or ponne pa.  Feeds on insect larvae, earthworms, shells, shrimps, small fish, aquatic plants and debris (Ref. 6459).   Feeds mainly on insects (Ref. 13497).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=13497&amp;speccode=3054'>Yap, S.-Y. 1988 Food resource utilization partitioning of fifteen fish species at Bukit Merah Reservoir, Malaysia. Hydrobiologia 157:143-160. (Ref. 13497)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.fishbase.de/rfroese' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Rainer Froese</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-05-01 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-12-11 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>47.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 40637)); max. published weight: 1,190 g (Ref. 40637)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=40637&amp;speccode=3054'>IGFA 2001 Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. (Ref. 40637)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=40637&amp;speccode=3054'>IGFA 2001 Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. (Ref. 40637)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder> FAO</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
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	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Allan Palacio</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2003-01-23 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>Acanthogyrus Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='9251048541' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=42533&amp;speccode=3054'>Arthur, J.R. and A.B.A. Ahmed 2002 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of Bangladesh. FAO Fish. Tech. Paper (T369/1), 77 p. (Ref. 42533)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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