FB-3069 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3069 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Batrachoidiformes Batrachoididae Opsanus Opsanus tau (Linnaeus, 1766) Østerspaddefisk Austernfisch Oyster toadfish Harilik konnkala Osterikonnakala Ostronpaddfisk 毒棘豹蟾魚 毒棘豹蟾鱼 Gadus tau Linnaeus, 1766 Opsanus cerapalus Rafinesque, 1818 1991-05-01 2016-05-20 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Nigrelli, R.F.0 Longevity of fishes in captivity, with special reference to those kept in the New York Aquarium. p. 212-230. In G.E.W. Wolstehnolmen and M. O'Connor (eds.) Ciba Foundation Colloquium on Ageing: the life span of animals. Vol. 5., Churchill, London. (Ref. 273) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 A list of common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (12)1-174. (Ref. 276) Pauly, D.0 A preliminary compilation of fish length growth parameters. Ber. Inst. Meereskd. Christian-Albrechts-Univ. Kiel (55):1-200. (Ref. 312) Wheeler, A.0 Das grosse Buch der Fische. Eugen Ulmer GmbH & Co. Stuttgart. 356 p. (Ref. 557) Schwarz, F.J. and B. Dutcher0 Age, growth and food of the oyster toadfish near Solomons, Maryland. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 92:170-173. (Ref. 744) Altman, P.L. and D.S. Dittmer (eds.)0 Respiration and circulation. Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, U.S.A. (Ref. 2203) Hoss, D.E.0 (to be filled). Proc. 21st Ann. Conf. Southeast. Assoc. Game Fish Comm., 1967. 416 p. (Ref. 2204) Hinegardner, R. and D.E. Rosen0 Cellular DNA content and the evolution of teleostean fishes. Am. Nat. 106(951):621-644. (Ref. 2209) Hughes, G.M. and M. Morgan0 The structure of fish gills in relation to their respiratory function. Biol. Revs. 48(3):419-475. (Ref. 2302) Hughes, G.M. and I.E. Gray0 Dimensions and ultra structure of toadfish gills. Biol. Bull. Mar. Biol. Lab. Woods Hole 143:150-161. (Ref. 2337) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 Common and scientific names of fishes from the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (20):183 p. (Ref. 3814) Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517) Halstead, B.W., P.S. Auerbach and D.R. Campbell0 A colour atlas of dangerous marine animals. Wolfe Medical Publications Ltd, W.S. Cowell Ltd, Ipswich, England. 192 p. (Ref. 4690) International Game Fish Association0 World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, Florida, USA. (Ref. 4699) Palzenberger, M. and H. Pohla0 Gill surface area of water-breathing freshwater fish. Rev. Fish Biol. 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Eschmeyer's PISCES database as published on the Internet in June 1997, URL: gopher://gopher.calacademy.org:640/7. (Ref. 12965) Acero, A.P.0 Zoogeographical implications of the distribution of selected families of Caribbean coral reef fishes. Proc. of the Fifth International Coral Reef Congress, Tahiti, Vol. 5. (Ref. 26280) McAllister, D.E.0 A working list of fishes of the world. Copies available from D.E. McAllister, Canadian Museum of Nature, P.O. Box 3443, Ottawa, Ontario K1P 6P4, Canada. 2661 p. plus 1270 p. Index. (Ref. 27116) Serafy, J.E., T.E. Hopkins and P.J. Walsh0 Field studies on the ureogenic gulf toadfish in a subtropical bay. I. Patterns of abundance, size composition and growth. J. Fish Biol. 50(6):1258-1270. (Ref. 27533) Murdy, E.O., R.S. Birdsong and J.A. Musick0 Fishes of Chesapeake Bay. Smithsonian Institution Press Washington and London. 324 p. (Ref. 27549) Narcisco Fernandes, M.0 Morpho-functional adaptations of gills in tropical fish. p. 181-190. In A.L. 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(Ref. 34634) Schumann, B.0 Rearing marine fish larvae. Salt Water Aquar. Mag. 5(5):1-10. (Ref. 35422) Anonymous0 The icthyological collection of the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). Division of Ichthyology and Herpetology, Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). (Ref. 35508) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. (Ref. 36670) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732) Rountree, R.A.0 Community structure of fishes attracted to shallow water fish aggregation devices off South Carolina, USA. Environ. Biol. Fishes 29(4):241-262. (Ref. 38807) IGFA0 Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. 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(Ref. 93252) eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-pic-3069-51519 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 2009-08-06 2009-08-06 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3069 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Optau_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Optau_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-3069 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2016-05-20 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3069 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Largely inhabits inshore water on rocky bottoms and reefs, jetties and wrecks. Frequently occurs among litter and tolerates polluted water. Becoming important as an experimental fish because of its size and hardiness. Has been reared in captivity (Ref. 35422). Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray 1986 A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251) FB-Distribution-3069 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-02 00:00:00 2015-07-17 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3069 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Western Atlantic: Cape Cod, Massachusetts to Florida in USA, straggling south to Miami in cold years. Robins, C.R. and G.C. Ray 1986 A field guide to Atlantic coast fishes of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, U.S.A. 354 p. (Ref. 7251) FB-Uses-3069 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2016-05-20 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3069 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes; aquarium: public aquariums International Game Fish Association 1991 World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, Florida, USA. (Ref. 4699) Nigrelli, R.F. 1959 Longevity of fishes in captivity, with special reference to those kept in the New York Aquarium. p. 212-230. In G.E.W. Wolstehnolmen and M. O'Connor (eds.) Ciba Foundation Colloquium on Ageing: the life span of animals. Vol. 5., Churchill, London. (Ref. 273) FB-TrophicStrategy-3069 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1999-07-15 00:00:00 2006-08-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public tau http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Largely inhabits inshore water on rocky bottoms and reefs, jetties and wrecks. Frequently occurs among litter and tolerates polluted water. Adams, S.M. 1976 Feeding ecology of eelgrass fish communities. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. 105(4):514-519. (Ref. 30599) FB-Size-3069 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2016-05-20 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3069 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution 43.2 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 40637)); max. published weight: 2,230 g (Ref. 40637) IGFA 2001 Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. (Ref. 40637) IGFA 2001 Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. (Ref. 40637) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-3069 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2016-05-20 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3069 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy reef-associated; brackish; marine; depth range 0 - 5 m