FB-3516 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3516 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Perciformes/Percoidei Percidae Sander Sander vitreus (Mitchill, 1818) Sandacz amerykański Picão-verde Blå sandart Hvidøjet sandart Amerikanischer Zander Blue pike Dory Glass eye Gray pike Green pike Jack salmon Marble Eye Okow Pickerel Pike-perch Walleye Walleye pickerel Walleye pike Wall-eyed pickerel Walleyed pike Wall-eyed pike Wall-eyed pike-perch Yellow walleye Yellow pickerel Yellow pike Yellow pike perch Yellow pike-perch Heleuim-koha Valkosilmäkuha Doré Doré jaune Sandre américain Svetloperyi sudak Glasögongös Судак Lucioperca americana 大眼梭鱸 大眼梭鲈 玻璃梭鱸 玻璃梭鲈 蓝梭鲈 藍梭鱸 Lucioperca americana Cuvier, 1828 Lucioperca grisea DeKay, 1842 Lucioperca vitreum (Mitchill, 1818) Perca fluviatilis (non Linnaeus, 1758) Perca vitrea Mitchill, 1818 Sander vitreum (Mitchill, 1818) Sander vitreus glaucus (Hubbs, 1926) Stizostedion glaucum Hubbs, 1926 Stizostedion virtreum (Mitchill, 1818) Stizostedion vitreum (Mitchill, 1818) Stizostedion vitreum glaucum Hubbs, 1926 Stizostedion vitreum vitreum (Mithchill, 1818) Stizostedium vitreum vitreum (Mithchill, 1818) 1991-05-01 2020-01-24 Robins, C.R., R.M. 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(Ref. 137577) FB-GeneralDescr-3516 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2025-12-15 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3516 Adults occur in lakes, pools, backwaters, and runs of medium to large rivers. Frequently found in clear water, usually near brush (Ref. 86798). They prefer large, shallow lakes with high turbidity (Ref. 9988, 10294). Rarely found in brackish waters (Ref. 1998). They feed at night, mainly on insects and fishes (with preference for yellow perch and freshwater drum but will take any fish available) also feed on crayfish, snails, frogs, mudpuppies, and small mammals when fish and insects are scarce (Ref. 1998). Although not widely farmed commercially for consumption, large numbers are hatched and raised for stocking lakes for game fishing (Ref. 9988). Utilized fresh or frozen; eaten pan-fried, broiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988). Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr 2011 A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Boston : Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 663p. (Ref. 86798) FB-DiagnosticDescr-3516 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 2001-11-13 00:00:00 2001-11-13 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3516 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Nuptial tubercles absent. Differentiation of sexes difficult. Branchiostegal rays 7,7 or 7,8 (Ref. 1998). Scott, W.B. and E.J. Crossman 1973 Freshwater fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 184: xi+1-966. (Ref. 1998) FB-Morphology-3516 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 2001-11-13 00:00:00 2001-11-13 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3516 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Dorsal spines (total): 13 - 17; Dorsal soft rays (total): 18 - 22; Analspines: 2; Analsoft rays: 11 - 14; Vertebrae: 44 - 48 Scott, W.B. and E.J. Crossman 1973 Freshwater fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 184: xi+1-966. (Ref. 1998) FB-Distribution-3516 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-10-22 00:00:00 2023-11-17 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3516 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat North America: St. Lawrence-Great Lakes, Arctic, and Mississippi River basins from Quebec to Northwest Territories in Canada, and south to Alabama and Arkansas in the USA; possibly native to Mobile Bay basin. Widely introduced elsewhere in the USA, including Atlantic and Pacific drainages. Page, L.M. and B.M. Burr 2011 A field guide to freshwater fishes of North America north of Mexico. Boston : Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 663p. (Ref. 86798) FB-Uses-3516 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2025-12-15 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3516 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution fisheries: commercial; aquaculture: experimental; gamefish: yes; aquarium: public aquariums Frimodt, C. 1995 Multilingual illustrated guide to the world's commercial coldwater fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215 p. (Ref. 9988) Malison, J.A. and J.A. Held 1996 Reproduction and spawning in walleye (<i>Stizostedion vitreum</i>). J. Appl. Ichthyol. 12(3-4):153-156. (Ref. 33236) International Game Fish Association 1991 World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, Florida, USA. (Ref. 4699) Newman, L. 1995 Census of fish at the Vancouver aquarium, 1994. Unpublished manuscript. FB-Migration-3516 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2025-12-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3516 Potamodromous. Migrating within streams, migratory in rivers, e.g. Saliminus, Moxostoma, Labeo. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. Dean, E.M., A.R. Cooper, L. Wang, W. Daniel, S. David, C. Ernzen, K.B. Gido, E Hale, T.J. Haxton, W. Kelso, N. Leonard, C. Lido, J. Margraf, M. Porter, C. Pennock, D. Propst, J. Ross, M.D. Staudinger, G. Whelan and D.M. Infante 2022 The North American Freshwater Migratory Fish Database (NAFMFD): Characterizing the migratory life histories of freshwater fishes of Canada, the United States of Mexico. J. Biogeography 49:1193-1203. (Ref. 126106) FB-LifeCycle-3516 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Armi G. Torres 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2025-12-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=3516&StockCode=4888 Spawning occurs in small groups (a larger female and two smaller males or two females and up to six males) that engage in chasing, circular swimming, and fin erection. The group then ascends to shallow water, females roll on their side, and eggs and sperm are released. Deposition of eggs usually occurs in a single night (Ref. 1998). Larvae pelagic (Ref. 7471). Balon, E.K. 1990 Epigenesis of an epigeneticist: the development of some alternative concepts on the early ontogeny and evolution of fishes. Guelph Ichthyol. Rev. 1:1-48. (Ref. 7471) FB-TrophicStrategy-3516 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1994-01-25 00:00:00 2006-02-01 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public vitreus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Occurs in lakes, pools, backwaters, and runs of medium to large rivers. Prefers large, shallow lakes with high turbidity (Ref. 9988). Feeds at night, mainly on insects and fishes (prefers yellow perch and freshwater drum but will take any fish available) but feeds on crayfish, snails, frogs, mudpuppies, and small mammals when fish and insects are scarce (Ref. 1998). Although not widely farmed commercially for consumption, large numbers are hatched and raised for stocking lakes for game fishing (Ref. 9988). Stephenson, S.A. and W.T. Momot 1991 Food habits and growth of walleye, <i>Stizostedion vitreum</i>, smallmouth bass, <i>Micropterus dolomieui</i>, and northern pike, <i>Esox lucius</i>, in the Kaministiquia River, Ontario. Can. Field Nat. 105(4):517-521. (Ref. 5732) FB-Size-3516 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2025-12-15 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3516 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat 107 cm FL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 1998)); max. published weight: 11.3 kg (Ref. 4699); max. reported age: 29 years (Ref. 12193) Scott, W.B. and E.J. Crossman 1973 Freshwater fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 184: xi+1-966. (Ref. 1998) International Game Fish Association 1991 World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, Florida, USA. (Ref. 4699) Hugg, D.O. 1996 MAPFISH georeferenced mapping database. Freshwater and estuarine fishes of North America. Life Science Software. Dennis O. and Steven Hugg, 1278 Turkey Point Road, Edgewater, Maryland, USA. (Ref. 12193) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ FAO General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-3516 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-05-01 00:00:00 2025-12-15 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3516 benthopelagic; potamodromous (Ref. 126106); freshwater; brackish; depth range 0 - 27 m (Ref. 11002) Dean, E.M., A.R. Cooper, L. Wang, W. Daniel, S. David, C. Ernzen, K.B. Gido, E Hale, T.J. Haxton, W. Kelso, N. Leonard, C. Lido, J. Margraf, M. Porter, C. Pennock, D. Propst, J. Ross, M.D. Staudinger, G. Whelan and D.M. Infante 2022 The North American Freshwater Migratory Fish Database (NAFMFD): Characterizing the migratory life histories of freshwater fishes of Canada, the United States of Mexico. J. Biogeography 49:1193-1203. (Ref. 126106) Regier, H.A., V.C. Applegate, R.A. Ryder, J.V. Manz, R.G. Ferguson, H.D. Van Meter and J.R. Wolfert 1969 The ecology and management of the walleye in western Lake Erie. Great Lakes Fish. Comm. Tech. Rep. 15:101 p. (Ref. 11002)