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<taxon>
	<dc:identifier>FB-3957</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3957</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Perciformes/Scorpaenoidei</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Sebastidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Sebastes</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Sebastes caurinus Richardson, 1844</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pl'>Karmazyn miedziany</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='da'>Kobberklippefisk</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Copper rockfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Rock cod</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='et'>Kalifornia meriahven</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Hat'</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Taayii</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Xaadxadaay</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Rocote cobrizo</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>λáḱálá</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>銅平鮋</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>铜平鲉</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Sebastodes caurinus (Richardson, 1844)</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1991-05-01</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2013-03-01</dcterms:modified>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=126181&amp;speccode=3957'>Lea, R.N., R.D. McAllister and D.A. VenTresca0 Biological Aspects of Nearshore Rockfishes of the Genus &lt;i&gt;Sebastes&lt;/i&gt; from Central California With Notes On Ecologically Related Sport Fishes. Fish Bulletin 177. State of California, the Resources Agency, Department of Fish and Game. (Ref. 126181)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=129115&amp;speccode=3957'>Bryars, S., P. Rogers, C. Huveneers, N. Payne, I. Smith and B. McDonald0 Small home range in southern Australia’s largest resident reef fish, the western blue groper (&lt;i&gt;Achoerodus gouldii&lt;/i&gt;): implications for adequacy of no-take marine protected areas. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 63:552-563. (Ref. 129115)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=129213&amp;speccode=3957'>Tolimieri, N., K. Andrews, G. Williams, S. Katz and P.S. Levin0 Home range size and patterns of space use by lingcod, copper rockfish and quillback rockfish in relation to diel and tidal cycles. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 380:229-243. (Ref. 129213)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=130033&amp;speccode=3957'>Hanan, D.A. and B.E. Curry0 Long-term movement patterns and habitat use of nearshore groundfish: Tag-recapture in Central and Southern California. The Open Fish Science Journal 5:30-43. (Ref. 130033)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=130435&amp;speccode=3957'>IUCN0 The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1964 - onwards. https://www.iucnredlist.org/ (Ref. 130435)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=130757&amp;speccode=3957'>Longabach, L.J.0 Movement of selected nearshore temperate reef fishes along California's Central coast. California Polytechnic State University, M.Sc. Thesis, 69 p. (Ref. 130757)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=137577&amp;speccode=3957'>Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577)</reference><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-pic-3957-42634</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.fishbase.us/collaborators/CollaboratorSummary.php?id=575' logoURL='' role='photographer'>Thorke A.S. Østergaard</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2005-10-03</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2008-08-13</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
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	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged</dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3957</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>September 2003; ID verified by Dr. Milton Love. Locality: Tofino, British Columbia, Canada.</dc:description>
	<mediaURL>http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Secau_u3.jpg</mediaURL>
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	<location>Locality: Tofino, British Columbia, Canada.</location></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.fishbase.de/rfroese' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Rainer Froese</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-05-01 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2013-03-01 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3957</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Particularly abundant in shallow, protected bays and inlets, among rocks and kelp beds; also found around pilings and jetties or under floats (Ref. 27436).  Juveniles found in loose aggregations in shallow weedy bays, around wharfs, or among floating drift associated with summer tidelines (Ref. 27436).  Mainly a benthic feeder, may also take pelagic fishes (Ref. 27436).  Viviparous, with planktonic larvae (Ref. 36715).  Flesh is tasty, firm and flaky (Ref. 27436).  Sold mainly as fresh fillets or live in Chinese restaurants and fish markets; excellent for fish chips or for pan frying as fillets (Ref. 27436).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='0-395-26873-9' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2850&amp;speccode=3957'>Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann 1983 A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Cristina V. Garilao</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1996-09-09 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2005-01-24 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3957</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Head spines strong - nasal, preocular, postocular, tympanic and parietal spines present, supraocular, coronal and nuchal spines absent (Ref. 27437).  Caudal fin rounded (Ref. 6885).  Olive brown to copper with pink or yellow blotches, white on sides and belly; rear two thirds of lateral line is white; usually with two dark bands radiating from eye; dorsal fin dark copper brown to black with some white (Ref. 27436).  Branchiostegal rays:  7 (Ref. 36715).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='0-660-10459-8' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6885&amp;speccode=3957'>Hart, J.L. 1973 Pacific fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 180:740 p. (Ref. 6885)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Cristina V. Garilao</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1996-09-09 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2005-01-24 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3957</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Dorsal spines (total): 13; Dorsal soft rays (total): 11 - 14;  Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 5 - 7; Vertebrae: 25 - 26</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='0-660-10459-8' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6885&amp;speccode=3957'>Hart, J.L. 1973 Pacific fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 180:740 p. (Ref. 6885)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.fishbase.de/rfroese' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Rainer Froese</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-05-02 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-11-05 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3957</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Eastern Pacific:  Kenai Peninsula, Gulf of Alaska to central Baja California, Mexico.  The darker reddish phase from California may be a separate species (Ref. 27437).</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='0-920080-75-8.' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=27436&amp;speccode=3957'>Lamb, A. and P. Edgell 1986 Coastal fishes of the Pacific northwest. Madeira Park, (BC, Canada): Harbour Publishing Co. Ltd., 224 p. (Ref. 27436)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.fishbase.de/rfroese' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Rainer Froese</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-05-01 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2013-03-01 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Importance</dc:title>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>fisheries: minor commercial; gamefish: yes; aquarium: public aquariums; price category: medium; price reliability: questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this genus</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
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	<reference isbn='0-920080-75-8.' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=27436&amp;speccode=3957'>Lamb, A. and P. Edgell 1986 Coastal fishes of the Pacific northwest. Madeira Park, (BC, Canada): Harbour Publishing Co. Ltd., 224 p. (Ref. 27436)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4699&amp;speccode=3957'>International Game Fish Association 1991 World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, Florida, USA. (Ref. 4699)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9183&amp;speccode=3957'>Newman, L. 1995 Census of fish at the Vancouver aquarium, 1994. Unpublished manuscript. (Ref. 9183)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-05-01 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2013-03-01 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=3957&amp;StockCode=4153</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses</subject>
	<dc:description>Viviparous (Ref. 36715, 34817).</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=36715&amp;speccode=3957'>Moser, H.G. 1996 Scorpaenidae: scorpionfishes and rockfishes. p. 733-795. In H.G. Moser (ed.) The early stages of fishes in the California Current Region. California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations (CalCOFI) Atlas No. 33. 1505 p. (Ref. 36715)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-3957</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.fishbase.de/rfroese' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Rainer Froese</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-05-01 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2013-03-01 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3957</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy</subject>
	<dc:description>58.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 27437)); max. published weight: 2,740 g (Ref. 40637); max. reported age: 57 years (Ref. 5483)</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='1-56612-079-9' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=27437&amp;speccode=3957'>Kramer, D.E. and V.M. O'Connell 1995 Guide to Northeast Pacific rockfishes. Genera &lt;i&gt;Sebastes&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Sebastolobus&lt;/i&gt;. Alaska Sea Grant, Marine Advisory Bulletin No. 25. (Ref. 27437)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=40637&amp;speccode=3957'>IGFA 2001 Database of IGFA angling records until 2001. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. (Ref. 40637)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5483&amp;speccode=3957'>Echeverria, T.W. 1987 Thirty-four species of California rockfishes: maturity and seasonality of reproduction. Fish. Bull. 85(2):229-250. (Ref. 5483)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-3957</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.fishbase.de/rfroese' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Rainer Froese</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-05-01 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2013-03-01 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=3957</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>demersal; marine; depth range 10 - 183 m (Ref. 2850)</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='0-395-26873-9' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2850&amp;speccode=3957'>Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann 1983 A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)</reference></dataObject>
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