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<taxon>
	<dc:identifier>FB-4378</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4378</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Gobiiformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Microdesmidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Ptereleotris</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Ptereleotris heteroptera (Bleeker, 1855)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='af'>Swartstert-dikkop</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Blacktail goby</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Indigo dartfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Pale gudgeon</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Spot-tail dartfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Spottail dartgoby</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Spot-tail hovergoby</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Tail-spot dart goby</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Tailspot dartgoby</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Tail-spot dart-goby</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>O'opu</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>O'opu 'ai lehua</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ja'>Oguro-kuroyurihaze</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ko'>흑꼬리청황문절</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='sm'>Ma'ulu</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>尾斑鰭塘鱧</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>尾斑鳍塘鳢</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>青鰕虎</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Eleotris heteropterus Bleeker, 1855</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Ptereleotris heteropterus (Bleeker, 1855)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Pteroeleotris heteroptera (Bleeker, 1855)</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1991-06-11</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2023-06-15</dcterms:modified>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=128223&amp;speccode=4378'>Chung, A., G.C.L. See, S.Y. Lam, W.H. Yiu and S.K.H. Shea0 Thirty-one new records of reef fish species for Hong Kong waters. J. Mar. Biol. Ass. UK 103:1-13. (Ref. 128223)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=128797&amp;speccode=4378'>Coleman, R., J.M. Copus, D.M. Coffey, R.K. Whitton and B.W. Bowen0 Shifting reef fish assemblages along a depth gradient in Pohnpei, Micronesia. PeerJ, 6: e4650. (Ref. 128797)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=130287&amp;speccode=4378'>Balisco, R.A.T., V.S. Ticzon, B.R. Samaniego, W.-C. Huang, B.J. Gonzales and T.-Y. Liao0 Marine fishes of Palawan, Philippines: species diversity, new records, and conservation status. Regional Studies in Marine Science 60(2023) 102825:1-10. (Ref. 130287)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=137577&amp;speccode=4378'>Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577)</reference><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>depth range: 27.5-30.5 m Locality: Lahilahi Pt., Oahu, Hawaii.</dc:description>
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	<location>Locality: Lahilahi Pt., Oahu, Hawaii.</location></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<mediaURL>http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Pthet_u2.jpg</mediaURL>
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	<dc:identifier>FB-pic-4378-23076</dc:identifier>
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	<dc:identifier>FB-GeneralDescr-4378</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-06-11 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-11-21 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4378</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy</subject>
	<dc:description>Adults occur in lagoons or bays, in passes, or on outer reef slopes; over hard substrate as well as patches of rubble or sand, usually at the base of the reef.  They are usually in pairs and share burrow which is often under a piece of rubble or slab of coral rock. They feed on current-borne zooplankton as high as 3 m above the burrow; tend to remain together while feeding, separated by not more than 1-2 m.  Monogamous (Ref. 52884, 48637).  Juveniles occur in large groups, as many as 500.  Minimum depth reported from Ref. 27115.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=528&amp;speccode=4378'>Randall, J.E. and D.F. Hoese 1985 Revision of the Indo-Pacific dartfishes, genus &lt;i&gt;Ptereleotris&lt;/i&gt; (Perciformes: Gobioidei). Indo-Pac. Fish. (7):36 p. (Ref. 528)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-07-24 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2005-08-08 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4378</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>Light blue to pale bluish gray; upper edge of operculum with a longitudinal iridescent blue band divided into 2 sections.  Caudal fin yellowish, some with an orangish streak passing anteriorly from spot; 1st dorsal fin not as high as the 2nd; 2nd dorsal and anal fins not elevated anteriorly; pelvic fins not long; base of pectoral fin usually with a blue-edged salmon-pink spot.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=528&amp;speccode=4378'>Randall, J.E. and D.F. Hoese 1985 Revision of the Indo-Pacific dartfishes, genus &lt;i&gt;Ptereleotris&lt;/i&gt; (Perciformes: Gobioidei). Indo-Pac. Fish. (7):36 p. (Ref. 528)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-07-24 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Dorsal spines (total): 7; Dorsal soft rays (total): 29 - 33;  Analspines: 1; Analsoft rays: 27 - 30; Vertebrae: 26</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=528&amp;speccode=4378'>Randall, J.E. and D.F. Hoese 1985 Revision of the Indo-Pacific dartfishes, genus &lt;i&gt;Ptereleotris&lt;/i&gt; (Perciformes: Gobioidei). Indo-Pac. Fish. (7):36 p. (Ref. 528)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-06-11 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Diseases</subject>
	<dc:description>Indo-Pacific:  Red Sea and East Africa to the Hawaiian, Line, Marquesas, and Society Islands, north to the Ryukyu Islands, south to Lord Howe Island; Mariana, Caroline, and Marshall Islands in Micronesia.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1602&amp;speccode=4378'>Myers, R.F. 1991 Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Uses-4378</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-06-11 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:title>Importance</dc:title>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
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	<dc:description>fisheries: commercial; aquarium: commercial</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9210'>Burgess, W.E., H.R. Axelrod and R.E. Hunziker III 1990 Dr. Burgess's atlas of marine aquarium fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey. 768 p.</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9210'>Burgess, W.E., H.R. Axelrod and R.E. Hunziker III 1990 Dr. Burgess's atlas of marine aquarium fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey. 768 p.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-TrophicStrategy-4378</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-07-25 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2007-09-04 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:source>heteroptera</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Adults occur in pairs, sharing the same burrow, remain together when feeding; juveniles occur in large groups &amp; many occupy the same refuge.        </dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=528&amp;speccode=4378'>Randall, J.E. and D.F. Hoese 1985 Revision of the Indo-Pacific dartfishes, genus &lt;i&gt;Ptereleotris&lt;/i&gt; (Perciformes: Gobioidei). Indo-Pac. Fish. (7):36 p. (Ref. 528)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-4378</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1991-06-11 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>John E. Randall</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4378</dc:source>
	<subject></subject>
	<dc:description>14.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 2798))</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2798&amp;speccode=4378'>Hoese, D.F. 1986 Gobiidae. p. 774-807. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 2798)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dcterms:created>1991-06-11 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-11-21 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4378</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology</subject>
	<dc:description>reef-associated; non-migratory (Ref. 52884); marine; depth range 5 - 80 m (Ref. 128797), usually 5 - 15 m (Ref. 27115)</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=52884&amp;speccode=4378'>Whiteman, E.A. and I.M. Côté 2004 Monogamy in marine fishes. Biol. Rev. 79:351-375. (Ref. 52884)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=128797&amp;speccode=4378'>Coleman, R., J.M. Copus, D.M. Coffey, R.K. Whitton and B.W. Bowen 2018 Shifting reef fish assemblages along a depth gradient in Pohnpei, Micronesia. PeerJ, 6: e4650. (Ref. 128797)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=27115&amp;speccode=4378'>Baensch, H.A. and H. Debelius 1997 SF457.1 .B3513 1994 Mergus Verlag GmbH, Postfach 86, 49302, Melle, Germany. 1216 p. 3rd edition. (Ref. 27115)</reference></dataObject>
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