FB-4457 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4457 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Acanthuriformes Siganidae Siganus Siganus spinus (Linnaeus, 1758) Chepsall Pa'ulu Safi Seeseege Batataway Bataway Batwayi Dangit Kataway Kitong Moblad Taragbago Toros Turos Danggit Sesjun Lille kaninfisk Black spinefoot Black trevally Blue-spotted trevally Bluntnosed spinefoot Blunt-nosed spinefoot Happy moments Little spinefoot Mi-mi Rabbitfish Scribbled rabbitfish Scribbled rabbit-fish Scribbled spinefoot Spiny rabbitfish Spiny spinefoot Spinefoot Nuqa nuqanuqa Petit sigan Picot rayé Ngisi-ngisi Tambago Ami-aigo Daggi Manahag Maniahak Seedson Sesdson Debam Dengkis Sikava Anefe Pa'ulu Paauara Pa'auara Alama Balawis Balawis batuhan Barangan Indongan Samaral Siganito Balawis Barangan Barangen pusa Batud Bawis kaluh Bayag bago Belowis kangkang Buras Dagge' Dayagbagu Epeng Epong Getgetan Gitong Kaekale pile Kitang Kola bungi Layap Mandalada Negifetiu Neg-neg Padas Palawa Sesjun Tabago Tayog Te maiva Turus 刺篮子鱼 刺籃子魚 臭肚 象鱼 黑篮子鱼 黑籃子魚 Amphacanthus guamensis Valenciennes, 1835 Amphacanthus marmoratus Quoy & Gaimard, 1825 Amphacanthus scaroides Bleeker, 1853 Amphacanthus striolatus (Günther, 1861) Amphacanthus tumifrons Valenciennes, 1835 Sigamus spinus (Linnaeus, 1758) Siganus fuscescens (non Houttuyn, 1782) Siganus marmorata (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825) Siganus marmoratus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825) Siganus rostratus (non Valenciennes, 1835) Siganus striolatus (Günther, 1861) Siganus tetrazonus (non Bleeker, 1855) Siganus tumifrons (Valenciennes, 1835) Siganus vermiculatus (non Valenciennes, 1835) Sparus spinus Linnaeus, 1758 Sparus spinus Osbeck, 1757 Teuthis marmorata (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825) Teuthis striolata Günther, 1861 Teuthis tumifrons (Valenciennes, 1835) Teuthis vermiculatus (non Valenciennes, 1835) 1991-06-19 2017-06-07 Fischer, W. and G. 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Erdmann0 Coral reef fishes of Timor-Leste. p. 33-82. In G.R. Allen and M.V. Erdmann (eds). A rapid biological assessment of Timor-Leste. Conservation International. (Ref. 118793) Hazes, B.0 Hazes' underwater photos. Collection of Philippine underwater photos. Unpublished. (Ref. 127519) Balisco, R.A.T., V.S. Ticzon, B.R. Samaniego, W.-C. Huang, B.J. Gonzales and T.-Y. Liao0 Marine fishes of Palawan, Philippines: species diversity, new records, and conservation status. Regional Studies in Marine Science 60(2023) 102825:1-10. (Ref. 130287) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) Petit-Marty, N., M. Vázquez-Luis and I.E. Hendriks0 Use of the nucleotide diversity in COI mitochondrial gene as an early diagnostic of conservation status of animal species. Conserv. Lett. 14(1):1-7. (Ref. 138103) FB-pic-4457-9149 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-02-24 2010-07-21 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4457 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Sispi_u2.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Sispi_u2.jpg FB-pic-4457-9150 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-02-24 2010-07-21 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4457 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses lagoon reef http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Sispi_u3.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Sispi_u3.jpg FB-pic-4457-34149 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 2002-09-04 2002-09-11 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4457 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Sispi_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Sispi_u0.gif FB-pic-4457-49104 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg Kathleen Kesner-Reyes 2008-06-24 2008-06-24 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4457 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Sispi_u5.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Sispi_u5.jpg Locality: Pagadian City, Zamboanga del Sur, Philippines. FB-GeneralDescr-4457 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-06-19 00:00:00 2017-06-07 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4457 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Adults inhabit shallow coral reef flats. Found in rivers (Ref. 12792, 48637). Occurs in small schools (usually less than 10 individuals). Juveniles gather in larger numbers in corals with algae-grown at their bases (Ref. 48637). Initially, they browse on fine textured, e.g. filamentous algae, switching to coarser algae with increasing size. Both adults and juveniles are diurnal feeders (Ref. 4666). Fry are marketed fresh, pickled in brine or made into fish paste (Ref. 9813). Can inflict painful stings (Ref. 4690). Woodland, D.J. 1990 Revision of the fish family Siganidae with descriptions of two new species and comments on distribution and biology. Indo-Pac. Fish. (19):136 p. (Ref. 1419) FB-DiagnosticDescr-4457 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1991-09-16 00:00:00 2012-11-30 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4457 The species can adopt a number of camouflage patterns involving off-white, pale gray to blackish, and various shades of brown. The basic pattern consists of a labyrinth of narrow bands with upper half vermiculate, the lower ones tend to meander horizontally. This pattern extends to the fins. Iris golden dissected by a chocolate cross. 4-5 irregular off-white bars on caudal peduncle. Scales fine on cheeks, densely packed over lower 2/3 of preopercular region. Midline of thorax without scales between pelvic ridges. Fin spines stout, pungent, venomous. Preopercular angle 87-100 degrees. Woodland, D.J. 1990 Revision of the fish family Siganidae with descriptions of two new species and comments on distribution and biology. Indo-Pac. Fish. (19):136 p. (Ref. 1419) FB-Morphology-4457 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1991-09-16 00:00:00 2012-11-30 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4457 Dorsal spines (total): 13; Dorsal soft rays (total): 10; Analspines: 7; Analsoft rays: 9; Vertebrae: 13 Woodland, D.J. 1990 Revision of the fish family Siganidae with descriptions of two new species and comments on distribution and biology. Indo-Pac. Fish. (19):136 p. (Ref. 1419) FB-Distribution-4457 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-06-19 00:00:00 2020-01-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4457 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Indo-West Pacific: Known from India to French Polynesia; north to Japan; south to New Caledonia. Woodland, D.J. 1990 Revision of the fish family Siganidae with descriptions of two new species and comments on distribution and biology. Indo-Pac. Fish. (19):136 p. (Ref. 1419) FB-Uses-4457 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-06-19 00:00:00 2017-06-07 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4457 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses fisheries: minor commercial; aquarium: commercial; price category: high; price reliability: questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this genus Woodland, D.J. 1990 Revision of the fish family Siganidae with descriptions of two new species and comments on distribution and biology. Indo-Pac. Fish. (19):136 p. (Ref. 1419) Baensch, H.A. and H. Debelius 1997 SF457.1 .B3513 1994 Mergus Verlag GmbH, Postfach 86, 49302, Melle, Germany. 1216 p. 3rd edition. (Ref. 27115) FB-TrophicStrategy-4457 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1991-09-16 00:00:00 2007-09-04 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public spinus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Postlarval & presumably the larval as well, are pelagic, live in dense schools away from the reefs in open water; presumed to feed on plankton. At an average size of 43 mm TL in spring, they perform highly synchronized mass migration onto the shoal areas of coral reefs. These small juveniles feed on finer textured algae (e.g. filamentous). As they mature, they ingest the coarser filamentous & fleshy algae, avoiding the blue-greens. Gross assimilation efficiency low; mean of 36% in juveniles, 16% in adults. This species is the smallest siganid; growth rate considerably low; hence, deemed not suitable for aquaculture. Woodland, D.J. 1990 Revision of the fish family Siganidae with descriptions of two new species and comments on distribution and biology. Indo-Pac. Fish. (19):136 p. (Ref. 1419) FB-Size-4457 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-06-19 00:00:00 2017-06-07 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4457 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy 28.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 9710)) Lieske, E. and R. Myers 1994 Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Haper Collins Publishers, 400 p. (Ref. 9710) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Diseases-4457-581 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-11-08 00:00:00 2002-11-08 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=4457&StockCode=4655 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Hemiurus Infestation 1. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-4457-383 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-11-08 00:00:00 2002-11-08 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=4457&StockCode=4655 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Hexangium Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Diseases-4457-446 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2002-11-08 00:00:00 2002-11-08 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=4457&StockCode=4655 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Procamallanus Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Arthur, J.R. and S. Lumanlan-Mayo 1997 Checklist of the parasites of fishes of the Philippines. FAO Fish. Tech. Pap. 369, 102 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 26129) FB-Habitat-4457 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-06-19 00:00:00 2017-06-07 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4457 reef-associated; marine; depth range 1 - 50 m (Ref. 28016), usually 1 - 20 m (Ref. 27115) al Sakaff, H. and M. Esseen 1999 Occurrence and distribution of fish species off Yemen (Gulf of Aden and Arabian Sea). Naga, ICLARM Q. 22(1):43-47. (Ref. 28016) Baensch, H.A. and H. Debelius 1997 SF457.1 .B3513 1994 Mergus Verlag GmbH, Postfach 86, 49302, Melle, Germany. 1216 p. 3rd edition. (Ref. 27115)