FB-4503 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4503 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Anabantiformes Osphronemidae Luciocephalus Luciocephalus pulcher (Gray, 1830) Szczupakoglów Geddehoved Geddehovedfisk Hechtkopf Pikehead Hauenpääkala Emplunyu Plunyu Tembok tebing щукоглав Gäddhuvudfisk 梭头鲈 梭頭鱸 Diplopterus pulcher Gray, 1830 1991-06-28 2008-02-06 Nelson, J.S.0 Fishes of the world. 2nd edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York. 523 p. (Ref. 245) Riehl, R. and H.A. Baensch0 Aquarien Atlas. Band. 1. Melle: Mergus, Verlag für Natur-und Heimtierkunde, Germany. 992 p. (Ref. 1672) Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517) Mohsin, A.K.M. and M.A. Ambak0 Freshwater fishes of Peninsular Malaysia. Penerbit Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, Malaysia. 284 p. (Ref. 4835) Kottelat, M., A.J. Whitten, S.N. Kartikasari and S. Wirjoatmodjo0 Freshwater fishes of Western Indonesia and Sulawesi. Periplus Editions, Hong Kong. 221 p. (Ref. 7050) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the University of British Columbia Fish Museum Fish Museum. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. (Ref. 10937) Eschmeyer, W.N.0 PISCES. Eschmeyer's PISCES database as published on the Internet in June 1997, URL: gopher://gopher.calacademy.org:640/7. (Ref. 12965) Riehl, R. and H.A. Baensch0 Aquarien Atlas, Band 1. 10th edition. Mergus Verlag GmBH, Melle, Germany. 992 p. (Ref. 13371) Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.)0 Catalog of fishes. Special Publication, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco. 3 vols. 2905 p. (Ref. 26282) Kokoscha, M.0 Fortpflanzung bei der Gattung <i>Luciocephalus</i>. p. 33-36. In H. Greven and R. Riehl (eds.) Fortpflanzungsbiologie der Aquarienfische. Birgit Schmettkamp Verlag, Bornheim, Germany. (Ref. 26492) Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982) Anonymous0 The icthyological collection of the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). Division of Ichthyology and Herpetology, Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). (Ref. 35508) Monkolprasit, S., S. Sontirat, S. Vimollohakarn and T. Songsirikul0 Checklist of Fishes in Thailand. Office of Environmental Policy and Planning, Bangkok, Thailand. 353 p. (Ref. 37773) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. (Ref. 40919) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414) Anonymous0 Fish collection of the Royal Ontario Museum. Royal Ontario Museum. (Ref. 47438) Ricker, W.E.0 Russian-English dictionary for students of fisheries and aquatic biology. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Ottawa. (Ref. 48321) Varjo, M., L. Koli and H. Dahlström0 Kalannimiluettelo (versio 10/03). Suomen Biologian Seura Vanamo Ry. (Ref. 51086) Carl, H.0 Danish fish names. Zoological Museum of Copenhagen. Unpublished. (Ref. 51471) Tan, H.H. and P.K.L. Ng0 The labyrinth fishes (Teleostei: Anabantoidei, Channoidei) of Sumatra, Indonesia. Raffles Bull. Zool. Supplement (13):115-138. (Ref. 56386) Kottelat, M. and E. Widjanarti0 The fishes of Danau Sentarum National Park and the Kapuas Lakes area, Kalimantan Barat, Indonesia. Raffles Bull. Zool. Supplement (13):139-173. (Ref. 56749) Vidthayanon, C.0 Peat swamp fishes of Thailand. Office of Environmental Policy and Planning, Bangkok, Thailand, 136 p. (Ref. 57235) Parenti, L.R. and K.K.P. Lim0 Fishes of the Rajang basin, Sarawak, Malaysia. Raffles Bull. Zool. Supplement (13):175-208. (Ref. 57780) BFAR0 List of ornamental fish species introduced to the Philippines through NAIA. Unpublished. (Ref. 57864) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis, 29 April 2008. (Ref. 75549) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882) Lim, K.K.P., H.H. Tan and J.K.Y. Low0 Fishes. p. 145-154. In G.W.H. Davison, P.KL. Ng and H.H. Chew (eds.). The Singapore red data book: threatened plants & animals of Singapore. 2nd ed. Nature Society (Singapore), Singapore. viii, 285 p. : col. ill.; 26 cm. (Ref. 85309) Lim, K.K.P.0 Checklists of threatened species: fishes, amphibians and reptiles. p. 263-264. In G.W.H. Davison, P.KL. Ng and H.H. Chew (eds.). The Singapore red data book: threatened plants & animals of Singapore. 2nd ed. Nature Society (Singapore), Singapore. viii, 285 p. : col. ill.; 26 cm. (Ref. 85350) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272) FB-GeneralDescr-4503 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-06-28 00:00:00 2008-02-06 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4503 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Occurs in streams and flooded forest among dense vegetation (Ref. 56749). Found in primary peats swamps. Mouth brooder (Ref. 57235). Highly protrusible jaws. The premaxillae can extend about 1/3 of the head length. Prey is captured by the fish making a rapid lunge and surrounding the prey with the open mouth. Nelson, J.S. 1984 Fishes of the world. 2nd edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York. 523 p. (Ref. 245) FB-DiagnosticDescr-4503 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Armi G. Torres 2007-11-17 00:00:00 2007-11-17 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4503 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Distinguished from Luciocephalus aura in the following characters: absence of numerous iridescent green spots on central stripe when live (vs. presence); presence of black irregular pattern on area below preorbital to central stripe (vs. absence); area just above anal-fin base with 3-4 dark brown blotches, which appear circular when body is viewed ventrally (vs. absence of such markings); yellowish caudal fin with 3-5 broad vertical black bars (vs. brownish caudal fin with 3-7 narrow iridescent vertical gold bars); presence of markings on anal and pelvic (vs. absence); shorter caudal-fin length (total length 120.0-125.6% SL vs. 123.7-127.1); shorter postdorsal length (10.4-12.4% SL vs. 12.0-13.2); greater head length (44.1-48.6% SL vs. 43.3-45.9); smaller caudal peduncle depth (8.9-10.6% SL vs 10.7-11.2); and relatively shorter anal-fin base length (19.3-23.4% SL vs. 23.6-24.5) (Ref. 56386). Tan, H.H. and P.K.L. Ng 2005 The labyrinth fishes (Teleostei: Anabantoidei, Channoidei) of Sumatra, Indonesia. Raffles Bull. Zool. Supplement (13):115-138. (Ref. 56386) FB-Morphology-4503 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Armi G. Torres 2007-11-17 00:00:00 2007-11-17 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4503 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Dorsal soft rays (total): 10 - 12; Anal spines: 0 - 1; Analsoft rays: 19 - 21; Vertebrae: 38 - 40 Tan, H.H. and P.K.L. Ng 2005 The labyrinth fishes (Teleostei: Anabantoidei, Channoidei) of Sumatra, Indonesia. Raffles Bull. Zool. Supplement (13):115-138. (Ref. 56386) FB-Distribution-4503 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Kent E. Carpenter 1992-06-15 00:00:00 2018-03-08 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4503 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Asia: Peninsular Thailand, Malaysia, Brunei Darussalam and Indonesia (Ref. 56386) and Singapore (Ref. 85309). Tan, H.H. and P.K.L. Ng 2005 The labyrinth fishes (Teleostei: Anabantoidei, Channoidei) of Sumatra, Indonesia. Raffles Bull. Zool. Supplement (13):115-138. (Ref. 56386) FB-Uses-4503 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-06-28 00:00:00 2008-02-06 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4503 fisheries: commercial; aquarium: commercial Tan, H.H. and P.K.L. Ng 2005 The labyrinth fishes (Teleostei: Anabantoidei, Channoidei) of Sumatra, Indonesia. Raffles Bull. Zool. Supplement (13):115-138. (Ref. 56386) Tan, H.H. and P.K.L. Ng 2005 The labyrinth fishes (Teleostei: Anabantoidei, Channoidei) of Sumatra, Indonesia. Raffles Bull. Zool. Supplement (13):115-138. (Ref. 56386) FB-LifeCycle-4503 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1991-06-28 00:00:00 2008-02-06 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=4503&StockCode=6143 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Males are mouthbrooding for about 30 days. Kokoscha, M. 1995 Fortpflanzung bei der Gattung <i>Luciocephalus</i>. p. 33-36. In H. Greven and R. Riehl (eds.) Fortpflanzungsbiologie der Aquarienfische. Birgit Schmettkamp Verlag, Bornheim, Germany. (Ref. 26492) FB-Size-4503 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1991-06-28 00:00:00 2008-02-06 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4503 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats 20.0 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 57235)) Vidthayanon, C. 2002 Peat swamp fishes of Thailand. Office of Environmental Policy and Planning, Bangkok, Thailand, 136 p. (Ref. 57235) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-4503 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Kent E. Carpenter 1991-06-28 00:00:00 2008-02-06 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4503 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution benthopelagic; freshwater; pH range: 6.0 - 7.5; dH range: 15