FB-46978 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=46978 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Gadiformes Macrouridae Nezumia Nezumia namatahi McCann & McKnight, 1980 Billy bougain Cardinal scorpionfish Cook's rockcod Cook's scorpionfish Coral cod Eastern red scorpioncod Eastern red scorpionfish Fire cod Northern scorpionfish Ocean perch Prickly heat Red rock cod Red scorpion fish Red scorpion-cod Sandy-bay cod Scorpionfish Matuawhaapuku 主鮋 主鲉 库克氏鲉 庫克氏鮋 Ruboralga cardinalis (Solander & Richardson, 1842) Ruboralga cookii (Günther, 1874) Scorpaena cooki Günther, 1874 Scorpaena cookii Günther, 1874 Scorpaena plebeia Solander, 1842 1998-03-06 2014-07-07 Günther, A.0 Andrew Garrett's Fische der Sudsee. Band I, Heft 3. J. Mus. Godeffroy 2(7):58-96. (Ref. 489) Burgess, W.E., H.R. Axelrod and R.E. Hunziker III0 Dr. Burgess's Atlas der Meerwasser Aquarium Fische. Bede Verlag, Kollnburg, Germany. (Ref. 2272) Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517) Paulin, C., A. Stewart, C. Roberts and P. McMillan0 New Zealand fish: a complete guide. National Museum of New Zealand Miscellaneous Series No. 19. 279 p. (Ref. 5755) Francis, M.P.0 Checklist of the coastal fishes of Lord Howe, Norfolk, and Kermadec Islands, Southwest Pacific Ocean. Pac. Sci. 47(2):136-170. (Ref. 8879) Russell, B.C.0 The food and feeding habits of rocky reef fish of north-eastern New Zealand. N.Z. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 17(2):121-145. (Ref. 26966) Randall, J.E.0 Randall's tank photos. Collection of 10,000 large-format photos (slides) of dead fishes. Unpublished. (Ref. 28618) Randall, J.E.0 Randall's underwater photos. Collection of almost 2,000 underwater photos (slides). Unpublished. (Ref. 28620) Francis, M.P., R.V. Grace and C.D. Paulin0 Coastal fishes of the Kermadec Islands. N.Z. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 21(1):1-13. (Ref. 28787) Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Gulf Coast Research Laboratory (GCRL). The Gulf Coast Research Laboratory (GCRL), Ocean Springs, Mississippi, USA. (Ref. 34634) Poss, S.G.0 Scorpaenidae. Scorpionfishes (also, lionfishes, rockfishes, stingfishes, stonefishes, and waspfishes). p. 2291-2352. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 4. Bony fishes part 2 (Mugilidae to Carangidae). Rome, FAO. 2069-2790 p. (Ref. 39597) Francis, M.0 Coastal fishes of New Zealand. An identification guide, revised edition. Reed Publishing Ltd, Auckland. (Ref. 40611) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414) Francis, M.P.0 Geographic distribution of marine reef fishes in the New Zealand region. N.Z. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 30:35-55. (Ref. 45524) Seafood Services Australia0 Australian fish names list. http://www.seafoodservices.com.au/, version 16 September 2003. (Ref. 50831) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) Francis, M.0 Coastal fishes of New Zealand: an identification guide. Reed Publishing (NZ), Ltd., Auckland. Third edition. 103 pp. (Ref. 58932) Paul, L.0 New Zealand fishes. Identification, natural history and fisheries. Reed Books, Auckland. (Ref. 72381) Hirt-Chabbert, J.0 Fish species of New Zealand. A photographic guide. Reed Publishing, (NZ) Ltd. 135 p. (Ref. 72382) Hoese, D.F., D.J. Bray, J.R. Paxton and G.R. Allen0 Fishes. In Beasley, O.L. and A. Wells (eds.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volume 35 Australia: ABRS & CSIRO Publishing, 2178 p. (Ref. 75154) Motomura, H., P. Béarez and R. Causse0 Review of Indo-Pacific specimens of the subfamily Scorpaeninae (Scorpaenidae), deposited in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, with description of a new species of <i>Neomerinthe</i>. Cybium 35(1):55-73. (Ref. 86966) Lee Marsh, S.0 Fish fauna observations at the Kermadec Island Group (N.Z.). TANE 31:145-153. (Ref. 89012) Waite, E.R.0 A list of the known fishes of Kermadec and Norfolk Islands, and a comparison with those of Lord Howe Island. Trans. N.Z. Inst. 42:370-383. (Ref. 89275) Ministry of Fisheries0 MFish approved species codes - Table 1-4. http://www.fish.govt.nz/en-nz/International/High+Seas+Fishing/MFish+Approved+Species+Codes/MFish+Approved+Species+Codes+01.htm?wbc_purpose=Basic%2526WBCMODE (Ref. 89583) Francis, M.P. and R.G. Cole0 Diversity, biogeography and abundance of Kermadec Islands coastal fishes. Proceedings of the Kermadec Symposium, August 2010. 98p. (Ref. 89926) Motomura, H., C.D. Struthers, M.A. McGrouther and A.L. Stewart0 Validity of <i>Scorpaena jacksoniensis</i> and a redescription of <i>S. cardinalis</i>, a senior synonym of <i>S. cookii</i> (Scorpaeniformes: Scorpaenidae). Ichthyol. Res. 58 (4):315-332. (Ref. 93606) Stewart, J. and J.M. Hughes0 Life-history traits of the southern hemisphere eastern red scorpionfish, <i>Scorpaena cardinalis</i> (Scorpaenidae: Scorpaeninae). Mar Freshwater Res 61:1290-1297. (Ref. 93630) Patzner, R.A.0 Reproductive strategies of fish. pp. 311-350. In Rocha, M.J., A. Arukwe and B.G. Kapoor (eds). Fish reproduction: cytology, biology and ecology. Science Publisher, Inc. Oxford. 631 p. (Ref. 101194) Duffy, C.A.J. and S.T. Ahyong0 Annotated checklist of the marine flora and fauna of the Kermadec Islands Marine Reserve and northern Kermadec Ridge, New Zealand. Bulletin of the Auckland Museum 20:19-124. (Ref. 106682) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-pic-46983-2768 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1995-01-27 2013-11-13 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=46983 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Sccoo_u0.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Sccoo_u0.jpg FB-pic-46983-2769 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1995-01-27 2013-11-13 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=46983 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Sccoo_u1.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Sccoo_u1.jpg FB-pic-46983-21343 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1999-05-24 2013-11-13 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=46983 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat lagoon http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Sccoo_u2.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Sccoo_u2.jpg FB-pic-46983-21344 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1999-05-24 2013-11-13 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=46983 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Sccoo_u3.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Sccoo_u3.jpg FB-GeneralDescr-46983 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1998-03-06 00:00:00 2013-06-12 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=46983 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Inhabits rocks, crevices and caverns at all depths. Occasionally found in large rock pools in the lower littoral zone. Is nocturnally active and feeds mainly on small mobile benthic animals. Stalks its prey and swallows it whole (Ref. 26966). Motomura, H., C.D. Struthers, M.A. McGrouther and A.L. Stewart 2011 Validity of <i>Scorpaena jacksoniensis</i> and a redescription of <i>S. cardinalis</i>, a senior synonym of <i>S. cookii</i> (Scorpaeniformes: Scorpaenidae). Ichthyol. Res. 58 (4):315-332. (Ref. 93606) FB-DiagnosticDescr-46983 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 2013-06-12 00:00:00 2013-06-12 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=46983 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size This species is distinguished by the following set of characters: D 9 (8 rays in one specimen), with the 4th (rarely third) dorsal-fin spine longest; pectoral-fin rays 16-18 (mode 17); scale rows in longitudinal series 60-74 (68); pored lateral-line scales 23-25 (24); scales above lateral line 6-9 (8), below 21-26 (22); scale rows between 6th dorsal-fin spine base and lateral line 8 or 9 (9); scale rows between last dorsal-fin spine base and lateral line 8-11 (10); pre-dorsal scale rows 4-8 (6); gill rakers on upper limb 4-6 (5), lower limb 9-13 (12) [8-10 (9) and 1-4 (3) rakers on ceratohyal and hypobranchial, respectively], total rakers 14-18 (17); exposed cycloid scales covering pectoral-fin base and anteroventral surface of body (some scales covered by thin skin, especially in large adults); no longitudinal ridge on lateral surface of maxilla; lateral lacrimal spine with 2 spinous points; anterior lacrimal spine with 1-3 small spinous points on its posterior margin; posterior lacrima spine with 1-3 spinous points, directed posteroventraly throughout life; median interorbital ridge present; no coonal spines; occipital pit and supplement preopercular spine present; pterotic spine simple, smooth distally throughout life; space between upper and lower opercular spines covered by thin skin without sensory pores or canals; a few skin flaps or tentacles on anterodorsal surface of body; without a large black blotch on spinous portion of dorsal fin in both sexes; 2 large white blotches, their diameters subequal to pupil diameter, on caudal-fin base (Ref. 93606). Motomura, H., C.D. Struthers, M.A. McGrouther and A.L. Stewart 2011 Validity of <i>Scorpaena jacksoniensis</i> and a redescription of <i>S. cardinalis</i>, a senior synonym of <i>S. cookii</i> (Scorpaeniformes: Scorpaenidae). Ichthyol. Res. 58 (4):315-332. (Ref. 93606) FB-Morphology-46983 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 2013-06-12 00:00:00 2013-06-12 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=46983 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Dorsal soft rays (total): 89 Motomura, H., C.D. Struthers, M.A. McGrouther and A.L. Stewart 2011 Validity of <i>Scorpaena jacksoniensis</i> and a redescription of <i>S. cardinalis</i>, a senior synonym of <i>S. cookii</i> (Scorpaeniformes: Scorpaenidae). Ichthyol. Res. 58 (4):315-332. (Ref. 93606) FB-Distribution-46983 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1998-03-06 00:00:00 2025-11-05 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=46983 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Southwest Pacific: northern New Zealand and offshore islands of the Tasman Sea (Norfolk and Lord Howe Islands, Middleton and Elizabeth Reefs, New South Wales, Australia; not recorded from the coastal waters of Australian mainland). Motomura, H., C.D. Struthers, M.A. McGrouther and A.L. Stewart 2011 Validity of <i>Scorpaena jacksoniensis</i> and a redescription of <i>S. cardinalis</i>, a senior synonym of <i>S. cookii</i> (Scorpaeniformes: Scorpaenidae). Ichthyol. Res. 58 (4):315-332. (Ref. 93606) FB-TrophicStrategy-46983 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1998-08-29 00:00:00 2008-11-10 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public cardinalis http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Occurs in inshore waters of the continental shelf (Ref. 75154). Prey is stalked and swallowed whole (Ref. 26966). Russell, B.C. 1983 The food and feeding habits of rocky reef fish of north-eastern New Zealand. N.Z. J. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 17(2):121-145. (Ref. 26966) FB-Size-46983 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1998-03-06 00:00:00 2013-06-12 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=46983 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses 40.5 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 93630)); max. reported age: 33 years (Ref. 93630) Stewart, J. and J.M. Hughes 2010 Life-history traits of the southern hemisphere eastern red scorpionfish, <i>Scorpaena cardinalis</i> (Scorpaenidae: Scorpaeninae). Mar Freshwater Res 61:1290-1297. (Ref. 93630) Stewart, J. and J.M. Hughes 2010 Life-history traits of the southern hemisphere eastern red scorpionfish, <i>Scorpaena cardinalis</i> (Scorpaenidae: Scorpaeninae). Mar Freshwater Res 61:1290-1297. (Ref. 93630) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-46983 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1998-03-06 00:00:00 2013-06-12 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=46983 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats reef-associated; marine; depth range 0 - 154 m (Ref. 93606) Motomura, H., C.D. Struthers, M.A. McGrouther and A.L. Stewart 2011 Validity of <i>Scorpaena jacksoniensis</i> and a redescription of <i>S. cardinalis</i>, a senior synonym of <i>S. cookii</i> (Scorpaeniformes: Scorpaenidae). Ichthyol. Res. 58 (4):315-332. (Ref. 93606)