FB-4739 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4739 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Acanthuriformes Acanthuridae Acanthurus Acanthurus nigrofuscus (Forsskål, 1775) Masch Cirurgião castanho Bruin doktervis Juneh Keen Indangan Mungit Brun kirurgfisk Brauner Doktorfisch Blackspot surgeonfish Brown surgeon Brown surgeonfish Dusky surgeon Dusky surgeonfish Lavender tang Spot-cheeked surgeonfish Surgeonfish Kuldtups-kirurgkala Balagi dridri Chirurgien brun Maiii Naganiza Teeeo Neythala Pala നെയ് ത്തള  നെയ്തല പല പാള Barat-barat Debam Debam perang Dengkis Ponepone Kangaja Ma'aua Koli Indangan Labahita Bakwak Bit Bobona Hami Hangsa Hugupao dankulo Ig-angung Kadlitan Kalahandi Labahita Maito Mar-re-fasch Mongit Mwochepag Orohea Palid Rykathi Sovahan Surahan 斑面倒吊 褐斑刺尾魚 褐斑刺尾鯛 褐斑刺尾鱼 褐斑刺尾鲷 馬頭刺尾魚 马头刺尾鱼 Acanthurus bipunctatus (non Günther, 1861) Acanthurus elongatus (non Lacepède, 1802) Acanthurus flavoguttatus (non Kittlitz, 1834) Acanthurus fuliginosus Lesson, 1831 Acanthurus gahm (non Forsskål, 1775) Acanthurus lineolatus Valenciennes, 1835 Acanthurus marginatus (non Valenciennes, 1835) Acanthurus mata (non Cuvier, 1829) Acanthurus matoides Valenciennes, 1835 Acanthurus nigroris (non Valenciennes, 1835) Acanthurus rubropunctatus Rüppell, 1829 Chaetodon nigrofuscus Forsskål, 1775 Ctenodon rubropunctatus (Rüppell, 1829) Hepatus elongatus (non Lacepède, 1802) Hepatus fuliginosus (Lesson, 1831) Hepatus lineolatus (Valenciennes, 1835) Hepatus lucillae Fowler, 1938 Teuthis bipunctatus (non Günther, 1861) Teuthis elongatus (non Lacepède, 1802) Teuthis lucillae (Fowler, 1938) 1991-11-26 2017-03-15 Breder, C.M. and D.E. 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Excel file "MyReport_Species_21May2019". (Ref. 121724) University of Western Australia0 Benthic BRUVS data 2019. Video BRUVS from Jessica Meeuwig. (Ref. 122752) Qiu, S., B. Chen, J. Du, K.-H. Loh, J. Liao, X. Liu and W. Yang0 Checklist of the coral fish fauna of Xisha Islands, China. Biodiversity Data Journal 9: e63945. (Ref. 123833) van der Elst, Rudy, Simon Chater and Dennis King0 Fishes from Bassas Da India Atoll in the Mozambique Channel. Atoll Research Bulletin No. 629. (Ref. 124899) Hazes, B.0 Hazes' underwater photos. Collection of Philippine underwater photos. Unpublished. (Ref. 127519) Balisco, R.A.T., V.S. Ticzon, B.R. Samaniego, W.-C. Huang, B.J. Gonzales and T.-Y. Liao0 Marine fishes of Palawan, Philippines: species diversity, new records, and conservation status. Regional Studies in Marine Science 60(2023) 102825:1-10. (Ref. 130287) DiBattista, J.D., M.L. Berumen, M.R. Gaither, L.A. Rocha, J.A. Eble, J.H. Choat, M.T. Craig, D.J. Skillings and B.W. Bowen0 After continents divide: comparative phylogeography of reef fishes from the Red Sea and Indian Ocean. J. Biogeogr. 40(6):1170-1181. (Ref. 130433) Chu, E. and D. Pauly0 The relationship between mean length at maturity and maximum length in coral reef fish. Fishes 9(4)[130]:1-18. (Ref. 131468) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-pic-4739-1971 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1994-12-25 2010-07-09 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4739 http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Acnig_u1.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Acnig_u1.jpg FB-pic-4739-9684 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-03-05 2000-11-13 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4739 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Acnig_u6.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Acnig_u6.jpg Locality: Kaneohe, Oahu, Hawaii. FB-pic-4739-9685 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-03-05 2000-11-13 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4739 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Acnig_u7.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Acnig_u7.jpg Locality: Moku Manu, Oahu, Hawaii. FB-pic-4739-9686 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-03-05 2000-11-13 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4739 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Acnig_u8.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Acnig_u8.jpg Locality: Moku Manu, Oahu, Hawaii. FB-pic-4739-9687 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-03-05 2000-11-13 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4739 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Acnig_u9.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Acnig_u9.jpg FB-pic-4739-9688 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-03-05 2000-11-13 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4739 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Acnig_ua.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Acnig_ua.jpg Locality: Ras Muhammad, Sinai, Egypt. FB-pic-4739-9689 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-03-05 2000-11-13 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4739 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Acnig_ub.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Acnig_ub.jpg FB-pic-4739-11800 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1996-08-27 2000-11-13 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4739 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Acnig_u2.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Acnig_u2.gif FB-pic-4739-37219 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 2003-04-09 2005-07-22 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4739 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Acnig_u5.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Acnig_u5.gif FB-GeneralDescr-4739 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1991-11-26 00:00:00 2017-03-15 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4739 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Found on hard substrates of shallow lagoon and seaward reefs from the lower surge zone to a depth of more than 15 m (Ref. 27825). Benthopelagic (Ref. 58302). Feed on filamentous algae. Form spawning aggregations (Ref. 27825, 48637). Adults usually in small groups, but form large schools in some oceanic locations. Juveniles are often seen in mixed species aggregations (Ref. 48637). Species at the bottom of the 'pecking order' among surgeon fishes, and as a result employs the strategy of feeding in large schools that overwhelm the territorial defenses of other herbivores (Ref. 1602). Caught with nets (Ref. 30573). Can be eaten both raw and cooked (Ref. 7364). Maximum depth reported at 25m (Ref. 027115) Randall, J.E. 1956 A revision of the surgeonfish genus <i>Acanthurus</i>. Pac. Sci. 10(2):159-235. (Ref. 1920) FB-DiagnosticDescr-4739 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1991-12-03 00:00:00 2013-04-29 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4739 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Brown in color when preserved; with or without fine bluish gray longitudinal lines on body; pale pectoral fins with upper edge narrowly black; pelvic fins brown. Lips blackish brown; median upper teeth tend to be pointed. Dorsal fin base with a prominent black spot larger than 1/2 eye diameter; a smaller spot on base of anal fin. Groove of caudal spine encircled with a narrow black margin. Gill rakers on anterior row:20-24; on posterior row:18-23.Description: Characterized further by having a caudal spine length about 3.0 in head length; greatest depth of body 2.0-2.3 in SL (Ref. 90102). Randall, J.E. 1956 A revision of the surgeonfish genus <i>Acanthurus</i>. Pac. Sci. 10(2):159-235. (Ref. 1920) FB-Morphology-4739 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1991-12-03 00:00:00 2013-04-29 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4739 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Dorsal spines (total): 9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 24 - 27; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 22 - 24 Randall, J.E. 1956 A revision of the surgeonfish genus <i>Acanthurus</i>. Pac. Sci. 10(2):159-235. (Ref. 1920) FB-Distribution-4739 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1991-11-26 00:00:00 2018-05-11 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4739 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Indo-Pacific: Red Sea south to Transkei, South Africa (Ref. 3145) and east to the Hawaiian and Tuamoto islands, north to southern Japan, south to the southern Great Barrier Reef, New Caledonia, and Rapa (Austral Islands). Myers, R.F. 1991 Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602) FB-Uses-4739 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1991-11-26 00:00:00 2017-03-15 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4739 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats fisheries: commercial; aquarium: commercial Miyasaka, A. 1993 A database on scientific and common names of fishes exported from Hawaii. The information was derived from the above mentioned database. A printout of the names is also available from the State of Hawaii, Department of Land and Natural Resources, 1151 Punchbowl Street, Honolulu, Hawaii. (Ref. 5358) FB-LifeCycle-4739 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-11-26 00:00:00 2017-03-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=4739&StockCode=4963 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Diseases Form spawning aggregations (Ref. 27825). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-TrophicStrategy-4739 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 2019-07-23 00:00:00 2019-07-23 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public nigrofuscus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Diseases Found on hard substrates of shallow lagoon and seaward reefs from the lower surge zone to a depth of more than 15 m. Herbivorous, feeds on filamentous Ref. 43650) and turf algae (Ref. 59111). Form spawning aggregations (Ref. 27825, 48637). Adults usually in small groups, but form large schools in some oceanic locations. Juveniles are often seen in mixed species aggregations (Ref. 48637). A species at the bottom of the 'pecking order' among surgeon fishes, and as a result employs the strategy of feeding in large schools that overwhelm the territorial defenses of other herbivores (Ref. 1602). During feeding, each bite is characterized by a quick nip at algal filaments, usually followed by a sidewards flick of the head. The jaws bear several broad multidenticulate teeth which appear engage turf algal strands either sheared during mouth closure or torn off as the head flicks sideways (Ref. 59059). Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose 1984 Food habits of teleostean reef fishes in Okinawa Island, southern Japan. University of Tokyo Bulletin, no. 25. v,128p. University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo, Japan. 128 p. (Ref. 6110) FB-Size-4739 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1991-11-26 00:00:00 2017-03-15 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4739 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Diseases 21.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 30573)) Sommer, C., W. Schneider and J.-M. Poutiers 1996 FAO species identification field guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of Somalia. FAO, Rome. 376 p. (Ref. 30573) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Diseases Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-4739 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1991-11-26 00:00:00 2017-03-15 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=4739 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat reef-associated; non-migratory (Ref. 56001); marine; depth range 0 - 25 m (Ref. 48637), usually 2 - 25 m (Ref. 27115) Fishelson, L., L.W. Montgomery and A.H. Myrberg Jr. 1987 Biology of surgeonfish <i>Acanthurus nigrofuscus</i> with emphasis on changeover in diet and annual gonadal cycles. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 39:37-47. (Ref. 56001) Kuiter, R.H. and T. Tonozuka 2001 Pictorial guide to Indonesian reef fishes. Part 3. Jawfishes - Sunfishes, Opistognathidae - Molidae. Zoonetics, Australia. p. 623-893. (Ref. 48637) Baensch, H.A. and H. Debelius 1997 SF457.1 .B3513 1994 Mergus Verlag GmbH, Postfach 86, 49302, Melle, Germany. 1216 p. 3rd edition. (Ref. 27115)