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	<dc:identifier>FB-47590</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=47590</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Siluriformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Doradidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Trachydoras</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Trachydoras brevis (Kner, 1853)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Bacu</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Bacu pedra</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Baiacu</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Botoado</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Daqueiro</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Rebeca</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Vacu</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='de'>Gemeiner Dornwels</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Spiny catfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Talking catfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fi'>Kirjo-okamonni</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Silure cataphracte</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Bagre hueso</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Cron cron dilé</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Kronkron dilé</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Palakta</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>棘鯰(刺陶樂鯰)</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>棘鲶(刺陶乐鲶)</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='ambiguous synonym'>Callichthys asper Gronow, 1854</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Cataphractus americanus Bloch &amp; Schneider, 1801</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='ambiguous synonym'>Cataphractus americanus Lacepède, 1903</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Doras blochii Valenciennes, 1840</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='ambiguous synonym'>Doras castaneoventris Jardine, 1841</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Silurus cataphractus Linnaeus, 1758</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1998-04-11</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2022-05-17</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1652&amp;speccode=47599'>Linnaeus, C.0 Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordinus, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae. 824 p. (Ref. 1652)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4517&amp;speccode=47599'>Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6868&amp;speccode=47599'>Burgess, W.E.0 An atlas of freshwater and marine catfishes. A preliminary survey of the Siluriformes. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey (USA). 784 p. (Ref. 6868)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=13371&amp;speccode=47599'>Riehl, R. and H.A. Baensch0 Aquarien Atlas, Band 1. 10th edition. Mergus Verlag GmBH, Melle, Germany. 992 p. (Ref. 13371)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26282&amp;speccode=47599'>Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.)0 Catalog of fishes. Special Publication, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco. 3 vols. 2905 p. (Ref. 26282)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=27116&amp;speccode=47599'>McAllister, D.E.0 A working list of fishes of the world. Copies available from D.E. McAllister, Canadian Museum of Nature, P.O. Box 3443, Ottawa, Ontario K1P 6P4, Canada. 2661 p. plus 1270 p. Index. (Ref. 27116)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=27188&amp;speccode=47599'>Boujard, T., M. Pascal, F.J. Meunier and P.-Y. Le Bail0 Poissons de Guyane. Guide écologique de l'Approuague et de la réserve des Nouragues. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Paris, 219 p. (Ref. 27188)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31402&amp;speccode=47599'>Swedish Museum of Natural History0 Fish collection database of the Naturhistoriska riksmuseet (Swedish Museum of Natural History). Ichthyology Section, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden. (Ref. 31402)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=47599'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31982&amp;speccode=47599'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982)</reference>
	<reference isbn='2-86515-117-4' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35381&amp;speccode=47599'>Le Bail, P.-Y., P. Keith and P. Planquette0 Atlas des poissons d'eau douce de Guyane. Tome 2, Fascicule II: Siluriformes. Collection Patrimoines Naturels 43(II): 307p. Paris: Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle. (Ref. 35381)</reference>
	<reference isbn='85-7430-361-5' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=37054&amp;speccode=47599'>Sabaj, M.H. and C.J. Ferraris Jr.0 Doradidae (Thorny catfishes). p. 456-469. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 37054)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=38732&amp;speccode=47599'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=40919&amp;speccode=47599'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. (Ref. 40919)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41414&amp;speccode=47599'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51086&amp;speccode=47599'>Varjo, M., L. Koli and H. Dahlström0 Kalannimiluettelo (versio 10/03). Suomen Biologian Seura Vanamo Ry. (Ref. 51086)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=47599'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=86305&amp;speccode=47599'>Mutti Pedreira, J.M.0 Dicionário de peixes de couro do Brasil. SUDAM, Belém, Assessoria de Programação e Coordenação Divisão de Documentação. 122 p. (Ref. 86305)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=97589&amp;speccode=47599'>Casatti, L., M.A. Pérez-Mayorga, F.R. Carvalho, G.L. Brejão and I.D. da Costa0 The stream fish fauna from the rio Machado basin, Rondônia State, Brazil. Check List 9(6):1496-1504. (Ref. 97589)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=137577&amp;speccode=47599'>Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577)</reference><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-GeneralDescr-47599</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Armi G. Torres</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1998-04-11 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2008-07-31 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=47599</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Abundant in calm waters of swamps and mangroves (Ref. 27188).  Omnivorous, feeds mainly on organic wastes.  Searches for food by digging in the sediment.  Active at night, lies hidden in the underwater roots and stocks during the day.  Every basic unit of the sound they emit when  they move their pectoral spine lasts 100-200 milliseconds with a frequency of 170-250 Hertz (Ref. 35381).  Maximum length reported to reach 20 cm TL (Ref. 35381).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6868&amp;speccode=47599'>Burgess, W.E. 1989 An atlas of freshwater and marine catfishes. A preliminary survey of the Siluriformes. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey (USA). 784 p. (Ref. 6868)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-DiagnosticDescr-47599</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Pascualita Sa-a</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2000-08-30 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2000-08-30 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>The body is a little elongated, without scales, with one lateral range of bony plaque.  The head is large and flattened.  Mouth terminal, and has three pairs of barbels.  Eyes are small (Ref. 35381).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='2-86515-117-4' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35381&amp;speccode=47599'>Le Bail, P.-Y., P. Keith and P. Planquette 2000 Atlas des poissons d'eau douce de Guyane. Tome 2, Fascicule II: Siluriformes. Collection Patrimoines Naturels 43(II): 307p. Paris: Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle. (Ref. 35381)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Morphology-47599</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Pascualita Sa-a</agent>
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	<dc:description>Dorsal spines (total): 1; Dorsal soft rays (total): 5; Analsoft rays: 10 - 11</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='2-86515-117-4' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35381&amp;speccode=47599'>Le Bail, P.-Y., P. Keith and P. Planquette 2000 Atlas des poissons d'eau douce de Guyane. Tome 2, Fascicule II: Siluriformes. Collection Patrimoines Naturels 43(II): 307p. Paris: Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle. (Ref. 35381)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-47599</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Armi G. Torres</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1998-04-11 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-01-11 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology</subject>
	<dc:description>South America:  Amazon River basin and coastal drainages of French Guiana, Guyana and Suriname.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='85-7430-361-5' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=37054&amp;speccode=47599'>Sabaj, M.H. and C.J. Ferraris Jr. 2003 Doradidae (Thorny catfishes). p. 456-469. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 37054)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Uses-47599</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Armi G. Torres</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1998-04-11 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2008-07-31 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Importance</dc:title>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>fisheries: of no interest; aquarium: commercial</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=27188&amp;speccode=47599'>Boujard, T., M. Pascal, F.J. Meunier and P.-Y. Le Bail 1997 Poissons de Guyane. Guide écologique de l'Approuague et de la réserve des Nouragues. Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Paris, 219 p. (Ref. 27188)</reference>
	<reference isbn='2-86515-117-4' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35381&amp;speccode=47599'>Le Bail, P.-Y., P. Keith and P. Planquette 2000 Atlas des poissons d'eau douce de Guyane. Tome 2, Fascicule II: Siluriformes. Collection Patrimoines Naturels 43(II): 307p. Paris: Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle. (Ref. 35381)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-47599</dc:identifier>
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	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=47599</dc:source>
	<dc:description>11.5 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 37054))</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='85-7430-361-5' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=37054&amp;speccode=47599'>Sabaj, M.H. and C.J. Ferraris Jr. 2003 Doradidae (Thorny catfishes). p. 456-469. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 37054)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>demersal; freshwater; pH range: 6.0 - 7.5; dH range: 4 - 25</dc:description>
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