FB-48 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=48 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Blenniiformes Blenniidae Parablennius Parablennius gattorugine (Linnaeus, 1758) Horngjel belona Belona pospolita Agulha Agulhão Catuta Peixe agulha Piexe agulha Peshku lejlek Aiguille Arafida Boulmarayet bumhiît Boumekhiat Bumsella Khirm Misella M'sella Sebta Spetone Zargan Acudia Cornbig Almindelig hornfisk Hornfisk Gemeiner Hornhecht Gewöhnlicher Hornhecht Grünknochen Hornfisch Hornhecht Schneefell Sturmfisch Garfish Gar-fish Garpike Greenbone Hornfish Harilik tuulehaug tuulehaug Hornfiskur Hornsild Nokkakala Agulio Aguglia Aguia Aguïo Agujo Aiguille Aiguille de mer Aiguillette Anguillo Orphie Orphie commune Orphie vulgaire Poisson cornu Belon Igla Iglica Jagla Jigla Zigulja Geirsili Hornfiskur Ache Acor Acura Agun Agora Agugghia Aguggia Aguglia Aguglia d'aliga Aguja Aguzzello Angosigola Angusigolo Aquile Augghia Augghia 'i funnu Auje Beccassin Beccone Becculongu Bisigola Guje Nguscere Ugghia Visigola acus vējzivs vėjažuvė Imsella Imsella komuni Khirm Sargan Сарган обыкновенный Iglica Gaugnet Green bane Needle fish Häbbgadda Horngädda Näbbgädda Zargana Сарган Сарган звичайний Agulla Aguja Ahulla Alpabarda Corsito Guya Lanzón Saltón Agulla Agulla prima Agudja Agüglia An chorr uaine Brod-iasg Geep Iglica Zargan Zărgan Zargana Zargána Βελόνι Βελονίδα Ζαργάνα 細頜針魚 细颌针鱼 頜針魚 颌针鱼 Belone acus Risso, 1827 Belone bellone (Linnaeus, 1761) Belone belone belone (Linnaeus, 1761) Belone belone gracilis Lowe, 1839 Belone cornidii Günther, 1866 Belone gracilis Lowe, 1839 Belone linnei Malm, 1877 Belone longirostris Schinz, 1822 Belone rostrata Faber, 1829 Belone undecimradiata Budge, 1848 Belone vulgaris Fleming, 1828 Belone vulgaris Valenciennes, 1846 Esox belone Linnaeus, 1760 Hemiramphus balticus Hohnbaum-Hornschuch, 1843 Hemiramphus behnii van der Hoeven, 1843 Hemiramphus europaeus Yarrell, 1837 Hemiramphus obtusus Couch, 1848 Macrognathus scolopax Gronow, 1854 1990-10-17 2014-02-27 Froese, R. and C. 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Snickars0 Indications of garfish <i>Belone belone</i> reproducing in southern Finland. Indications of garfish <i>Belone belone</i> reproducing in southern Finland. (Ref. 130219) Acarli, D., S. Kale and K. Çakır0 A new maximum length for the garfish, <i>Belone belone</i> (Linnaeus, 1761) in the coast of Gökçeada Island (Aegean Sea, Turkey). Cah. Biol. Mar. 59(4):385-389. (Ref. 130220) Yankova, M., V. Raykov, P. Ivanova, N. Dzhembekova, C. Turan and Y. Raev0 Morphological and genetic characteristics of garfish <i>Belone belone</i> (L., 1760) (Belonidae, Teleostei) population from the southern Bulgarian Black Sea coast. Nat. Conserv. 54:1-12. (Ref. 131622) Turan, C., P.P. Ivanova, S.A. Doğdu, D. Ergüden, V. S. Raykov, M. Yankova, D. Yağlioğlu, A. Ergenler, I. Zlateva and N.S. Dzhembekova0 Population genetic analysis of garfish <i>Belone belone</i> from the Bulgarian and Turkish coasts of the Black Sea. Tethys Env. Sci. 1(3):152-163. (Ref. 133173) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) Polat, N., Y. İnceismail, S. Yılmaz and D. Bostancı0 Age determination, age-length and length-weight relationships of garfish (<i>Belone belone</i> L., 1761) in the Black Sea (Samsun). Journal of FisheriesSciences.com 3(3):187-198. (Ref. 137906) Kalayci, F. and T. Yeşilçiçek0 Length based seasonal growth of the garfish, <i>Belone belone</i> (Linnaeus, 1761) (Belonidae), in the southeast Black Sea. African Journal of Biotechnology 11(35):8742-8750. (Ref. 137908) Öztürk, D.S., A.C. Oruç and E. Engin0 Genetic diversity and population structure of two congeneric garfish species (<i>Belone belone</i> and <i>Belone svetovidovi</i>) in the North-Eastern Mediterranean: key findings for sustainable stock management. Thalassas 41(157):1-11. (Ref. 138359) FB-pic-47-39098 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg Thorke A.S. Østergaard 2004-04-09 2009-01-16 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=47 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Bebel_u3.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Bebel_u3.jpg FB-pic-47-51539 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 2009-08-12 2009-08-12 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=47 http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Bebel_u1.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Bebel_u1.gif FB-pic-47-51540 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 2009-08-12 2009-08-12 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=47 http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Bebel_u2.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Bebel_u2.gif FB-GeneralDescr-47 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-15 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=47 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Lives close to the surface and has a migratory pattern similar to the mackerel (Ref. 35388). Feeds on small fishes, particularly clupeids and Engraulis (in the Black Sea). Leaps out of the water when hooked. Oviparous (Ref. 205). Eggs may be found attached to objects in the water by tendrils on the egg's surface (Ref. 205). Utilized fresh and frozen; can be fried, broiled and baked (Ref. 9988). Minimum depth reported taken from Ref. 130219. Collette, B.B. and N.V. Parin 1986 Belonidae. p. 604-609. In P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean, Volume 2. Unesco, Paris. (Ref. 5505) FB-DiagnosticDescr-47 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-01-08 00:00:00 2005-01-20 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=47 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Jaw teeth comparatively large and widely spaced. Vertebrae 75-84. Vomerine teeth present at lengths greater than 20 cam. Lower jaw a little longer than upper jaw. Juveniles with greatly elongated jaw, without black posterior dorsal fin lobe. Whitehead, P.J.P., M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) 1986 Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vols. I-III:1473 p. (Ref. 232) FB-Morphology-47 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-01-08 00:00:00 2005-01-20 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=47 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 16 - 20; Analsoft rays: 19 - 23 Whitehead, P.J.P., M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen and E. Tortonese (eds.) 1986 Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, Paris. Vols. I-III:1473 p. (Ref. 232) FB-Distribution-47 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2021-04-20 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=47 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Eastern Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea. Three subspecies were recognized by Collette and Parin (1970, Ref. 34977) Belone belone belone (Linnaeus, 1761) (Northeast Atlantic); Belone belone euxini Günther, 1866 (Black Sea and Sea of Azov); Belone belone acus Risso, 1827 (Mediterranean Sea and adjacent parts of Atlantic Ocean, Madeira, Canary Islands, Azores, and south to Cape Verde (Ref. 50279); subspecies Belone belone gracilis Lowe, 1839 (France to the Canary Islands including the Mediterranean) in Collette & Parin, 1990 (Ref. 5757). Collette, B.B. 2003 Family Belonidae Bonaparte 1832 - needlefishes. Calif. Acad. Sci. Annotated Checklists of Fishes (16):22. (Ref. 50279) FB-Uses-47 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-15 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=47 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes FAO 1992 FAO yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 70: 1990. FAO Fish. Ser. 38:647 p. (Ref. 4931) Frimodt, C. 1995 Multilingual illustrated guide to the world's commercial coldwater fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215 p. (Ref. 9988) FB-Migration-47 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=47 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) FB-LifeCycle-47 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=47&StockCode=57 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Oviparous (Ref. 205). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-Size-47 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-15 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=47 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats 104 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 123983)); max. published weight: 1,418 g (Ref. 113079) Schilling, B., A.S. Couperus and O.G. Bos 2019 Fotogids mesopelagische vissen, Noordoost Atlantische Oceaan. Versie 1.0. [Photo guide mesopelagci fish, Northeast Atlantic Ocean. Version 1.0 ]. Waginengen Marine Research. (Ref. 123983) Dulčić, J. and A. Soldo 2006 A new maximum length for the garpike <i>Belone belone</i> (Belonidae). Cybium 30(4):382. (Ref. 113079) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Diseases-47-317 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2003-06-11 00:00:00 2003-06-11 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Robbie N. Cada General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=47&StockCode=57 Caligus disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Dorman, J.A. 1991 Investigations into the biology of the garfish, <i>Belone belone</i> (L.), in Swedish waters. J. Fish Biol. 39(1):59-69. (Ref. 28083) FB-Diseases-47-928 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2003-06-11 00:00:00 2003-06-11 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ FAO General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=47&StockCode=57 Caligus Infestation 16. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Dorman, J.A. 1991 Investigations into the biology of the garfish, <i>Belone belone</i> (L.), in Swedish waters. J. Fish Biol. 39(1):59-69. (Ref. 28083) FB-Diseases-47-70 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2003-06-11 00:00:00 2003-06-11 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ FAO General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=47&StockCode=57 Lepeophtheirus Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Dorman, J.A. 1991 Investigations into the biology of the garfish, <i>Belone belone</i> (L.), in Swedish waters. J. Fish Biol. 39(1):59-69. (Ref. 28083) FB-Habitat-47 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2024-01-15 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=47 pelagic-oceanic; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); brackish; marine; depth range 2 - 22 m (Ref. 130220) Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) Acarli, D., S. Kale and K. Çakır 2018 A new maximum length for the garfish, <i>Belone belone</i> (Linnaeus, 1761) in the coast of Gökçeada Island (Aegean Sea, Turkey). Cah. Biol. Mar. 59(4):385-389. (Ref. 130220)