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	<dc:identifier>FB-49938</dc:identifier>
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	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Siluriformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Loricariidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Hypostomus</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Hypostomus holostictus (Regan, 1913)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>cascudo</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Cascudo</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>cascudo abacaxí</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Cascudo-abacaxi</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Catfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fi'>Jättipleko</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>vieja</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Vieja de agua</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>vieja espinosa</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Vieja espinosa</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>墨西哥翼甲鯰</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>墨西哥翼甲鲶</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>尖大鯰</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>尖大鲶</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>巨大鯰</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>巨大鲶</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Chaetostomus aculeatus Perugia, 1891</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Chaetostomus gigas Boulenger, 1895</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Megalancistrus aculeatus (Perugia, 1891)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Megalancistrus gigas (Boulenger, 1895)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Pterygoplichthys parananus Peters, 1881</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1998-09-30</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2021-09-24</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6868&amp;speccode=49946'>Burgess, W.E.0 An atlas of freshwater and marine catfishes. A preliminary survey of the Siluriformes. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey (USA). 784 p. (Ref. 6868)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9086&amp;speccode=49946'>Lopez, H.L., R.C. Menni and A.M. Miguelarena0 Lista de los peces de agua dulce de la Argentina. Biologia Acuatica No. 12, 50 p. (Instituto de Limnologia "Dr. Raul A. Ringuelet"). (Ref. 9086)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26282&amp;speccode=49946'>Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.)0 Catalog of fishes. Special Publication, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco. 3 vols. 2905 p. (Ref. 26282)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=49946'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=34370&amp;speccode=49946'>Klinkhardt, M, M. Tesche and H. Greven0 Database of fish chromosomes. Westarp Wissenschaften. (Ref. 34370)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=34546&amp;speccode=49946'>De Souza, M.C. and H.F. Julio0 Análise cromossomica de duas espécies de Ancistrinae (Siluriformes - Loricariiidae). p. 16. In V. Simp. Citogenet. Evol. e Aplic. de peixes Neotropicais, Botcatu-SP. (Ref. 34546)</reference>
	<reference isbn='85-7430-361-5' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=36713&amp;speccode=49946'>Fisch-Muller, S.0 Loricariidae-Ancistrinae (Armored catfishes). p. 373-400. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 36713)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51086&amp;speccode=49946'>Varjo, M., L. Koli and H. Dahlström0 Kalannimiluettelo (versio 10/03). Suomen Biologian Seura Vanamo Ry. (Ref. 51086)</reference>
	<reference isbn='80-200-0705-9' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51153&amp;speccode=49946'>Moravec, F.0 Nematodes of freshwater fishes of the neotropical region. 464 p. Praha, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. (Ref. 51153)</reference>
	<reference isbn='1-86872-643-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=52193&amp;speccode=49946'>Skelton, P.H.0 A complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern Africa. Cape Town (South Africa): Struik Publishers, 395 p. (Ref. 52193)</reference>
	<reference isbn='9974-563-18-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=54736&amp;speccode=49946'>Nión, H., C. Ríos and P. Meneses0 Peces del Uruguay: Lista sistemática y nombres comunes. Montevideo, DINARA, Infopesca. (Ref. 54736)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=56003&amp;speccode=49946'>Andrade, P.M. and F.M.S. Braga0 Diet and feeding of fish from Grande River, located below the Volta Grande reservoir, MG-SP. Braz. J. Biol. 65(3):377-385. (Ref. 56003)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=56308&amp;speccode=49946'>López, H.L., A.M. Miquelarena and J. Ponte Gómez0 Biodiversidad y distribución de la ictiofauna Mesopotámica. Miscelánea 14:311-354. (Ref. 56308)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=49946'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='978-85-7383-388-1' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=81048&amp;speccode=49946'>Britski, H.A., K.Z. de S&gt; de Silimon and B.S. Lopes0 Peixes do Pantanal: manual de identificaçäo, 2 ed. re. ampl. Brasília, DF: Embrapa Informaçäo Tecnológica, 227 p. (Ref. 81048)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=86294&amp;speccode=49946'>Barbosa, J.M. and K.S. Ferraz0 Sistematização de nomes vulgares de peixes comerciais do Brasil: 1. Espécies dulciaqüícolas. Revista Brasileira de Engenharia de Pesca 3(3): 65-76. (Ref. 86294)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=115169&amp;speccode=49946'>Marques, H., A.B. Nobile, J.H.P. Dias and I.P. Ramos0 Length-weight and length-length relationships for 23 fish species of Porto Primavera reservoir, Upper Paraná River, Brazil. J. Appl. Ichthyol. 32:1342-1346. (Ref. 115169)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=116654&amp;speccode=49946'>Saks, L.0 Estonian Common Names, Rank 2. Personal communication (Ref. 116654)</reference><dataObject>
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	<dcterms:created>1998-09-30 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<reference isbn='85-7430-361-5' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=36713&amp;speccode=49946'>Fisch-Muller, S. 2003 Loricariidae-Ancistrinae (Armored catfishes). p. 373-400. In R.E. Reis, S.O. Kullander and C.J. Ferraris, Jr. (eds.) Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America. Porto Alegre: EDIPUCRS, Brasil. (Ref. 36713)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
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	<dc:description>58.8 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 56003))</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=56003&amp;speccode=49946'>Andrade, P.M. and F.M.S. Braga 2005 Diet and feeding of fish from Grande River, located below the Volta Grande reservoir, MG-SP. Braz. J. Biol. 65(3):377-385. (Ref. 56003)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>Ichthyouris Infestation 1. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='80-200-0705-9' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51153&amp;speccode=49946'>Moravec, F. 1998 Nematodes of freshwater fishes of the neotropical region. 464 p. Praha, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. (Ref. 51153)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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