FB-5002 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5002 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Carangaria/misc Polynemidae Polydactylus Polydactylus quadrifilis (Cuvier, 1829) Wiciak atlantycki Barbudo Barbudo-gigante Capitão Peixe-barba Firstrålet trådfinnefisk Giant African threadfin Spanish Thread fin Threadfin Hispaania hulksõrmkala Suur hulksõrmkala Siko Nsna Capitaine Gros capitaine Shiko Tsukweianye Piati пальцепер испанский Sori Kaptensfisk Koujali Koutoulou ndiamé Ndiané Ndiao ndiao Nidia ndioo Njaane Njaane jaara Onirungbo Barbudo gigante africano Capitán Afoto Asan Aybroma Barbo Basoie Boi sent Capitão Chikoué Defia Ebouadjo Ebrokro Elanc Ésèn Gainfio Itiékem Kapitan Kudiali Kujalo Kutiali Ntsena Nvouka Salé Salébro Siko Sumprum Suri 四線多指馬鮁 四線馬鮁 四线多指马鲅 四线马鲅 Polynemus quadrifilis Cuvier, 1829 Trichidion quadrifilis (Cuiver, 1829) 1992-02-11 2024-01-23 Möller, H. and K. Anders0 Diseases and parasites of marine fishes. Verlag Möller, Kiel. 365 p. 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(Ref. 117137) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272) Marrero, S.C. and B.V. López0 Primer censo de la flota artesanal marítima en Guinea Ecuatorial. FAO, Circular de Pesca y Acuicultura no. 1132, 53 p. Roma, Italia (Ref. 118429) Palomares, M.L.D., R. Froese, B. Derrick, S.-L. Nöel, G. Tsui, J. Woroniak and D. Pauly0 A preliminary global assessment of the status of exploited marine fish and invertebrate populations. A report prepared by the Sea Around Us for OCEANA. The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, p. 64. (Ref. 118628) Skelton, P.H.0 Chapter 11. The freshwater fishes of Angola. p. 207-242. In B.J. Huntley, V. Russo, F. Lages and N. Ferrand (eds.) Biodiversity of Angola. Science & conservation: a modern synthesis. Springer Nature Switzerland AG, Cham, Switzerland. 549 p. (Ref. 120641) Antoine, Y.A., K.K. Mexmin, D. Lassina, O. Allasane and G. Germain0 Length-weight relationship and condition factor (K) of thirty (30) commercially valuable fish species landed in the lower basin of the Comoé River (Côte d’Ivoire). Natl. J. Multi. Res. Dev. 4(3):31-37. (Ref. 123597) Marčeta, B. and K. Pliberšek (eds)0 BiosWeb. Biological database of the Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia. Ljubljana, Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia, 2014. (www.biosweb.org. updated 13/04/2023). (Ref. 128520) Lederoun, D., K.R. Lalèyè, A.R. Boni, G. Amoussou, H. Vodougnon, H. Adjibogoun and P.A. Lalèyè0 Length-weight and length-length relationships of some of the most abundant species in the fish catches of Lake Nokoué and Porto-Novo Lagoon (Benin, West Africa). Lakes and Reserv. 2018:1-7. (Ref. 128905) Sadio, O., M. Simier, L. Tito de Morais and F. Le Loc’h0 Length-weight relationships of 20 fish species from Fatala estuary, Guinea-Conakry, West Africa. Cybium 48(1):49-53. (Ref. 130795) Kwei, E.A. and D.W. Ofori-Adu0 Fishes in the coastal waters of Ghana. Comm. 2. Tema-Ghana. 124p. (Ref. 130891) Hontonyon, E. W.0 Fish catches among water side communities of Badagry, Lagos State, Nigeria. Lagos State University, Department of Fisheries, Thesis. (Ref. 132914) FB-pic-5002-14651 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1997-05-09 1997-05-09 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5002 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Poqua_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Poqua_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-5002 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-02-11 00:00:00 2024-01-23 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5002 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Occurs in shallow coastal waters, over sandy and muddy bottoms, sometimes in brackish habitats (Ref. 57343, 81658). Enters estuaries (Ref. 57402), occasionally caught in fresh water (Ref. 57402, 81658). Very large specimens are only found in marine waters (Ref. 81658). Feeds on crustaceans and fishes (Ref. 10799, 81658). Flesh fairly tasteful (Ref. 57402). Motomura, H. 2004 Threadfins of the world (Family Polynemidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of polynemid species known to date. FAO Spec. Cat. Fish. Purp. Rome: FAO. 3:117 p. (Ref. 57343) FB-DiagnosticDescr-5002 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rodolfo B. Reyes 2012-12-12 00:00:00 2017-10-30 22:13:43 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5002 Diagnosis: pectoral fin with 4 threadlike filaments (Ref. 57402, 81658). Pectoral fin inserted very low on body, generally somewhat longer than upper part of fin (Ref. 57402). Description: Body moderately compressed (Ref. 57402) and elongate, its depth 4-4.5 times in SL (Ref. 57402, 81658). Detached pectoral filaments short, only slightly longer than upper pectoral fin; base of anal fin as long as base of 2nd dorsal fin; snout very short, blunt and prominent; mouth inferior; maxillary bone distinctly widened at its end, reaching largely past eye (Ref. 57402). 2 widely separated dorsal fins, 1st with 8 flexible spines (Ref. 57402), 2nd with one flexible spine and 12-13 soft rays (Ref. 57402, 81658). 2nd dorsal fin and anal fin bases nearly equal; scales ctenoid; head scaly (Ref. 57402).Coloration: body uniformly (pale) silvery, greyish-brown to black on back, shading to whitish ventrally; dark, blackish blotch often present on gill cover (Ref. 57402, 81658). Both dorsal fins generally greyish and blackish anteriorly; 1st dorsal fin with a black tip; pectoral fins greyish to black or yellowish; pectoral filaments white; pelvic fins white; anal fin variably white or greyish to black; caudal fin greyish and bordered with black (Ref. 81658). Daget, J. 2003 Polynemidae. p. 616-621 In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douce et saumâtres de l'Afrique de l'Ouest, Tome 2. Coll. Faune et Flore tropicales 40. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique, Museum National d'Histoire Naturalle, Paris, France and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France. 815 p. (Ref. 57402) FB-Morphology-5002 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rodolfo B. Reyes 2012-12-12 00:00:00 2017-10-30 22:13:43 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5002 Dorsal spines (total): 9; Dorsal soft rays (total): 12 - 13; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 11 - 12 Daget, J. 2003 Polynemidae. p. 616-621 In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douce et saumâtres de l'Afrique de l'Ouest, Tome 2. Coll. Faune et Flore tropicales 40. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique, Museum National d'Histoire Naturalle, Paris, France and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France. 815 p. (Ref. 57402) FB-Distribution-5002 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-02-11 00:00:00 2018-02-14 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5002 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Eastern Atlantic: Senegal to Angola (Ref. 57402). Also reported from Mauritania (Ref. 55783). Motomura, H. 2004 Threadfins of the world (Family Polynemidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of polynemid species known to date. FAO Spec. Cat. Fish. Purp. Rome: FAO. 3:117 p. (Ref. 57343) FB-Uses-5002 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-02-11 00:00:00 2024-01-23 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5002 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes Motomura, H. 2004 Threadfins of the world (Family Polynemidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of polynemid species known to date. FAO Spec. Cat. Fish. Purp. Rome: FAO. 3:117 p. (Ref. 57343) Motomura, H. 2004 Threadfins of the world (Family Polynemidae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of polynemid species known to date. FAO Spec. Cat. Fish. Purp. Rome: FAO. 3:117 p. (Ref. 57343) FB-TrophicStrategy-5002 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Drina Sta. Iglesia 2000-11-09 00:00:00 2000-11-09 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public quadrifilis http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Occurs in shallow waters, over muddy bottoms in brackish habitats (estuaries and lagoons). Feeds on crustaceans and fishes. Schneider, W. 1990 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the commercial marine resources of the Gulf of Guinea. Prepared and published with the support of the FAO Regional Office for Africa. Rome: FAO. 268 p. (Ref. 2683) FB-Size-5002 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-02-11 00:00:00 2024-01-23 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5002 200 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 57402)); max. published weight: 75.0 kg (Ref. 7386) Daget, J. 2003 Polynemidae. p. 616-621 In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douce et saumâtres de l'Afrique de l'Ouest, Tome 2. Coll. Faune et Flore tropicales 40. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique, Museum National d'Histoire Naturalle, Paris, France and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France. 815 p. (Ref. 57402) Daget, J. 1992 Polynemidae. p. 792-795. In C. Levêque, D. Paugy, and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douces et saumâtres d'Afrique de l'Ouest Tome 2. Faune Tropicale n° 28. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique. (Ref. 7386) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-5002 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-02-11 00:00:00 2024-01-23 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5002 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats demersal; freshwater; brackish; marine; depth range 15 - 55 m (Ref. 10799) Njock, J.C. 1990 Polynemidae. p. 865-867. In J. C. Quéro, J. C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post and L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisbon; SEI, Paris; and UNESCO, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 10799)