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	<dc:identifier>FB-50851</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=50851</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Characiformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Lebiasinidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Piabucina</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Piabucina festae Boulenger, 1899</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Ray</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Roughskin skate</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='et'>Kare tiibrai</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Raya vientre áspera</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Ruwhuidige rog</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>糙皮鰩</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>糙皮鳐</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Dipturus trachydermus (Krefft &amp; Stehmann, 1975)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Raja trachiderma Krefft &amp; Stehmann, 1975</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Raja trachyderma Krefft &amp; Stehmann, 1975</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1999-01-26</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2021-09-16</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=205&amp;speccode=50858'>Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9068&amp;speccode=50858'>Pequeño, G.0 Peces de Chile. Lista sistematica revisada y comentada. Rev. Biol. Mar., Valparaiso 24(2):1-132. (Ref. 9068)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=26282&amp;speccode=50858'>Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.)0 Catalog of fishes. Special Publication, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco. 3 vols. 2905 p. (Ref. 26282)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=27092&amp;speccode=50858'>Lloris, D. and J. Rucabado0 Ictiofauna del Canal Beagle (Tierra de Fuego), aspectos ecológicos y análisis biogeográfico. Publ. Espec. Inst. Esp. Oceanogr. 8, Madrid, Spain. 182 p. (Ref. 27092)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=27314&amp;speccode=50858'>McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn0 Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=50858'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='0-8018-6048-2' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35766&amp;speccode=50858'>Compagno, L.J.V.0 Checklist of living elasmobranchs. p. 471-498. In W.C. Hamlett (ed.) Sharks, skates, and rays: the biology of elasmobranch fishes. Johns Hopkins University Press, Maryland. (Ref. 35766)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=43454&amp;speccode=50858'>Bor, P.H.F.0 Nederlandse naamlijst van de recente haaien en roggen (Chondrichthyes: Elasmobranchii) van de wereld. World Wide Web electronic publication www.rajidae.tmfweb.nl, version (05/2002). (Ref. 43454)</reference>
	<reference isbn='987-96244-5-9' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=48680&amp;speccode=50858'>Cousseau, M.B., D.E. Figueroa and J.M. Diaz de Astarloa0 Clave de identificación de las rayas del litoral marítimo de Argentina y Uruguay (Chondrichthyes, Familia Rajidae). Publicaciones especiales, INIDEP, Mar del Plata, 35 p. (Ref. 48680)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=50449&amp;speccode=50858'>Dulvy, N.K. and J.D. Reynolds0 Evolutionary transitions among egg-laying, live-bearing and maternal inputs in sharks and rays. Proc. R. Soc. Lond., Ser. B: Biol. Sci. 264:1309-1315. (Ref. 50449)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=53436&amp;speccode=50858'>Gomes, U.L. and S. Picado0 Distribution of the species of &lt;i&gt;Dipturus&lt;/i&gt; Rafinesque (Rajidae, Rajinae, Rajini) of Brazil and first record of the Caribbean skate &lt;i&gt;D. teevani&lt;/i&gt; (Bigelow &amp; Schroeder), in the western South Atlantic. Revista Brasileira de Biologia, 18(1):171-185. (Ref. 53436)</reference>
	<reference isbn='9974-563-18-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=54736&amp;speccode=50858'>Nión, H., C. Ríos and P. Meneses0 Peces del Uruguay: Lista sistemática y nombres comunes. Montevideo, DINARA, Infopesca. (Ref. 54736)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=50858'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58839&amp;speccode=50858'>Menni, R.C. and L.O. Lucifora0 Condrictios de la Argentina y Uruguay. &lt;i&gt;ProBiota&lt;/i&gt;, FCNyM, UNLP, Serie Técnica-Didáctica, La Plata, Argentina, 11:1-15. (Ref. 58839)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=75710&amp;speccode=50858'>Cousseau, M.B., D.E. Figueroa, J.M. Díaz de Astarloa, E. Mabragaña and L.O. Lucifora0 Rayas, chuchos y otros batoideos del atlántico sudoccidental :34°S-55°S. Mar del Plata: INIDEP. 102 p. (Ref. 75710)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=79571&amp;speccode=50858'>Díaz de Astarloa, J.M., E Mabragaña, R. Hanner and D.E. Figueroa0 Morphological and molecular evidence for a new species of longnose skate (Rajiformes: Rajidae: &lt;i&gt;Dipturus&lt;/i&gt;) from Argentinean waters based on DNA barcoding. Zootaxa 1921:35-46. (Ref. 79571)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=95383&amp;speccode=50858'>Licandeo, R., F. Cerna and R. Céspedes0 Age, growth, and reproduction of the roughskin skate, &lt;i&gt;Dipturus trachyderma&lt;/i&gt;, from the southeastern Pacific. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 64: 141-148. (Ref. 95383)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=105471&amp;speccode=50858'>eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=114953&amp;speccode=50858'>Last, P.R., W.T. White, M.R. de Carvalho, B. Séret, M.F.W. Stehmann and G.J.P. Naylor0 Rays of the world. CSIRO Publishing, Comstock Publishing Associates. i-ix + 1-790. (Ref. 114953)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=126345&amp;speccode=50858'>Cedrola, P.V., A.M. Gonzalez and A.D. Pettovello0 Bycatch of skates (Elasmobranchii: Arhynchobatidae, Rajidae) in the Patagonian red shrimp fishery. Fish. Res. 71:141-150. (Ref. 126345)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=130435&amp;speccode=50858'>IUCN0 The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1964 - onwards. https://www.iucnredlist.org/ (Ref. 130435)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=132125&amp;speccode=50858'>Ferragut-Perello, F., S. Ramirez-Amaro, A.C. Tsikliras, N. Petit-Marty, D. Dimarchopoulou0 Exploitation and conservation status of the thornback ray (&lt;i&gt;Raja clavata&lt;/i&gt;) in the Balearic Islands (Western Mediterranean). Fishes 8(2):117. (Ref. 132125)</reference><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-GeneralDescr-50858</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Cristina V. Garilao</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1999-01-26 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-05-10 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
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	<dc:description>Occurs on sandy and muddy bottoms of outer continental shelf and upper slope, also found at shallower depth 20m. Feeds mainly on bony fishes and crustaceans (Ref. 114953). Oviparous (Ref. 50449).  Eggs have horn-like projections on the shell (Ref. 205); egg cases ca. 20-30 cm long (Ref. 114953). Reaches maturity at ca. 13 years (Ref. 114953).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=27314&amp;speccode=50858'>McEachran, J.D. and K.A. Dunn 1998 Phylogenetic analysis of skates, a morphologically conservative clade of elasmobranchs (Chondrichthyes: Rajidae). Copeia 1998(2):271-290. (Ref. 27314)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-50858</dc:identifier>
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	<dcterms:created>1999-01-26 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Southeast Pacific: Chile to Southwest Atlantic: Argentina, Uruguay and Brazil.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=27092&amp;speccode=50858'>Lloris, D. and J. Rucabado 1991 Ictiofauna del Canal Beagle (Tierra de Fuego), aspectos ecológicos y análisis biogeográfico. Publ. Espec. Inst. Esp. Oceanogr. 8, Madrid, Spain. 182 p. (Ref. 27092)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Uses-50858</dc:identifier>
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	<dc:title>Importance</dc:title>
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	<dc:description>fisheries: commercial</dc:description>
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	<dc:identifier>FB-LifeCycle-50858</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=50858&amp;StockCode=42491</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Oviparous, paired eggs are laid.  Embryos feed solely on yolk (Ref. 50449).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=205&amp;speccode=50858'>Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=50858</dc:source>
	<dc:description>264 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 114953)); max. published weight: 110.0 g</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=114953&amp;speccode=50858'>Last, P.R., W.T. White, M.R. de Carvalho, B. Séret, M.F.W. Stehmann and G.J.P. Naylor 2016 Rays of the world. CSIRO Publishing, Comstock Publishing Associates. i-ix + 1-790. (Ref. 114953)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=95383&amp;speccode=50858'>Licandeo, R., F. Cerna and R. Céspedes 2007 Age, growth, and reproduction of the roughskin skate, &lt;i&gt;Dipturus trachyderma&lt;/i&gt;, from the southeastern Pacific. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 64: 141-148. (Ref. 95383)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
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	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>bathydemersal; marine; depth range 93 - 450 m (Ref. 27092)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=27092&amp;speccode=50858'>Lloris, D. and J. Rucabado 1991 Ictiofauna del Canal Beagle (Tierra de Fuego), aspectos ecológicos y análisis biogeográfico. Publ. Espec. Inst. Esp. Oceanogr. 8, Madrid, Spain. 182 p. (Ref. 27092)</reference></dataObject>
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