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<taxon>
	<dc:identifier>FB-520</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=520</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Pleuronectiformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Pleuronectidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Limanda</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Limanda aspera (Pallas, 1814)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pl'>Plaskoglów</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='pt'>Solha-japonesa</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='da'>Alaska-håising</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='da'>Nordpacifisk håising</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Cigarette paper</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Flathead sole</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Paper sole</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='et'>Ohhoota karelest</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Balai du Japon</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ja'>Umagarei</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ru'>камбала охотоморска</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ru'>камбала северная камбала палтусовидная</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='uk'>Камбала далекосхідна</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='uk'>Камбала плоскоголова</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Platija japonesa</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Ihémek'we</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>太平洋拟庸鲽</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>太平洋擬庸鰈</commonName>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-17</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-01-22</dcterms:modified>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=107945&amp;speccode=519'>Cheung, W.L., R. Watson and D. Pauly0 Signature of ocean warming in global fisheries catch. Nature 497:365-368. (Ref. 107945)</reference>
	<reference isbn='9780295954974' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=112753&amp;speccode=519'>Somerton, D. and C. Murray0 Field guide to the fish of Puget Sound and the Northwest coast. Washington sea grant publication. Seattle (USA): University of Washington Press. x+70 p. (Ref. 112753)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=112754&amp;speccode=519'>Pietsch, T.W. and J.W. Orr0 Fishes of the Salish Sea: a compilation and distributional analysis. NOAA Professional Paper NMFS 18: 106 p. (Ref. 112754)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=114930&amp;speccode=519'>TenBrink, T.T. and T.K. Wilderbuer0 Updated maturity estimates for flatfishes (Pleuronectidae) in the Eastern Bering Sea, with implications for fisherires management. Mar. Coast. Fish. Dyna. Manage. Ecosys. Sci. 7:474-482. (Ref. 114930)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=115257&amp;speccode=519'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=118272&amp;speccode=519'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=120179&amp;speccode=519'>Froese, R., N. Demirel, G. Coro, K.M. Kleisner and H. Winker0 Estimating fisheries reference points from catch and resilience. Fish and Fisheries 18(3):506-526. (Ref. 120179)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=120809&amp;speccode=519'>Sinclair, E.H., W.A. Walker and P.J. Gearin0 The diet of free-ranging male Steller sea lions (&lt;i&gt;Eumetopias jubatus&lt;/i&gt;) in the eastern Bering Sea: a retrospective analysis based on stomach contents of an endangered pinniped. Canadian Journal of Zoology 97(3):195-202. (Ref. 120809)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=122258&amp;speccode=519'>McGilliard, C.R., B.J. Turnock and W. Palsson0 8. Assessment of the Flathead Sole Stock in the Gulf of Alaska. North Pacific Fishery Management Council, Stock Assessment and Fishery Evaluation Reports. (Ref. 122258)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=122281&amp;speccode=519'>McGilliard, C.R., D. Nichol and W. Palsson0 9. Assessment of the Flathead Sole-Bering flounder Stock in the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands. North Pacific Fishery Management Council, Stock Assessment and Fishery Evaluation Reports. (Ref. 122281)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=122396&amp;speccode=519'>Sample, T.M. and D.G. Nichol0 Results of the 1990 U.S.-U.S.S.R. cooperative bottom trawl survey of the eastern and northwestern Bering Sea continental shelf. U.S. Dep. Commer., NOAA Tech. Memo. NMFS-AFSC-34, 183 p. (Ref. 122396)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=124174&amp;speccode=519'>Froese, R., N. Demirel, G. Coro and H. Winker0 User Guide for CMSY++. GEOMAR, Germany, 17 p. (Ref. 124174)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=124298&amp;speccode=519'>Bakkala, R.G.0 Structure and historical changes in the groundfish complex of the eastern Bering Sea. NOAA Technical Report NMFS 114:91p. (Ref. 124298)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=137577&amp;speccode=519'>Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577)</reference><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>Found on soft bottom (Ref. 2850).  Adults usually below 180 m (Ref. 2850).  Feed on clams, worms and crustaceans (Ref. 6885).  Taken by shrimp and otter trawls (Ref. 6885).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='0-395-26873-9' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2850&amp;speccode=519'>Eschmeyer, W.N., E.S. Herald and H. Hammann 1983 A field guide to Pacific coast fishes of North America. Boston (MA, USA): Houghton Mifflin Company. xii+336 p. (Ref. 2850)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>Dorsal origin over anterior part of upper eye.  Caudal with small elongation in center.  Pectorals rather large with rounded tips.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='0-660-10459-8' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6885&amp;speccode=519'>Hart, J.L. 1973 Pacific fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 180:740 p. (Ref. 6885)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 75 - 85;  Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 55 - 68; Vertebrae: 42 - 46</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='0-660-10459-8' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6885&amp;speccode=519'>Hart, J.L. 1973 Pacific fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 180:740 p. (Ref. 6885)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses</subject>
	<dc:description>North Pacific:  Sea of Japan, Sea of Okhotsk, and the Bering Sea along the western coast of America to Pt.  Reyes, central California, USA.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='0862494478' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4883&amp;speccode=519'>Bykov, V.P. 1983 Marine Fishes: Chemical composition and processing properties. New Delhi: Amerind Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd. 322 p. (Ref. 4883)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Uses-519</dc:identifier>
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	<dc:title>Importance</dc:title>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<dc:description>fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4931&amp;speccode=519'>FAO 1992 FAO yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 70: 1990. FAO Fish. Ser. 38:647 p. (Ref. 4931)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=11007&amp;speccode=519'>Canadian Department of Fisheries and Oceans 1995 British Columbia tidal waters sport fishing guide 1995-1996. Canadian Dept. of Fisheries and Oceans. (Ref. 11007)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Migration-519</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
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	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do.  Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51243&amp;speccode=519'>Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&amp;D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Pascualita Sa-a</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1997-04-07 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2001-09-17 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:source>elassodon</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Diseases</subject>
	<dc:description>Feeds on fish and benthic organisms (Ref. 6885).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='0-660-10459-8' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6885&amp;speccode=519'>Hart, J.L. 1973 Pacific fishes of Canada. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 180:740 p. (Ref. 6885)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
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	<dc:description>52.0 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 56370)); max. published weight: 1,560 g (Ref. 56370); max. reported age: 27 years (Ref. 55701)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=56370'>Fadeev, N.S. 1971 Biology and fisheries of the Pacific Ocean flatfishes. Vladivostok, Dal'izdat, 100 p.</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=56370'>Fadeev, N.S. 1971 Biology and fisheries of the Pacific Ocean flatfishes. Vladivostok, Dal'izdat, 100 p.</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=55701&amp;speccode=519'>Munk, K.M. 2001 Maximum ages of groundfishes in waters off Alaska and British Columbia and consideration of age determination. Alaska Fish. Res. Bull. 8(1):12-21. (Ref. 55701)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
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	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>demersal; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); marine; depth range 0 - 1050 m (Ref. 6793)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51243&amp;speccode=519'>Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&amp;D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6793&amp;speccode=519'>Allen, M.J. and G.B. Smith 1988 Atlas and zoogeography of common fishes in the Bering Sea and northeastern Pacific. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS 66, 151 p. (Ref. 6793)</reference></dataObject>
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