<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?><response xmlns="http://www.eol.org/transfer/content/0.1"
	xmlns:xsd="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"
	xmlns:dc="https://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/"
	xmlns:dcterms="https://purl.org/dc/terms/"
	xmlns:geo="https://www.w3.org/2003/01/geo/wgs84_pos#"
	xmlns:dwc="http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/dwcore/"
	xmlns:xsi="https://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.eol.org/transfer/content/0.1 http://services.eol.org/schema/content_0_2.xsd">
<taxon>
	<dc:identifier>FB-5227</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5227</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Characiformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Alestidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Hydrocynus</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Hydrocynus brevis (Günther, 1864)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ar'>Kalb el bahr</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ar'>Kas</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ar'>Kass</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Tiger-fish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Tiger fish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='et'>Saheli vesihunt</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ee'>Tsinu vowo</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fi'>Soukkatiikeritetra</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Akao</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ha'>Zawai</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ig'>Owulueze</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Jumboi</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Njengbei</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='wo'>Guer</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='yo'>Ijakere</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Ascela</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Basoaka</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Bathain</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Dog fish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Hidi</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Hidi Dongahal</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Hidi Mandol</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Hiding Donbow</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Hiding Madara</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Hiring</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Joklek</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Jioklec</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Kyeth</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Ngania</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Nyanglec</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Rek-rek-ma</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Saganci</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Ta poff</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>T-gbaren</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Wulujigɛ</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Hydrocion brevis Günther, 1864</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Hydrocynus somonorum (Daget, 1954)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Hydrocyon brevis Günther, 1864</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Hydrocyon forskalii (non Cuvier, 1819)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Hydrocyon somonorum Daget, 1954</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1992-03-17</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-01-25</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=367&amp;speccode=5227'>Blache, J.0 Les poissons du bassin du Tchad et du bassin adjacent du Mayo Kebbi. Étude systématique et biologique. Mém. O.R.S.T.O.M. 4(2):483 p. (Ref. 367)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2075&amp;speccode=5227'>Günther, A.0 Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum. Volume fifth. Catalogue of the Physostomi, containing the families Siluridae, Characinidae, Haplochitonidae, Sternoptychidae, Scopelidae, Stomiatidae, in the collection of the British Museum. Trustees of the British Museum, London. 455 p. (Ref. 2075)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2756&amp;speccode=5227'>Daget, J.0 Les poissons du Niger supérieur. Mém. I.F.A.N. 36:391 p. (Ref. 2756)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2880&amp;speccode=5227'>Paugy, D.0 Characidae. p. 195-236. In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douces et saumâtres de l'Afrique de l'Ouest. Tome I. Coll. Faune Tropicale n° XXVIII. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren et O.R.S.T.O.M., Paris, 384 p. (Ref. 2880)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=3538&amp;speccode=5227'>Samb, B.0 pers. comm. Centre de Recherches Océanographiques de Dakar-Thiaroye, Dakar, Sénégal. (Ref. 3538)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=3799&amp;speccode=5227'>Ita, E.O.0 Kainji (Nigeria). p. 43-103. In J.M. Kapetsky and T. Petr (eds.) Status of African reservoir fisheries. CIFA Tech. Pap. 10:326 p. (Ref. 3799)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4517&amp;speccode=5227'>Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4743&amp;speccode=5227'>Kamara, A.B.0 A list of the estuarine and marine fishes and some shellfishes of Sierra Leone, with their common names in either Krio or English. Bull. Inst. Mar. Biol. Oceanogr., Fourah Bay Coll., Univ. Sierra Leone, 2(1):47-53. (Ref. 4743)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4906&amp;speccode=5227'>Bianco, P.0 Fish. p. 55-63. In L. Boitani (ed.) The Southern National Park. A master plan. Istituto di Zoologia, Facoltà di Scienze dell'Università di Roma (Italy). 220 p. (Ref. 4906)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4967&amp;speccode=5227'>Eccles, D.H.0 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Tanzania. Prepared and published with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (project URT/87/016). FAO, Rome. 145 p. (Ref. 4967)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5331&amp;speccode=5227'>Paugy, D.0 Characidae. p. 140-183. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. Vol. 1. (Ref. 5331)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=11235&amp;speccode=5227'>Trewavas, E. and F.R. Irvine0 Fresh-water fishes. p. 221-282. In F.R. Irvine (ed.) The fishes and fisheries of the Gold Coast. The Crown Agents for the Colonies, London. 352 p. (Ref. 11235)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=12818&amp;speccode=5227'>Anonymous0 Fish registrations within the museum database of the Vertebrate Section of the Royal Museum for Central Africa. MRAC, Tervuren, Belgium. (Ref. 12818)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=13331&amp;speccode=5227'>Paugy, D., K. Traoré and P.S. Diouf0 Faune ichtyologique des eaux douces d'Afrique de l'Ouest. p.35-66. In G.G. Teugels, J.F. Guégan and J.J. Albaret (eds.) Biological diversity of African fresh-and brackish water fishes. Geographical overviews presented at the PARADI Symposium, Senegal, 15-20 November 1993. Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Sci. Zool., 275:177 p. (Ref. 13331)</reference>
	<reference isbn='2-7099-I 340-2' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=28587&amp;speccode=5227'>Diouf, P.S.0 Les peuplements de poissons des milieux estuariens de l'Afrique de l'Ouest: L'exemple de l'estuaire hyperhalin du Sine-Saloum. Université de Montpellier II. Thèses et Documents Microfiches No.156. ORSTOM, Paris. 267 p. (Ref. 28587)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=28714&amp;speccode=5227'>Bailey, R.G.0 Guide to the fishes of the River Nile in the Republic of the Sudan. J. Nat. Hist. 28:937-970. (Ref. 28714)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=30498&amp;speccode=5227'>Titiati, E.K.0 Some common names of fresh-water fishes of Ghana in Latin, English, Ewe and Ga-adangbe. Manuscript Fisheries Dept., Volta Lake Research Project, 5 p. (Ref. 30498)</reference>
	<reference isbn='978-34-7600-9.' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31256&amp;speccode=5227'>Olaosebikan, B.D. and A. Raji0 Field guide to Nigerian freshwater fishes. Federal College of Freshwater Fisheries Technology, New Bussa, Nigeria. 106 p. (Ref. 31256)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31402&amp;speccode=5227'>Swedish Museum of Natural History0 Fish collection database of the Naturhistoriska riksmuseet (Swedish Museum of Natural History). Ichthyology Section, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden. (Ref. 31402)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31439&amp;speccode=5227'>Boulenger, G.A.0 Zoology of Egypt: the fishes of the Nile. Hugh Rees, Limited, London. 578p. (Ref. 31439)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31982&amp;speccode=5227'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=35508&amp;speccode=5227'>Anonymous0 The icthyological collection of the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). Division of Ichthyology and Herpetology, Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). (Ref. 35508)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=37514&amp;speccode=5227'>Coulibaly, N.D.0 Noms communs et quelques significations pour les poissons commerciaux pêches dans les Hauts-Bassins du fleuve Volta au Burkina Faso. MS. (Ref. 37514)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=38732&amp;speccode=5227'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=40919&amp;speccode=5227'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. (Ref. 40919)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41414&amp;speccode=5227'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51086&amp;speccode=5227'>Varjo, M., L. Koli and H. Dahlström0 Kalannimiluettelo (versio 10/03). Suomen Biologian Seura Vanamo Ry. (Ref. 51086)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51114&amp;speccode=5227'>Brewster, B.0 A review of the genus &lt;i&gt;Hydrocynus&lt;/i&gt; Cuvier 1819 (Teleostei: Characiformes). Bull. Br. Mus. Nat. Hist. (Zool.) 50(3):163-206. (Ref. 51114)</reference>
	<reference isbn='2.11.086730-2' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51193&amp;speccode=5227'>Vivien, J.0 Faune du Cameroun. Guide des mammifères et poissons. GICAM et Ministère de la Coopération et du Développement, Yaoundé/Paris. 271 p. (Ref. 51193)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51243&amp;speccode=5227'>Riede, K.0 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&amp;D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=52397&amp;speccode=5227'>Mdaihli, M., T. du Feu and J.S.O. Ayeni0 Fisheries in the southern border zone of Takamanda Forest Reserve, Cameroon. p. 141-154.  In J.A. Comiskey and T.C.H. Sunderland (eds). Takamanda: the Biodiversity of an African forest. SI/MAB Ser. 8. 182 p. (Ref. 52397)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=52861&amp;speccode=5227'>Oti, E.E.0 Studies on the ichthyofauna of Ehoma Floodplain, Afikpo Eastern Nigeria. p. 123-131. In M.L.D. Palomares, B. Samb, T. Diouf, J.M. Vakily and D. Pauly (eds.) Fish biodiversity: local studies as basis for global inferences. ACP-EU Fish. Res. Rep. 14:281 p. (Ref. 52861)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=52865&amp;speccode=5227'>Coulibaly, N.D.0 Common names of commercial fish species of the upper Volta Basin in Burkina Faso. p.215-222. In M.L.D. Palomares, B. Samb, T. Diouf, J.M. Vakily and D. Pauly (eds.). Fish biodiversity: local studies as basis for global inferences. ACP-EU Fish. Res. Rep. 14, 281p. (Ref. 52865)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=52867&amp;speccode=5227'>Magomna, O.0 Noms communs de poissons tchadien en langue Kim. p. 234-242. In M.L.D. Palomares, B. Samb, T. Diouf, J.M. Vakily and D. Pauly (eds.) Fish biodiversity: local studies as basis for global inferences. ACP-EU Fish. Res. Rep. 14, 281p. (Ref. 52867)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=55783&amp;speccode=5227'>Mohamed Fall, K.O.0 Fishes of Mauritania. Unpublished compilation of K.O. Mohamed Fall. (Ref. 55783)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58460&amp;speccode=5227'>Getahun, A.0 An overview of the diversity and conservation status of the Ethiopian freshwater fauna. J. Afrotrop. Zool. Special Issue:87-96. (Ref. 58460)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58999&amp;speccode=5227'>Iscandari, N.0 A list of the freshwater fishes and some shrimps of Sierra Leone with their vernacular names in Mende, Temne and Limba. Bull. Inst. Mar. Biol. Oceanogr., Fourah Bay Coll., Univ. Sierra Leone, 2(1):54-56. (Ref. 58999)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=72465&amp;speccode=5227'>Flower, M.S.S.0 Contributions to our knowledge of the duration of life in vertebrate animals - I. Fishes. Proc. of the Zool. Soc. of London 1925(1):247-267. (Ref. 72465)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=78745&amp;speccode=5227'>Albaret, J.-J., M. Simier, F.S. Darboe, J.-M. Ecoutin, J. Raffray and L.T. de Morais0 Fish diversity and distribution in the Gambia estuary, West Africa, in relation to environmental variables. Aquat. Living Resour. 17:35-46. (Ref. 78745)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=81279&amp;speccode=5227'>Paugy, D.0 Alestidae. p. 236-282. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 1. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 457p. (Ref. 81279)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=83530&amp;speccode=5227'>IGFA0 Database of IGFA angling records until 2009. IGFA, Fort Lauderdale, USA. (Ref. 83530)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=85107&amp;speccode=5227'>Machacek, H. (ed.)0 World Records Freshwater Fishing. www.fishing-worldrecords.com, September 2010. (Ref. 85107)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=99764&amp;speccode=5227'>Machacek, H. (ed.)0 World Records Freshwater Fishing. www.fishing-worldrecords.com, 8 December 2014. (Ref. 99764)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=105471&amp;speccode=5227'>eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=120561&amp;speccode=5227'>Moritz, T., Z.N. El Dayem, M.A. Abdallah and D. Neumann0 New and rare records of fishes from the White Nile in the Republic of the Sudan. Cybium 43(2):137-151. (Ref. 120561)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=130776&amp;speccode=5227'>Toledo-Piza, M., E.G. Baena, F.C.P. Dagosta, N.A. Menezes, M., Benine, R.C. Andrade, V.A. Bertaco, J.L.O. Birindelli, G. Boden, P.A. Buckup, P. Camelier, F.R. Carvalho, R.M.C Castro, J. Chuctaya, E. Decru and …0 Checklist of the species of the Order Characiformes (Teleostei: Ostariophysi). Neotrop. Ichthyol. 22(1):1-548. (Ref. 130776)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=137577&amp;speccode=5227'>Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=138143&amp;speccode=5227'>Lucas, M.C., E. Baras, T.J. Thom, A. Duncan and O. Slavík0 Migration of freshwater fishes. Blackwell Science Ltd. 440 p. (Ref. 138143)</reference><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-GeneralDescr-5227</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Tess Cruz</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-03-17 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-11-19 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5227</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology</subject>
	<dc:description>Hydrocynus species are piscivorous, but may also eat Caridina and insects (Ref. 28714). Affinities: easily distinguished from two other species in West Africa from the number of scale-rows below lateral line, which is 3 instead of 2 (Ref. 81279).</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=81279&amp;speccode=5227'>Paugy, D. 2003 Alestidae. p. 236-282. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 1. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 457p. (Ref. 81279)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-DiagnosticDescr-5227</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='http://oceans.ubc.ca/maria-lourdes-deng-palomares/' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Maria Lourdes D. Palomares</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-07-03 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2013-06-28 22:04:21</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5227</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>Diagnosis: eye </dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=81279&amp;speccode=5227'>Paugy, D. 2003 Alestidae. p. 236-282. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 1. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 457p. (Ref. 81279)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-5227</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Tess Cruz</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-03-17 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2022-08-22 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5227</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses</subject>
	<dc:description>Africa:  only in Sahelo-Sudanese river basins (Ref. 81279), including the Nile, Chad basin, Niger, Volta, Senegal and Gambia (Ref. 2880, 5331).</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=81279&amp;speccode=5227'>Paugy, D. 2003 Alestidae. p. 236-282. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 1. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 457p. (Ref. 81279)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Uses-5227</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Tess Cruz</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-03-17 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-11-19 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Importance</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5227</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>fisheries: commercial</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Migration-5227</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Tess Cruz</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-03-17 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-11-19 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5227</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Potamodromous. Migrating within streams, migratory in rivers, e.g. Saliminus, Moxostoma, Labeo.  Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km.</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=138143&amp;speccode=5227'>Lucas, M.C., E. Baras, T.J. Thom, A. Duncan and O. Slavík 2001 Migration of freshwater fishes. Blackwell Science Ltd. 440 p. (Ref. 138143)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-TrophicStrategy-5227</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Grace Tolentino Pablico</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2005-06-29 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2013-11-15 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>brevis</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Occurs in open water habitats.  Piscivorous but may also eat Caridina and insects (Ref. 28714).</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=28714&amp;speccode=5227'>Bailey, R.G. 1994 Guide to the fishes of the River Nile in the Republic of the Sudan. J. Nat. Hist. 28:937-970. (Ref. 28714)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-5227</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Tess Cruz</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-03-17 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-11-19 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5227</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription</subject>
	<dc:description>86.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 3799)); max. published weight: 8,250 g (Ref. 2880)</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=3799&amp;speccode=5227'>Ita, E.O. 1984 Kainji (Nigeria). p. 43-103. In J.M. Kapetsky and T. Petr (eds.) Status of African reservoir fisheries. CIFA Tech. Pap. 10:326 p. (Ref. 3799)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2880&amp;speccode=5227'>Paugy, D. 1990 Characidae. p. 195-236. In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douces et saumâtres de l'Afrique de l'Ouest. Tome I. Coll. Faune Tropicale n° XXVIII. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren et O.R.S.T.O.M., Paris, 384 p. (Ref. 2880)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-5227</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Tess Cruz</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-03-17 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-11-19 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5227</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>pelagic; potamodromous (Ref. 138143); freshwater</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=138143&amp;speccode=5227'>Lucas, M.C., E. Baras, T.J. Thom, A. Duncan and O. Slavík 2001 Migration of freshwater fishes. Blackwell Science Ltd. 440 p. (Ref. 138143)</reference></dataObject>
</taxon>
</response>