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	<dc:identifier>FB-5285</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5285</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Cypriniformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Cyprinidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Garra</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Garra waterloti (Pellegrin, 1935)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='cs'>Gara Waterlotova</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='cs'>Parmička Waterlotova</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='et'>Waterloti napplõug</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fi'>Imubarbi</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>瓦氏墨头鱼</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>瓦氏墨頭魚</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Discognathus waterloti Pellegrin, 1935</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Garra dageti Monod, 1950</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Garra waterloti dageti Monod, 1950</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1992-03-24</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>1994-08-29</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2940&amp;speccode=5285'>Lévêque, C.0 Cyprinidae. p. 269-361. In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douces et saumâtres d'Afrique de l'Ouest. Tome I. Coll. Faune Tropicale n° XXVIII. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, and O.R.S.T.O.M., Paris, 384 p. (Ref. 2940)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=3799&amp;speccode=5285'>Ita, E.O.0 Kainji (Nigeria). p. 43-103. In J.M. Kapetsky and T. Petr (eds.) Status of African reservoir fisheries. CIFA Tech. Pap. 10:326 p. (Ref. 3799)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4517&amp;speccode=5285'>Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=7494&amp;speccode=5285'>Varjo, M.0 Kalannimiluettelo (List of Finnish fish names). Luonnon Tutkija 85:1-60. (Ref. 7494)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=13331&amp;speccode=5285'>Paugy, D., K. Traoré and P.S. Diouf0 Faune ichtyologique des eaux douces d'Afrique de l'Ouest. p.35-66. In G.G. Teugels, J.F. Guégan and J.J. Albaret (eds.) Biological diversity of African fresh-and brackish water fishes. Geographical overviews presented at the PARADI Symposium, Senegal, 15-20 November 1993. Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Sci. Zool., 275:177 p. (Ref. 13331)</reference>
	<reference isbn='978-34-7600-9.' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31256&amp;speccode=5285'>Olaosebikan, B.D. and A. Raji0 Field guide to Nigerian freshwater fishes. Federal College of Freshwater Fisheries Technology, New Bussa, Nigeria. 106 p. (Ref. 31256)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=5285'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31982&amp;speccode=5285'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=38732&amp;speccode=5285'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=41414&amp;speccode=5285'>Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, USA. (Ref. 41414)</reference>
	<reference isbn='80-7036-139-5' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51055&amp;speccode=5285'>Hanel, L. and J. Novák0 České názvy zivočichů V. Ryby a ryboviti obratlovci (Pisces) 3., maloústí (Gonorhynchiformes) - máloostní (Cypriniformes). Národní muzeum (zoologické oddělení), Praha. (Ref. 51055)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=5285'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=81282&amp;speccode=5285'>Lévêque, C.0 Cyprinidae. p. 322-436. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 1. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 457p. (Ref. 81282)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=96454&amp;speccode=5285'>Roberts, T.R.0 &lt;i&gt;Garra allostoma&lt;/i&gt;, a new species of cyprinid fish from highlands of the Niger basin in Cameroun. Rev. Hydrobiol. Trop. 23(2):161-169. (Ref. 96454)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=105471&amp;speccode=5285'>eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471)</reference>
	<reference isbn='1849954984' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=128868&amp;speccode=5285'>Beolens, B., M. Grayson and M. Watkins0 Eponym dictionary of Fishes. 	Dunbeath, Caithness (Scotland, UK): Whittles Publishing Limited, 1300 p. (Ref. 128868)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=137577&amp;speccode=5285'>Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577)</reference><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-GeneralDescr-5285</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Tess Cruz</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-03-24 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>1994-08-29 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5285</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Affinities:  close to those from Chad basin, G. dembeensis.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2940&amp;speccode=5285'>Lévêque, C. 1990 Cyprinidae. p. 269-361. In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douces et saumâtres d'Afrique de l'Ouest. Tome I. Coll. Faune Tropicale n° XXVIII. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, and O.R.S.T.O.M., Paris, 384 p. (Ref. 2940)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-DiagnosticDescr-5285</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='http://oceans.ubc.ca/maria-lourdes-deng-palomares/' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Maria Lourdes D. Palomares</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-07-21 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2014-02-04 21:49:40</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5285</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Diagnosis: mental disk well developed; rostral lobe well developed, edge denticulate; dorsal profile flat; scale formula 5.5/36-38/-; 3 scales between lateral line and pelvic-fin base; 16 scales around caudal peduncle; 7-8 dorsal fin branched rays; 5 anal fin branched rays; known from Senegal to Upper Niger (Ref. 2940, 81282).Description: body depth comprised from 5 to 7x SL; snout long and rounded; mouth inferior with lower lip forming a mental disk with free marginal membrane (either entire or slightly trilobed posteriorly); two very small barbels on either side; D:III,7-8; A:II,5; P:14-15; V:8-9 (Ref. 2940, 81282). Coloration: back greyish-black, belly yellowish-white; more or less distinct and regular dark longitudinal band along middle of sides; black spot behind gill cover and red spot (in live specimens) above upper end of gill slit; black blotch at base of caudal peduncle and black vertical bar at caudal-fin base; some black spots at base of dorsal fin; fins sometimes tinged with pink in life (Ref. 2940, 81282).</dc:description>
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	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=81282&amp;speccode=5285'>Lévêque, C. 2003 Cyprinidae. p. 322-436. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 1. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 457p. (Ref. 81282)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Morphology-5285</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='http://oceans.ubc.ca/maria-lourdes-deng-palomares/' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Maria Lourdes D. Palomares</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-07-21 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2014-02-04 21:49:40</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5285</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>Dorsal soft rays (total): 10 - 11; Analsoft rays: 7</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=81282&amp;speccode=5285'>Lévêque, C. 2003 Cyprinidae. p. 322-436. In D. Paugy, C. Lévêque and G.G Teugels (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of West Africa Volume 1. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 40. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 457p. (Ref. 81282)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-5285</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Tess Cruz</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-03-24 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2014-02-04 21:50:09</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5285</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses</subject>
	<dc:description>Africa:  Senegal River and higher reaches of the Niger River (Ref. 2940, 81282). Also found in Benue River (Ref. 13331, 31256).</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2940&amp;speccode=5285'>Lévêque, C. 1990 Cyprinidae. p. 269-361. In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douces et saumâtres d'Afrique de l'Ouest. Tome I. Coll. Faune Tropicale n° XXVIII. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, and O.R.S.T.O.M., Paris, 384 p. (Ref. 2940)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Uses-5285</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Tess Cruz</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-03-24 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>1994-08-29 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Importance</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5285</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle</subject>
	<dc:description>fisheries: of no interest</dc:description>
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	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-5285</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Tess Cruz</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1992-03-24 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>1994-08-29 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5285</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>7.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 3799)); max. published weight: 5.0 g (Ref. 3799)</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=3799&amp;speccode=5285'>Ita, E.O. 1984 Kainji (Nigeria). p. 43-103. In J.M. Kapetsky and T. Petr (eds.) Status of African reservoir fisheries. CIFA Tech. Pap. 10:326 p. (Ref. 3799)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=3799&amp;speccode=5285'>Ita, E.O. 1984 Kainji (Nigeria). p. 43-103. In J.M. Kapetsky and T. Petr (eds.) Status of African reservoir fisheries. CIFA Tech. Pap. 10:326 p. (Ref. 3799)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-5285</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Tess Cruz</agent>
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	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5285</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>benthopelagic; freshwater</dc:description>
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