FB-5362 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5362 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Cichliformes Cichlidae Serranochromis Serranochromis jallae (Boulenger, 1896) Nembwe Nembwe Upper Zambezi nembwe Tshikele 傑氏粗壯鮨麗魚 杰氏粗壮鮨丽鱼 Hemichromis jallae Boulenger, 1896 Paratilapia robusta (non Günther, 1864) Paratilapia thumbergii (non Castelnau, 1861) Paratilapia zambesensis Gilchrist & Thompson, 1917 Pelmatochromis ngamensis Gilchrist & Thompson, 1917 Serranochromis robustus (non Boulenger, 1896) Serranochromis robustus (non Günther, 1864) Serranochromis robustus jallae (Boulenger, 1896) Serranochromis robustus robustus (non Günther, 1864) Serranochromis thumbergii (non Castelnau, 1861) 1992-04-01 2023-05-15 Jackson, P.B.N.0 The fishes of Northern Rhodesia. A check list of indigenous species. The Government Printer, Lusaka. 140 p. (Ref. 246) Poll, M.0 Exploration du Parc National de l'Upemba - Mission G.F. De Witte en collaboration avec W. Adam, A. Janssens, L. Van Meel et R. Verheyen (1946-1949). Fascicule 73. Poissons. Fondation pour favoriser les Recherches Scientifiques en Afrique, Bruxelles. 127 pp. (Ref. 2970) van der Bank, F.H., W.S. Grant and J.T. Ferreira0 Electrophoretically detectable genetic data for fifteen southern African cichlids. J. Fish Biol. 34(4):465-483. (Ref. 3091) Balon, E.K.0 Fishes of Lake Kariba, Africa. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. (Ref. 3126) Bruton, M.N., P.B.N. Jackson and P.H. Skelton0 Pocket guide to the freshwater fishes of southern Africa. Cape Town (South Africa): Centaur Publishers, p.88. (Ref. 5214) Torres, F.S.B. Jr.0 Length-weight relationships of Lake Kariba fishes. Naga, ICLARM Q. 15(4):42-43. (Ref. 5330) Skelton, P.H. and G.G. Teugels0 Serranochromis. p. 442-453. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 5693) de Moor, I.J. and M.N. Bruton0 Atlas of alien and translocated indigenous aquatic animals in southern Africa. A report of the Committee for Nature Conservation Research National Programme for Ecosystem Research. South African Scientific Programmes Report No. 144. 310 p. Port Elizabeth, South Africa. (Ref. 6465) Skelton, P.H.0 A complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern Africa. Southern Book Publishers. 388 p. (Ref. 7248) Thys van den Audenaerde, D.F.E.0 Introduction of aquatic species into Zambian waters, and their importance for aquaculture and fisheries. Aquaculture for Local Community Development Programme, ALCOM Field Document No. 24. 29 p. (Ref. 8600) Poll, M.0 Contribution à la faune ichthyologique de l'Angola. Diamang Publ. Cult., nr. 75:381 p. (Ref. 11970) Winemiller, K.O. and L.C. Kelso-Winemiller0 Comparative ecology of catfishes of the Upper Zambezi River floodplain. J. Fish Biol. 49(6):1043-1061. (Ref. 12597) Skelton, P.H.0 Diversity and distribution of freshwater fishes in East and Southern Africa. p.95-131. In G.G. Teugels, J.F. Guégan and J.J. Albaret (eds.) Biological diversity of African fresh-and brackish water fishes. Geographical overviews presented at the PARADI Symposium, Senegal, 15-20 November 1993. Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr. Zool. 275. (Ref. 13332) Bell-Cross, G. and J.L. Minshull0 The fishes of Zimbabwe. National Museums and Monuments of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe. 294 p. (Ref. 13337) Jubb, R.A.0 Freshwater fishes of Southern Africa. A.A. Balkema, Cape Town. 248 p. (Ref. 13721) Merron, G.S. and M.N. Bruton0 Community ecology and conservation of the fishes of the Okavango Delta, Botswana. Environ. Biol. Fishes 43(2):109-119. (Ref. 27501) Kapasa, C.K. and I.G. Cowx0 Post-impoundment changes in the fish fauna of Lake Itezhi-tezhi, Zambia. J. Fish Biol. 39(6):783-793. (Ref. 27607) Balon, E.K. and D.J. Stewart0 Fish assemblages in a river with unusual gradient (Luongo, Africa - Zaire system), reflections on river zonation, and description of another new species. Environ. Biol. Fishes 9(3-4):225-252. (Ref. 27609) Winemiller, K.O.0 Comparative ecology of <i>Serranochromis</i> species (Teleostei: Cichlidae) in the Upper Zambezi River floodplain. J. Fish Biol. 39(5):617-639. (Ref. 28669) Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982) Hay, C.J., B.J. van Zyl, F.H. van der Bank, J.T. Ferreira and G.J. Steyn0 The distribution of freshwater fish in Namibia. Cimbebasia 15:41-63. (Ref. 33857) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Zimbabwe. National Museum of Zimbabwe, P.O. Box 240, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. (Ref. 36653) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. (Ref. 36670) van der Waal, B.C.W. and P.H. Skelton0 Check list of fishes of Caprivi. Madoqua 13(4):303-320. (Ref. 37065) Tweddle, D., D.S.C. Lewis and N.G. Willoughby0 The nature of the barrier separating the Lake Malawi and Zambezi fish faunas. Ichthyol. Bull. Rhodes Univ. 39:1-9. (Ref. 37112) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732) Gratwicke, B. and B.E. Marshall0 The relationship between the exotic predators <i>Micropterus salmoides</i> and <i>Serranochromis robustus</i> and native stream fishes in Zimbabwe. J. Fish Biol. 58(1):68-75. (Ref. 46175) Skelton, P.H.0 A complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern Africa. Cape Town (South Africa): Struik Publishers, 395 p. (Ref. 52193) Lamboj, A.0 The cichlid fishes of Western Africa. Birgit Schmettkamp Verlag, Bornheim, Germany. 255 p. (Ref. 52307) Mosepele, K. and S. Nengu0 Growth, mortality, maturity and length-weight parameters of selected fishes of the Okavango Delta, Botswana. p. 67-74. In M.L.D. Palomares, B. Samb, T. Diouf, J.M. Vakily and D. Pauly (eds.) Fish biodiversity: local studies as basis for global inferences. ACP-EU Fish. Res. Rep. 14:281 p. (Ref. 52846) Okeyo, D.O.0 On the biodiversity and the distribution of freshwater fish of Namibia: an annotated update. p.156-194. In M.L.D. Palomares, B. Samb, T. Diouf, J.M. Vakily and D. Pauly (eds.) Fish biodiversity: local studies as basis for global inferences. ACP-EU Fish. Res. Rep. 14:281 p. (Ref. 52863) Mwape, L.M.0 Bemba local names of lake fishes in northern Zambia. p. 246-249. In M.L.D. Palomares, B. Samb, T. Diouf, J.M. Vakily and D. Pauly (eds.) Fish biodiversity: local studies as basis for global inferences. ACP-EU Fish. Res. Rep. 14:281 p. (Ref. 52870) Snoeks, J. (ed.)0 The cichlid diversity of Lake Malawi/Nyasa/Niassa: identification, distribution and taxonomy. Cichlid Press, El Paso, USA, 360p. (Ref. 55463) Snoeks, J. and M. Hanssens0 Identification guidelines to other non-mbuna. p.266-310. In Snoeks, J. (ed.) The cichlid diversity of Lake Malawi/Nyasa/Niassa: identification, distribution and taxonomy. Cichlid Press, El Paso, USA, 360p. (Ref. 55954) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) Bartley, D.M. (comp./ed.)0 DIAS. Introduced species in fisheries and aquaculture: information for responsible use and control. CD-ROM. Rome (Italy): FAO. (Ref. 74657) Jubb, R.A.0 An illustrated guide to the freshwater fishes of the Zambezi River, Lake Kariba, Pungwe, Sabi, Lundi, and Limpopo Rivers. Stuart manning, Bulawayo. 171 p. (Ref. 83372) Marshall, B.0 The fishes of Zimbabwe and their biology. Smithiana Monogr. 3:290 p. (Ref. 94654) Van Steenberge, M., E. Vreven and J. Snoeks0 The fishes of the Upper Luapula area (Congo basin): a fauna of mixed origin. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 24(4):329-345. (Ref. 95585) Boulenger, G.A.0 Liste des poissons recueillis par le R.P. Louis Jalla à Kazungula, haut Zambèse. Boll. Mus. Zool. Anat. Comp. R. Univ. Torino 11(260):1-2. (Ref. 97232) Trewavas, E.0 A revision of the genus <i>Serranochromis</i> Regan (Pisces, Cichlidae). Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Sér. in-8°, Sci. Zool., 125:58 p. (Ref. 97233) Scott, L.E.P., P.H. Skelton, A.J. Booth, L. Verheust, R. Harris and J. Dooley0 Atlas of southern African freshwater fishes. Smithiana Monogr. 2:303 p. (Ref. 97235) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) Skelton, P.H.0 Chapter 11. The freshwater fishes of Angola. p. 207-242. In B.J. Huntley, V. Russo, F. Lages and N. Ferrand (eds.) Biodiversity of Angola. Science & conservation: a modern synthesis. Springer Nature Switzerland AG, Cham, Switzerland. 549 p. (Ref. 120641) Stauffer, J.R. Jr., R. Bills, P.H. Skelton and O.L.F. Weyl0 Re-evaluation to species level and redescription of <i>Serranochromis jallae</i> and <i>Serranochromis robustus</i> (Teleostei: Cichlidae). Zootaxa 4858(1):126-134. (Ref. 128638) Beolens, B., M. Grayson and M. Watkins0 Eponym dictionary of Fishes. Dunbeath, Caithness (Scotland, UK): Whittles Publishing Limited, 1300 p. (Ref. 128868) FB-GeneralDescr-5362 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-04-01 00:00:00 2023-05-15 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5362 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Juveniles occur mostly on the floodplain and in lagoons and secondary channels, but larger adults appear to prefer mainstream habitats, like deep main channels and permanent lagoons,and are associated with in-stream structures such as woody debris, macrophyte beds, reeds, and eroded clay cliffs on outside bends of the rivers (Ref. 7248, 94654, 128638). Large specimens patrol open water of rivers and lakes, never very far from shore (Ref. 246) and live in well-vegetated quiet waters or near submerged trees or rocks in the lee of the river’s main current, lunging out to capture prey (Ref. 5614). Predator on fish but also feeds on aquatic and terrestrial insects, shrimps and small crabs (Ref. 13337). Adults often feed on squeakers (Ref. 7248, 13337, 94654). Mouthbrooder (Ref. 246, 13337, 13721) and multiple spawner (Ref. 13337). Constructs shallow nest on sandy or muddy substrate in shallow water (Ref. 13337). Reported to have adverse impact on native fish species in Zimbabwe (Ref. 94654). Stauffer, J.R. Jr., R. Bills, P.H. Skelton and O.L.F. Weyl 2020 Re-evaluation to species level and redescription of <i>Serranochromis jallae</i> and <i>Serranochromis robustus</i> (Teleostei: Cichlidae). Zootaxa 4858(1):126-134. (Ref. 128638) FB-DiagnosticDescr-5362 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Gert Boden 2023-05-09 00:00:00 2023-05-09 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5362 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Diagnosis: The presence of four or five scale rows between the posterior margin of the orbit and the ascending arm of the preoperculum, the presence of widely set unicuspid teeth on the jaws, widely separated gill rakers, and anal fins with egg ocelli places this species in Serranochromis (Ref. 128638). Breeding males of S. jallae possess ocelli that are restricted to the posterior 4-5 membranes of the anal fin, which delimits them from all other Serranochromis species, which have ocelli throughout the anal fin in breeding males, with the exception of S. robustus (Ref. 128638). Serranochromis robustus generally has a longer lower jaw than S. jallae, 50.7-59.6% of head length vs. 49.2-52.7%; it is not as deep-bodied as S. jallae as evidenced by the distance between the posterior insertion of the dorsal fin and the posterior insertion of the anal fin, 13.4-15.1% of standard length in S. robustus vs. 14.9-18.4% in S. jallae; additionally, S. robustus has a narrower least caudal peduncle depth than S. jallae, 10.9-12.8% of standard length vs. 11.3-14.2%, the least caudal peduncle depth of all S. robustus was less than 12.8% of standard length while for S. jallae, except for the smallest specimen, the least caudal peduncle depth was greater than 13.2%; Serranochromis robustus has a smaller horizontal eye diameter than S. jallae, 17.7-27.4% of head length vs. 18.6-25.5%; in general, S. robustus has more teeth in the outer row of the left lower jaw than S. jallae, 14-23 vs. 13-14 (Ref. 128638). Adults in breeding colour of Serranochromis robustus are blue/green laterally with a narrow yellow marginal band on the dorsal fin and usually a small yellowish tip to the upper caudal-fin lobe; adults in breeding colour of S. jallae are yellow/green laterally with a bright orange marginal band on the dorsal and caudal fins in fish from the Okavango River system, but creamy yellow bands in fish from the upper Zambezi River system; the throat and belly of S. jallae becomes more intensely yellow-orange in breeding dress hence the local name 'yellow-belly'; rarely, specimens from the Okavango River in Namibia also have yellow rather than orange marginal bands (Ref. 128638).Description: Head elongate, 35.8-39.7% of standard length; cheek depth 23.1-33.2% of head length; snout elongate, 33.9-38.6% of head length, and posterior end of lower jaw anterior to anterior margin of orbit; two to three pored scales posterior to hypural plate, and 7-9 rows of scales on cheek; lateral line scales 37-39 (Ref. 128638). Outer arch of epibranchial with 4 gill rakers; outer arch of ceratobranchial with 11-12 gill rakers (Ref. 128638). Teeth in 2 series on upper and lower jaws (Ref. 128638). Pectoral fin immediately posterior to posterior margin of opercle and directly under origin of dorsal fin; pelvic fin posterior to origin of dorsal fin; caudal fin rounded; dorsal fin with 15-17 spines and 14-16 rays, anal fin with 3 spines and 10-12 rays, pelvic fin with 5 rays, pectoral fin with 15-16 rays (Ref. 128638). Stauffer, J.R. Jr., R. Bills, P.H. Skelton and O.L.F. Weyl 2020 Re-evaluation to species level and redescription of <i>Serranochromis jallae</i> and <i>Serranochromis robustus</i> (Teleostei: Cichlidae). Zootaxa 4858(1):126-134. (Ref. 128638) FB-Morphology-5362 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Gert Boden 2023-05-09 00:00:00 2023-05-09 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5362 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Dorsal spines (total): 15 - 17; Dorsal soft rays (total): 14 - 16; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 10 - 12 Stauffer, J.R. Jr., R. Bills, P.H. Skelton and O.L.F. Weyl 2020 Re-evaluation to species level and redescription of <i>Serranochromis jallae</i> and <i>Serranochromis robustus</i> (Teleostei: Cichlidae). Zootaxa 4858(1):126-134. (Ref. 128638) FB-Distribution-5362 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-04-01 00:00:00 2023-05-12 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5362 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Africa: Okavango, upper Zambezi, Kafue, Kasai and Zambian Congo systems (Ref. 11970, 13332, 94654, 97233, 97235, 128638), including upper Lualaba in Democratic Republic of the Congo (Ref. 97233) and Mweru-Bangweulu area of Upper Congo River basin (Ref. 95585, 97233); also Cunene River (Ref. 13332, 120641). It has been introduced to Lake Kariba and elsewhere in Zimbabwe (Ref. 94654, 128638), including Sabi River catchment (Ref. 13721), and to Shashi Dam in Botswana (Ref. 6465) and South Africa (Ref. 6465). Stauffer, J.R. Jr., R. Bills, P.H. Skelton and O.L.F. Weyl 2020 Re-evaluation to species level and redescription of <i>Serranochromis jallae</i> and <i>Serranochromis robustus</i> (Teleostei: Cichlidae). Zootaxa 4858(1):126-134. (Ref. 128638) FB-Uses-5362 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-04-01 00:00:00 2023-05-15 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5362 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size fisheries: minor commercial; aquarium: commercial Balon, E.K. 1974 Fishes of Lake Kariba, Africa. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. (Ref. 3126) Baensch, H.A. and R. Riehl 1991 Aquarien atlas. Bd. 3. Melle: Mergus, Verlag für Natur-und Heimtierkunde, Germany. 1104 p. FB-LifeCycle-5362 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Armi G. Torres 1992-04-01 00:00:00 2023-05-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=5362&StockCode=5609 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Incubates eggs in the mouth. Constructs a shallow concave nest on a sandy or muddy substrate in fairly shallow water. Bell-Cross, G. and J.L. Minshull 1988 The fishes of Zimbabwe. National Museums and Monuments of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe. 294 p. (Ref. 13337) FB-TrophicStrategy-5362 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Drina Sta. Iglesia 2001-03-05 00:00:00 2023-05-12 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public jallae http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Juveniles occur mostly on the floodplain and in lagoons, but larger adults appear to prefer mainstream habitats and are associeted with in-stream structures such as woody debris, macrophyte beds, reeds, and eroded clay cliffs on outside bends of the rivers (Ref. 128638). Frequency of occurrence in Caprivi: frequently in sandy streams, common in standing deep water, occasionally in shallow swamps (Ref. 37065). Stauffer, J.R. Jr., R. Bills, P.H. Skelton and O.L.F. Weyl 2020 Re-evaluation to species level and redescription of <i>Serranochromis jallae</i> and <i>Serranochromis robustus</i> (Teleostei: Cichlidae). Zootaxa 4858(1):126-134. (Ref. 128638) FB-Size-5362 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-04-01 00:00:00 2023-05-15 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5362 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution 39.6 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 5693)); max. published weight: 4,000 g (Ref. 128638) Skelton, P.H. and G.G. Teugels 1991 Serranochromis. p. 442-453. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 5693) Stauffer, J.R. Jr., R. Bills, P.H. Skelton and O.L.F. Weyl 2020 Re-evaluation to species level and redescription of <i>Serranochromis jallae</i> and <i>Serranochromis robustus</i> (Teleostei: Cichlidae). Zootaxa 4858(1):126-134. (Ref. 128638) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-5362 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-04-01 00:00:00 2023-05-15 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5362 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle demersal; freshwater