FB-5407 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5407 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Osteoglossiformes Mormyridae Cyphomyrus Cyphomyrus discorhynchus (Peters, 1852) Sakulo Zambezi-papegaaivis Zambezi-papegaavis Chimpumwe Chipumamabwe Rypoun zambezský Rypoun mosambický Parrotfish Zambesi parrotfish Zambezi parrotfish Zambezi kühmakturi Leukanuijakala Ndaka Ntaka Ntchentcheta Mphuta Mputa Ntachi Samwamowa 斯氏河馬長頜魚 斯氏河马长颌鱼 盘吻河马长颌鱼 盤吻河馬長頜魚 Cyphomyrus smithersi (Määr, 1962) Hippopotamyrus discorhynchus (Peters, 1852) Hippopotamyrus smithersi (Määr, 1962) Marcusenius discorhynchus (Peters, 1852) Marcusenius smithersi Määr, 1962 Marcusenius tanganicanus Boulenger, 1906 Mormyrus discorhynchus Peters, 1852 Petrocephalus discorhynchus (Peters, 1852) 1992-04-15 2011-03-24 Balon, E.K. and A.G. Coche0 Lake Kariba: a man-made tropical ecosystem in Central Africa. Dr. W. Junk, The Hague, Monogr. Biol. 24. 767 p. (Ref. 355) De Kimpe, P.0 Contribution à l'étude hydrobiologique du Luapula-Moero. Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Sér. in-8°, Sci. Zool., 128:238 p. (Ref. 361) Boulenger, G.A.0 Fourth contribution to the ichthyology of Lake Tanganyika. Report on the collection of fishes made by Dr. W.A. Cunnington during the Third Tanganyika Expedition, 1904-1905. Trans. Zool. Soc. Lond. 17(6):537-600. (Ref. 1872) Poll, M.0 Exploration du Parc National de l'Upemba - Mission G.F. De Witte en collaboration avec W. Adam, A. Janssens, L. Van Meel et R. Verheyen (1946-1949). Fascicule 73. Poissons. Fondation pour favoriser les Recherches Scientifiques en Afrique, Bruxelles. 127 pp. (Ref. 2970) Balon, E.K.0 Fishes of Lake Kariba, Africa. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. (Ref. 3126) Gosse, J.-P.0 Mormyridae. p. 63-122. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. Vol. 1. 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The small-scale fishery on Lake Kariba in Zambia. Deutsche Gessellscahft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ) GmbH, Eschborn, Germany, 293 p. (Ref. 27602) Swedish Museum of Natural History0 Fish collection database of the Naturhistoriska riksmuseet (Swedish Museum of Natural History). Ichthyology Section, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden. (Ref. 31402) Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982) Nsiku, E.0 Changes in the fisheries of Lake Malawi, 1976-1996: ecosystem-based analysis. University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. 217 p. M.Sc. thesis. (Ref. 33486) Hay, C.J., B.J. van Zyl, F.H. van der Bank, J.T. Ferreira and G.J. Steyn0 The distribution of freshwater fish in Namibia. Cimbebasia 15:41-63. (Ref. 33857) Anonymous0 The icthyological collection of the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). Division of Ichthyology and Herpetology, Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). (Ref. 35508) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Zimbabwe. National Museum of Zimbabwe, P.O. Box 240, Bulawayo, Zimbabwe. (Ref. 36653) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. (Ref. 36670) van der Waal, B.C.W. and P.H. Skelton0 Check list of fishes of Caprivi. Madoqua 13(4):303-320. (Ref. 37065) Tweddle, D., D.S.C. Lewis and N.G. Willoughby0 The nature of the barrier separating the Lake Malawi and Zambezi fish faunas. Ichthyol. Bull. Rhodes Univ. 39:1-9. (Ref. 37112) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). 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Ryby a rybovití obratlovci (Pisces) II., nozdratí (Sarcopterygii), paprskoploutví (Actinopterygii) [chrupavčití (Chondrostei), kostnatí (Neopterygii): kostlíni (Semionotiformes) - bezostní (Clupeiformes)]. Národní muzeum (zoologické odděleí), Praha. (Ref. 51054) Varjo, M., L. Koli and H. Dahlström0 Kalannimiluettelo (versio 10/03). Suomen Biologian Seura Vanamo Ry. (Ref. 51086) Skelton, P.H.0 A complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern Africa. Cape Town (South Africa): Struik Publishers, 395 p. (Ref. 52193) Okeyo, D.O.0 On the biodiversity and the distribution of freshwater fish of Namibia: an annotated update. p.156-194. In M.L.D. Palomares, B. Samb, T. Diouf, J.M. Vakily and D. Pauly (eds.) Fish biodiversity: local studies as basis for global inferences. ACP-EU Fish. Res. Rep. 14:281 p. (Ref. 52863) Mwape, L.M.0 Bemba local names of lake fishes in northern Zambia. p. 246-249. In M.L.D. Palomares, B. Samb, T. Diouf, J.M. Vakily and D. Pauly (eds.) Fish biodiversity: local studies as basis for global inferences. ACP-EU Fish. Res. Rep. 14:281 p. (Ref. 52870) Snoeks, J. (ed.)0 The cichlid diversity of Lake Malawi/Nyasa/Niassa: identification, distribution and taxonomy. Cichlid Press, El Paso, USA, 360p. (Ref. 55463) Snoeks, J.0 The non-cichlid fishes of the Lake Malawi system: a compilation. p. 20-26. In Snoeks, J. (ed.) The cichlid diversity of Lake Malawi/Nyasa/Niassa: identification, distribution and taxonomy. Cichlid Press, El Paso, USA, 360p. (Ref. 55909) Balon, E.K.0 Possible fish stock size assessment and available production survey as developed on Lake Kariba. Afr. J. Trop. Hydrobiol. Fish. 2:45-73. (Ref. 56439) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) Sanyanga, R.A., C. Machena and N. Kautsky0 Abundance and distribution of inshore fish in fished and protected areas in Lake Kariba, Zimbabwe. Hydrobiologia 306:67-78. (Ref. 58363) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis, 29 April 2008. (Ref. 75549) Næsje, T.F., C.J. Hay, N. Nickanor, J.H., Strand, R. Koekemoer and E.B. Thorstad0 Fish populations, gill net catches and gill net selectivity in the Kwando River, Namibia. NINA Project Report 27. 64 p. (Ref. 81703) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062) Kullander, S.O. and T.R. Roberts0 Out of Lake Tanganyika: endemic lake fishes inhabit rapids of the Lukuga River. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 22(4):355-376. (Ref. 93587) Van Steenberge, M., E. Vreven and J. Snoeks0 The fishes of the Upper Luapula area (Congo basin): a fauna of mixed origin. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 24(4):329-345. (Ref. 95585) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110) eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471) Decru, E.0 The ichthyofauna in the Central Congo basin: diversity and distribution in the north-eastern tributaries. KULeuven, Faculty of Science, Leuven (Belgium), 303p. (Ref. 106290) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272) Kramer, B. and F.H. Van der Bank0 The Victoria Falls, a species boundary for the Zambezi parrotfish, <i>Cyphomyrus discorhynchus</i> (Peters, 1852), and the resurrection of <i>Cyphomyrus cubangoensis</i> (Pellegrin, 1936) (Mormyridae: Teleostei). J. Nat. Hist. 45(43-44):2669-2699. (Ref. 119538) Mulelenu, C.M., B. Katemo Manda, E. Decru, A. Chocha Manda and E. Vreven0 The <i>Cyphomyrus</i> Myers 1960 (Osteoglossiformes: Mormyridae) of the Lufira basin (Upper Lualaba: DR Congo): a generic reassignment and description of a new species. J. Fish Biol. 96(5):1123-1141. (Ref. 122874) IUCN0 The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1964 - onwards. https://www.iucnredlist.org/ (Ref. 130435) FB-pic-5407-13392 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1997-02-18 1997-02-18 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5407 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Hidis_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Hidis_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-5407 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-04-15 00:00:00 2011-03-24 00:56:22 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5407 Nocturnal shoaling species; favors large river channels with a soft bottom and fringing vegetation (Ref. 7248, 52193). Found mainly in sheltered bays, lagoons and swampy areas; occurs also in typical sandy or rocky rivers (Ref. 13337). Feeds on bottom-living invertebrates (Ref. 52193) and insect larvae at night (Ref. 5595). Known to migrate up tributary rivers of Lake Kariba during rainy season, though it is not yet clear whether this is a breeding migration (Ref. 13337). Breeds during summer rainy season; females carry up to 5,000 eggs (Ref. 7248). Gosse, J.-P. 1984 Mormyridae. p. 63-122. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. Vol. 1. (Ref. 3203) FB-DiagnosticDescr-5407 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1993-01-19 00:00:00 2020-09-23 21:10:59 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5407 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Diagnosis: Dorsal fin up to 1.5 times in length of anal fin; origin of dorsal fin in advance of anal fin (Ref. 52193). Snout rounded, in front of mouth; eye well above mouth; chin with fleshy bulge (Ref. 4967). For distinguishing between specimens of Cyphomyrus discorhynchus en C. cubangoensis, the most useful anatomical characters are: longer dorsal fin length, longer anal fin length, higher number of dorsal fin rays and anal fin rays, and a higher caudal peduncle depth and caudal peduncle length ratio in C. discorhynchus than in C. cubangoensis (Ref. 119538).Description: Body relatively deep, compressed (Ref. 52193). Head rounded with blunt snout, mouth with mental lobe, teeth biscuspid, 5-6 in each jaw (Ref. 52193). Teeth in upper jaw 4-7; teeth in lower jaw 5-8 (Ref. 122874). Dorsal fin longer than anal, dorsal fin origin before anal fin origin, caudal fin forked, with round lobes; dorsal-fin rays 28-37; anal-fin rays 23-27; pectoral-fin rays 10-11; pelvic-fin rays 6 (Ref. 52193, 122874). Scales on lateral line 57-73; circumpeduncular scales 12-13; scales between dorsal and anal fins 28-31; scales between dorsal fin and lateral line 15-17; scales between pelvic fin and lateral line 14-17 (Ref. 52193, 122874). Total number of vertebrae 39-41 (Ref. 122874).Colouration: Greyish brown to dark brown, nearly black, lighter below, dark vertical bar sometimes evident between dorsal and anal fins (Ref. 52193). Skelton, P.H. 2001 A complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern Africa. Cape Town (South Africa): Struik Publishers, 395 p. (Ref. 52193) FB-Morphology-5407 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1993-01-19 00:00:00 2020-09-23 21:10:59 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5407 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 28 - 37; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 23 - 27; Vertebrae: 39 - 41 Skelton, P.H. 2001 A complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern Africa. Cape Town (South Africa): Struik Publishers, 395 p. (Ref. 52193) FB-Distribution-5407 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-04-15 00:00:00 2025-11-04 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5407 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Africa: Cunene, Okavango, Buzi, Pungwe (Ref. 52193), Zambezi (Ref. 3203, 52193, 95585), Save (Ref. 13337) and Cubango Rivers (Ref. 3203). Absent from the Kafue River (Ref. 7248, 52193, 95585). Also in Malagarasi River, Lake Rukwa (Ref. 27292), lakes Tanganyika and Malawi (Ref. 3203, 52193). In the Congo basin known from the Lindi-Tshopo (Ref. 106290), upper Kasai (middle Congo River basin)(Ref. 2970), Lualaba (Ref. 45434), upper Lualaba (Ref. 2970, 45434) and the Mweru-Luapula-Bangweulu area (Ref. 13337, 95585). Gosse, J.-P. 1984 Mormyridae. p. 63-122. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. Vol. 1. (Ref. 3203) FB-Uses-5407 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-04-15 00:00:00 2011-03-24 00:56:22 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5407 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat fisheries: minor commercial; aquarium: commercial Balon, E.K. 1974 Fishes of Lake Kariba, Africa. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. (Ref. 3126) Skelton, P.H. 1993 A complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern Africa. Southern Book Publishers. 388 p. (Ref. 7248) Konings, A. 1990 Ad Konings's book of cichlids and all the other fishes of Lake Malawi. T.F.H. Publications, Inc. 495 p. (Ref. 5595) FB-TrophicStrategy-5407 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Drina Sta. Iglesia 2000-11-10 00:00:00 2001-03-05 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public discorhynchus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Nocturnal shoaling species; favors large river channels with a soft bottom and fringing vegetation (Ref. 7248). Found mainly in sheltered bays, lagoons and swampy areas. Occurs also in typical sandy/rocky rivers (Ref. 13337). Frequency of occurence in Caprivi: frequently on rocky streams, occasionally in standing deep water (Ref. 037065). Feeds on insect larvae at night. Known to migrate up tributary rivers of Lake Kariba during rainy season,though it is not yet clear whether this is a breeding migration (Ref. 13337). Breeds during the rainy season; females carry up to 5,000 eggs. Gosse, J.-P. 1984 Mormyridae. p. 63-122. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ORSTOM, Paris and MRAC, Tervuren. Vol. 1. (Ref. 3203) FB-Size-5407 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-04-15 00:00:00 2011-03-24 00:56:22 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5407 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology 31.0 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 4967)); max. published weight: 1,100 g (Ref. 52193) Eccles, D.H. 1992 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Tanzania. Prepared and published with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (project URT/87/016). FAO, Rome. 145 p. (Ref. 4967) Skelton, P.H. 2001 A complete guide to the freshwater fishes of southern Africa. Cape Town (South Africa): Struik Publishers, 395 p. (Ref. 52193) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-5407 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-04-15 00:00:00 2011-03-24 00:56:22 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5407 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses demersal; freshwater