FB-546 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=546 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Clupeiformes Engraulidae Anchovia Anchovia surinamensis (Bleeker, 1865) Biqueirão-de-baía Sardel mitchillova Nordvestatlantisk ansjos Bay anchovy Common anchovy Harilik antšoa Anchois américain Anchois bai Anchois baie Ancioa анчоа обыкновенная Amerikansk ansjovis Anchoa de caleta Zalivski sardon 浅湾小鳀 淺灣小鯷 Anchoa mitchilli diaphana Hildebrand, 1943 Engraulis louisiana Lesueur, 1848 Engraulis mitchilli Valenciennes, 1848 1990-10-17 2013-07-15 ASIH (American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists)0 Ontogeny and systematics of fishes. Based on an international symposium dedicated to the memory of Elbert Halvor Ahlstrom, 15-18 August 1983, La Jolla, California. Spec. Publ. Am. Soc. Ichthyol. Herpetol. 1:ix, 760 p. (Ref. 63) Fahay, M.0 Guide to the early stages of marine fishes occuring in the Western North Atlantic Ocean, Cape Hatteras to the Southern Scotian Shelf. J. Northwest Atl. Fish. 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Piscat. 53:201-207. (Ref. 130066) Munyandorero, J. and D. Addis0 Morphometric relationships and non-parametric, length-frequency-based growth parameters and natural mortality for common marine forage fish in Florida waters (USA). Regional Studies in Marine Science 39:101468. (Ref. 130949) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-GeneralDescr-545 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-12-02 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=545 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats More commonly found in shallow tidal areas with muddy bottoms and brackish waters, tolerating a wide range of salinities (virtually fresh to fully saline or hypersaline). Found only in spring and summer in the tidal portion of the Ochlockonee River, Florida. Feed mostly on Mysis and copepods, also small fishes, gastropods and isopods. Breed off North Carolina from late April to mid-July, perhaps through to August. Used to some extent to make anchovy paste (Ref. 189). Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana 1988 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189) FB-DiagnosticDescr-545 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2012-11-30 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=545 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Body variable, more slender in northern populations. Snout fairly blunt, a little over 1/2 eye diameter; maxilla long, tip pointed, reaching beyond hind border of pre-operculum, almost to gill opening; panamensis-type gill cover canals. Anal fin rays rarely 28, its origin below unbranched dorsal fin rays. Anus nearer to pelvic fin tips than to anal fin origin. Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana 1988 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189) FB-Morphology-545 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2012-11-30 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=545 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 0; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 23 - 31 Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana 1988 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189) FB-Distribution-545 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2016-06-13 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=545 Western Atlantic: Casco Bay, Maine south to Florida Keys and westward around the Gulf of Mexico south to Yucatán; not in the West Indies. Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana 1988 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189) FB-Uses-545 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-12-02 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=545 fisheries: minor commercial; bait: usually; price category: medium; price reliability: very questionable: based on ex-vessel price for species in this family Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter 1994 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171) Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana 1988 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189) FB-Migration-545 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-12-02 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=545 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Anadromous. Fish that ascend rivers to spawn, as salmon and hilsa do. Sub-division of diadromous. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. Dean, E.M., A.R. Cooper, L. Wang, W. Daniel, S. David, C. Ernzen, K.B. Gido, E Hale, T.J. Haxton, W. Kelso, N. Leonard, C. Lido, J. Margraf, M. Porter, C. Pennock, D. Propst, J. Ross, M.D. Staudinger, G. Whelan and D.M. Infante 2022 The North American Freshwater Migratory Fish Database (NAFMFD): Characterizing the migratory life histories of freshwater fishes of Canada, the United States of Mexico. J. Biogeography 49:1193-1203. (Ref. 126106) FB-LifeCycle-545 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-12-02 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=545&StockCode=561 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Spawn in school (Ref. 205). Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana 1988 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189) FB-TrophicStrategy-545 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-19 00:00:00 2004-01-17 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public mitchilli http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Occurs down to about 36 mm, but more commonly in shallow tidal areas with muddy bottoms and brackish waters, euryhaline (virtually fresh to fully saline or even hypersaline); found only in spring and summer in the tidal portion of the Ochlokonee River, Florida. See Ref. 42268. Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana 1988 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189) FB-Size-545 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-12-02 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=545 10.0 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 189)) Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana 1988 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-545 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2025-12-02 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=545 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats pelagic-neritic; anadromous (Ref. 126106); freshwater; brackish; marine; depth range 1 - 70 m (Ref. 93252), usually 1 - 36 m (Ref. 189) Dean, E.M., A.R. Cooper, L. Wang, W. Daniel, S. David, C. Ernzen, K.B. Gido, E Hale, T.J. Haxton, W. Kelso, N. Leonard, C. Lido, J. Margraf, M. Porter, C. Pennock, D. Propst, J. Ross, M.D. Staudinger, G. Whelan and D.M. Infante 2022 The North American Freshwater Migratory Fish Database (NAFMFD): Characterizing the migratory life histories of freshwater fishes of Canada, the United States of Mexico. J. Biogeography 49:1193-1203. (Ref. 126106) Murdy, E.O. and J.A. Musick 2013 Field guide to fishes of the Chesapeake Bay. JHU Press, 360 p. (Ref. 93252) Whitehead, P.J.P., G.J. Nelson and T. Wongratana 1988 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 7. Clupeoid fishes of the world (Suborder Clupeoidei). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the herrings, sardines, pilchards, sprats, shads, anchovies and wolf-herrings. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(7/2):305-579. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 189)