FB-5509 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5509 Animalia Chordata Elasmobranchii Rhinopristiformes Rhinobatidae Acroteriobatus Acroteriobatus annulatus (Smith, 1841) Roszak Banjo Kleiner sandkruiper Sandhaai Barbar Fanto Pilohrbet kroužkový Rejnokovec kruhový Guitarfish Lesser guitarfish Lesser sandshark Sandshark Mummuline logardrai Poisson-guitare du Cap Guitarra del Cabo Kleine gitaarrog 突吻犁头鳐 突吻犁頭鰩 Rhinobatos annulatus Smith, 1841 Rhinobatos columnae (non Bonaparte, 1836) Rhinobatus annulatus Smith, 1841 1992-06-02 2022-01-22 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) van der Elst, R.0 A guide to the common sea fishes of southern Africa. C. Struik, Cape Town. 367 p. (Ref. 3670) Torres, F.S.B. Jr.0 Tabular data on marine fishes from Southern Africa, Part I. Length-weight relationships. Fishbyte 9(1):50-53. (Ref. 3678) Compagno, L.J.V.0 Rhinobatidae. p. 128-131. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3919) van der Elst, R.P. and F. Adkin (eds.)0 Marine linefish: priority species and research objectives in southern Africa. Oceanogr. Res. Inst., Spec. Publ. No.1. 132 p. (Ref. 4332) Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517) Compagno, L.J.V., D.A. Ebert and M.J. Smale0 Guide to the sharks and rays of southern Africa. New Holland (Publ.) Ltd., London. 158 p. (Ref. 5578) Rossouw, G.J.0 Age and growth of the sand shark, <i>Rhinobatos annulatus</i>, in Algoa Bay, South Africa. J. Fish Biol. 25(2):213-222. (Ref. 5735) Kuronuma, K. and Y. Abe0 Fishes of the Arabian Gulf. Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research, State of Kuwait, 356 p. 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(Ref. 118717) ECoF, Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes0 Catalog of Fishes. 1985 - onwards. <b>CITATION NOT TO BE USED OUTSIDE FISHBASE. SEE REMARKS</b>. Authorship varies in time: Eschmeyer, W.N.; Fricke, R.; Van der Laan, R. Web database. http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp (Ref. 123477) Vaughan. D.B. and L.A. Chisholm0 A new species of <i>Neoheterocotyle</i> Hargis, 1955 (Monogenea: Monocotylidae) from the gills of <i>Rhinobatos annulatus</i> Müller & Henle (Rhinobatidae) off the southern tip of Africa. Syst. Parasitol. 77:205-213. (Ref. 124054) Vaughan, D.B. and L.A. Chisholm0 Amendment of <i>Pseudoleptobothrium</i> Young, 1967 (Monogenea, Microbothriidae) with the description of <i>Pseudoleptobothrium christisoni</i> sp. nov. from the dermal denticles of <i>Rhinobatos annulatus</i> (Rhinobatidae) off the southern tip of Africa. Acta Parasitologica 56(3):280-289. (Ref. 124055) Weigmann, S., D.A. Ebert, B. 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(Ref. 138356) FB-GeneralDescr-5509 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1992-06-02 00:00:00 2022-01-22 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5509 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Found from the surf line to about 70 m depth (Ref. 5578), also reported as common in shallow waters to at least 75 m depth (Ref. 114953); also enters estuaries (Ref. 27121). Feeds on crustaceans, bivalves, polychaete worms and small bony fishes (Ref. 5578). Ovoviviparous (Ref. 50449). Males mature at ca. 59 cm TL, females at 62-65 cm TL; born at ca. 23 cm TL. Produces litters of 2-10 pups (Ref. 114953). Taken by surf anglers (Ref. 3919). Flesh highly esteemed (Ref. 3919). It is parasitised by the monogeneans Pseudoleptobothrium christisoni on the dorsal skin surface (Ref. 124055) and Neoheterocotyle robii on the gill lamellae (Ref. 124054). Compagno, L.J.V. 1986 Rhinobatidae. p. 128-131. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3919) FB-Distribution-5509 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1992-06-02 00:00:00 2025-11-05 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5509 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Southeast Atlantic to West Indian Ocean: Angola to South Africa and southern Mozambique. Heemstra, P.C., E. Heemstra, D.A. Ebert, W. Holleman and J.E. Randall (eds.) 2022 Coastal fishes of the Western Indian Ocean Vol. 1. South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, a National Research Facility of the National Research Foundation (NRF-SAIAB), 730 p. (Ref. 127960) FB-Uses-5509 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1992-06-02 00:00:00 2022-01-22 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5509 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes; aquarium: commercial Compagno, L.J.V. 1986 Rhinobatidae. p. 128-131. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3919) Compagno, L.J.V. 1986 Rhinobatidae. p. 128-131. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3919) Vaughan, D.B. and L.A. Chisholm 2011 Amendment of <i>Pseudoleptobothrium</i> Young, 1967 (Monogenea, Microbothriidae) with the description of <i>Pseudoleptobothrium christisoni</i> sp. nov. from the dermal denticles of <i>Rhinobatos annulatus</i> (Rhinobatidae) off the southern tip of Africa. Acta Parasitologica 56(3):280-289. (Ref. 124055) FB-LifeCycle-5509 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1992-06-02 00:00:00 2022-01-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=5509&StockCode=5798 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding initially on yolk, then receiving additional nourishment from the mother by indirect absorption of uterine fluid enriched with mucus, fat or protein through specialised structures (Ref. 50449). 2-10 young born in the summer (Ref. 5578). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-TrophicStrategy-5509 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1997-04-08 00:00:00 2023-08-30 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public annulatus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Inhabits shallow water near the surf zone. Feeds on benthic organisms (Ref. 9773). van der Elst, R.P. and F. Adkin (eds.) 1991 Marine linefish: priority species and research objectives in southern Africa. Oceanogr. Res. Inst., Spec. Publ. No.1. 132 p. (Ref. 4332) FB-Size-5509 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1992-06-02 00:00:00 2022-01-22 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5509 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat 140 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 3919)) Compagno, L.J.V. 1986 Rhinobatidae. p. 128-131. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 3919) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-5509 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1992-06-02 00:00:00 2022-01-22 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5509 demersal; brackish; marine; depth range 75 - ? m (Ref. 114953) Last, P.R., W.T. White, M.R. de Carvalho, B. Séret, M.F.W. Stehmann and G.J.P. Naylor 2016 Rays of the world. CSIRO Publishing, Comstock Publishing Associates. i-ix + 1-790. (Ref. 114953)