FB-5524 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5524 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Perciformes/Serranoidei Epinephelidae Epinephelus Epinephelus chlorostigma (Valenciennes, 1828) Hamoor-e-manghoot-e-ghahvahei Garoupa pintada Bruinspikkel-klipkabeljou Berttamah Hamour Hamoor Kushar Subati لُؤز حُبَيْش Brunplettet havaborre Brownspotted grouper Brown-spotted reef-cod Brownspotted rockcod Grifin Gris fin Mérou pintade Pintade Vieille maconde Lokos Kalava കലവ Hekru हीकरू Tarataka Sumeyn Mero pintado N'Tsehele N'tséhélé maouet Pinto Platgris Sehele mwini Tsehele mwini Vieille de fond Vieille pintade Vye makonde Vyey makonde 密点石斑鱼 深海芝麻 石斑 網紋石斑魚 网纹石斑鱼 过鱼 鲙 Epinephilus chlorostigma (Valenciennes, 1828) Serranus chlorostigma Valenciennes, 1828 Serranus tauvina (non Forsskål, 1775) 1992-06-02 2021-07-01 Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter0 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. 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(Ref. 138103) FB-pic-5524-7316 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1996-01-13 1996-04-19 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5524 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Epchl_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Epchl_u0.gif FB-pic-5524-9406 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-03-01 1999-06-30 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5524 http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Epchl_u0.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Epchl_u0.jpg FB-pic-5524-9407 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-03-01 2000-11-07 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5524 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Epchl_u1.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Epchl_u1.jpg FB-pic-5524-52420 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg Jean-Lou Justine 2010-05-04 2010-05-04 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5524 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Weight: 718g Locality: Récif Toombo, Nouméa, New Caledonia. http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Epchl_u3.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Epchl_u3.jpg Locality: Récif Toombo, Nouméa, New Caledonia. FB-GeneralDescr-5524 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1992-06-02 00:00:00 2021-07-01 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5524 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Found over a wide range of habitats like seagrass beds and outer reef slopes (Ref. 5213), also on mud bottoms. Solitary (Ref. 90102). Feed on small fishes and crustaceans (mainly stomatopods and crabs). Sexual transition from female to male occurs between 35-45 cm, but not all females change sex. Mature individuals form spawning aggregations (Ref. 55367). E. chlorostigma is closely related and very similar to E. polylepis and E. gabriellae which seem to replace it in the northwestern Indian Ocean. Solitary (Ref. 90102). Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) FB-DiagnosticDescr-5524 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1993-12-23 00:00:00 2021-06-28 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Mauricio Parra General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5524 Live color whitish, with small dark brown spots on head, body, and fins except ventrally on head, thorax, and lower abdomen. Can assume a transient color phase of 3-4 rows of very large round dark spots on top of the small-spot pattern. 96-125 scales in longitudinal series. Pyloric caeca 26-52 (Ref. 04787); characterized further by having ctenoid body scales, except cycloid scales on nape, thorax, parts of ventral abdomen; body with auxiliary scales; greatest depth of body 2.8-3.3 in SL; truncate to slightly emarginate caudal fin; pelvic fins 1.7-2.4 in head length (Ref. 90102); interorbital slightly convex; preopercle angle rounded, 4-7 enlarged serrae at angle below a slight notch; upper edge of operculum straight; posterior nostril not noticeably larger than anterior nostril; maxilla reaches about to vertical at rear edge of eye; scaly maxilla, low step on posterior part of ventral edge; 2-4 rows of teeth in midlateral part of lower jaw, inner ones about twice the size of outer teeth (Ref. 089707). Randall, J.E. and P.C. Heemstra 1991 Revision of Indo-Pacific groupers (Perciformes: Serranidae: Epinephelinae), with descriptions of five new species. Indo-Pac. Fish. (20):332 p. (Ref. 4787) FB-Morphology-5524 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1993-12-23 00:00:00 2021-06-28 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Mauricio Parra General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5524 Dorsal spines (total): 11; Dorsal soft rays (total): 16 - 18; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 8 Randall, J.E. and P.C. Heemstra 1991 Revision of Indo-Pacific groupers (Perciformes: Serranidae: Epinephelinae), with descriptions of five new species. Indo-Pac. Fish. (20):332 p. (Ref. 4787) FB-Distribution-5524 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1992-06-02 00:00:00 2024-07-18 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ Mauricio Parra General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5524 Western Indian Ocean: restricted. Nakamura, J. and H. Motomura 2021 <i>Epinephelus insularis</i>, a new species of grouper form the western Pacific Ocean and validity of <i>E. japonicus</i> (Temminck and Schlegel 1843), a senior synonym of <i>Serranus reevesii</i> Richardson 1846 and <i>E. tonkahkeei</i> Wu et al. 2020 (Perciformes: Epinephelidae). Ichthyol. Res. (Ref. 123820) FB-Uses-5524 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1992-06-02 00:00:00 2021-07-01 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5524 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution fisheries: commercial Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) FB-LifeCycle-5524 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Daniel Pauly 1992-06-02 00:00:00 2021-07-01 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=5524&StockCode=5813 Sex change occurs at length of 46.4 cm TL and 3 years of age (Ref. 55367). Also Ref. 6976. Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) FB-TrophicStrategy-5524 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Drina Sta. Iglesia 2000-11-13 00:00:00 2021-06-29 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public chlorostigma http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Found over a wide range of habitats like seagrass beds and outer reef slopes (Ref. 5213); Feeds on small fishes and crustaceans (mainly stomatopods and crabs). Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) FB-Size-5524 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1992-06-02 00:00:00 2021-07-01 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5524 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size 80.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 89707)); max. published weight: 7,000 g (Ref. 4787); max. reported age: 29 years (Ref. 42001) Craig, M.T., YJ. Sadovy de Mitcheson and P.C. Heemstra 2011 Groupers of the world: a field and market guide. North America: CRC Press/Taylor and Francis Group, xix, 356 p., A47 pages appendix. (Ref. 89707) Randall, J.E. and P.C. Heemstra 1991 Revision of Indo-Pacific groupers (Perciformes: Serranidae: Epinephelinae), with descriptions of five new species. Indo-Pac. Fish. (20):332 p. (Ref. 4787) Grandcourt, E.M. 2002 Demographic characteristics of a selection of exploited reef fish from the Seychelles: preliminary study. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 53:123-130. (Ref. 42001) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-5524 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Crispina B. Binohlan 1992-06-02 00:00:00 2021-07-01 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5524 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat reef-associated; non-migratory; marine; depth range 4 - 300 m (Ref. 11888) Opic, P., F. Conand and P. Bourret 1994 Poissons commerciaux du sud-ouest de l’Océan Indien. ORSTOM Éditions, 91p. (Ref. 11888)