FB-5923 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5923 Animalia Chordata Elasmobranchii Lamniformes Pseudocarchariidae Pseudocarcharias Pseudocarcharias kamoharai (Matsubara, 1936) Krokodilhaai قِرش تِمساح Krokodillehaj Krokodilhai Crocodile shark Japanese ragged-tooth shark Kamohara´s sand-shark Water crocodile Krokodillhai Requin crocodile Requin-crocodile Hiu tongar Mizuwani 강남상어 Tiburón cocodrilo Krokodilhaai Krokodilji morski pes N'ganu 大洋拟锥齿鲨 大洋擬錐齒鯊 杨氏锥齿鲨 楊氏錐齒鯊 蒲原拟锥齿鲨 蒲原擬錐齒鯊 蒲原氏拟锥齿鲨 蒲原氏擬錐齒鯊 蒲原錐齒鯊 蒲原锥齿鲨 鳄鲛 黑棘鲛 Carcharias kamoharai Matsubara, 1936 Carcharias pelagicus Cadenat, 1963 Carcharias yangi Teng, 1959 Odontaspis kamoharai (Matsubara, 1936) Pseudocarcharias kamorharai (Matsubara, 1936) Pseudocarcharias pelagicus (Cadenat, 1963) Pseudocarcharias yangi (Teng, 1959) 1992-06-15 2024-07-15 Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter0 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. 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(Ref. 132299) FB-pic-5923-3857 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1995-05-18 1998-12-14 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5923 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Pskam_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Pskam_u0.gif FB-pic-5923-22808 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1999-06-11 2010-07-21 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5923 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Pskam_u0.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Pskam_u0.jpg FB-GeneralDescr-5923 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Kent E. Carpenter 1992-06-15 00:00:00 2024-07-15 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5923 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses An oceanic species usually found offshore and far from land but sometimes occurring inshore (Ref. 9993, 43278, 58302). Epi- and mesopelagic, with occasional near-bottom occurrences (Ref. 43278, 58302). Although considered not dangerous to people, its powerful jaws, jaw muscles and teeth invite respect. Flesh not appreciated and therefore the catch is usually discarded (Ref. 247); utilized for its large, squalene-rich liver (Ref. 9993). Feeds on small pelagic bony fishes, squids and shrimps (Ref. 5578). Ovoviviparous, embryos feeding on yolk sac and other ova produced by the mother (Ref. 50449). With 4 young in a litter, born at 40 to 43 cm TL (Ref. 12288). Maximum length for female given in Romanove et.al 1994 (Ref. 44781). Common bycatch of tuna longline fisheries, and occasionally tuna gillnet fisheries (Ref.58048). Compagno, L.J.V. 1984 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 247) FB-DiagnosticDescr-5923 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1996-11-21 00:00:00 2017-11-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5923 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size A medium-sized spindle-shaped shark with very large eyes lacking a nictitating membrane, long gill slits extending onto dorsal surface of head, lanceolate teeth, weak keel and precaudal pits on caudal peduncle (Ref. 6871, 43278). Small and low dorsal fins, with second dorsal fin less than half the size of the first but larger than the anal fin (Ref. 6871). Pectoral fin broad and rounded (Ref. 6871). Light or dark grey above, paler below, fins white-edged, sometimes with small white spots on body and a white blotch between mouth and gill slits (Ref. 13569). Compagno, L.J.V., D.A. Ebert and M.J. Smale 1989 Guide to the sharks and rays of southern Africa. New Holland (Publ.) Ltd., London. 158 p. (Ref. 5578) FB-Morphology-5923 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1996-11-21 00:00:00 2017-11-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5923 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 0; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 0 Compagno, L.J.V., D.A. Ebert and M.J. Smale 1989 Guide to the sharks and rays of southern Africa. New Holland (Publ.) Ltd., London. 158 p. (Ref. 5578) FB-Distribution-5923 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Kent E. Carpenter 1992-06-15 00:00:00 2024-07-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5923 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Tropical and subtropical waters of all oceans. Last, P.R. and J.D. Stevens 1994 Sharks and rays of Australia. CSIRO, Australia. 513 p. (Ref. 6871) FB-Uses-5923 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Kent E. Carpenter 1992-06-15 00:00:00 2024-07-15 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5923 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription fisheries: minor commercial; price category: unknown; price reliability: Compagno, L.J.V. and V.H. Niem 1998 Pseudocarchariidae. Crocodile sharks. p. 1268. In K.E. Carpenter and V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO identification guide for fishery purposes. The Living Marine Resources of the Western Central Pacific Vol. 2. Rome: FAO. (Ref. 13569) FB-Migration-5923 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Kent E. Carpenter 1992-06-15 00:00:00 2024-07-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5923 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) FB-LifeCycle-5923 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Armi G. Torres 1992-06-15 00:00:00 2024-07-15 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=5923&StockCode=6232 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Exhibit ovoviparity (aplacental viviparity), with embryos feeding on other ova produced by the mother (oophagy) after the yolk sac is absorbed (Ref. 50449). With 4 young in a litter, born at 40-43 cm (Ref. 11228). Gilmore, R.G. 1993 Reproductive biology of lamnoid sharks. Environ. Biol. Fishes 38(1-3):95-114. (Ref. 8614) FB-TrophicStrategy-5923 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Drina Sta. Iglesia 2000-11-15 00:00:00 2008-07-10 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public kamoharai http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses An oceanic species usually found offshore and far from land but sometimes occurring inshore. Feeds on small pelagic bony fishes, squids and shrimps. Compagno, L.J.V. 1984 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Part 1 - Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(4/1):1-249. Rome, FAO. (Ref. 247) FB-Size-5923 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Kent E. Carpenter 1992-06-15 00:00:00 2024-07-15 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5923 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size 110 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 43278)); 122 cm TL (female); max. published weight: 5,910 g (Ref. 130455) Compagno, L.J.V. 2001 Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Vol. 2. Bullhead, mackerel and carpet sharks (Heterodontiformes, Lamniformes and Orectolobiformes). FAO Spec. Cat. Fish. Purp. 1(2):269 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 43278) Kurniawan, F., G.B. Satrya and F. Kamalov 2024 Lightweight fish classification model for sustainable marine management: Indonesian case. arXiv preprint arXiv:2401.02278. (Ref. 130455) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-5923 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Kent E. Carpenter 1992-06-15 00:00:00 2024-07-15 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=5923 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat pelagic-oceanic; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); marine; depth range 0 - 590 m (Ref. 6871), usually 0 - 200 m (Ref. 54740) Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) Last, P.R. and J.D. Stevens 1994 Sharks and rays of Australia. CSIRO, Australia. 513 p. (Ref. 6871) FAO-FIGIS 2005 A world overview of species of interest to fisheries. Chapter: Pseudocarcharias kamoharai. Retrieved on 01 July 2005, from www.fao.org/figis/servlet/species?fid=14647. 4p. FIGIS Species Fact Sheets. Species Identification and Data Programme-SIDP, FAO-FIGIS (Ref. 54740)