FB-65168 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=65168 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Gobiiformes Gobiidae Kelloggella Kelloggella disalvoi Randall, 2009 Alfred manta Inshore manta ray Manta ray Prince Alfred's ray Reef manta ray Alfredi sarvikrai Riifu Oniitomakiei リーフオニイトマキエイ Alfredova manta Ceratoptera alfredi Krefft, 1868 Deratoptera alfredi Krefft, 1868 Manta alfredi (Krefft, 1868) Manta fowleri Whitley, 1936 Manta pakoka Whitley, 1936 Manta pakota Whitley, 1936 2009-11-20 2012-07-11 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Marshall, A.D., L.J.V. Compagno and M.B. Bennett0 Redescription of the genus <i>Manta</i> with resurrection of <i>Manta alfredi</i> (Krefft, 1868) (Chondrichthyes; Myliobatoidei; Mobulidae). Zootaxa 2301(1):1-28. (Ref. 82755) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882) Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.)0 Catalog of fishes. Updated internet version of 06 May 2010. Catalog databases of CAS cited in FishBase (website). (Ref. 84081) Golani, D. and S. V. Bogorodsky0 The fishes of the Red Sea - reappraisal and updated checklist. Zootaxa 2463:1-135. (Ref. 84159) Dolar, M.L.L.0 Incidental takes of small cetaceans in fisheries in Palawan, central Visayas and northern Mindanao in the Philippines. Reports of the International Whaling Commission, Special Issue 15:355-363. (Ref. 85207) Seeto, J. and W.J. Baldwin0 A checklist of the fishes of Fiji and a bibliography of Fijian fish. Division of Marine Studies Technical Report 1/2010. The University of the South Pacific. Suva, Fiji. 102 p. (Ref. 85272) Ito, T. and T. Kashiwagi0 Morphological and genetic identification of two species of manta ray occuring in Japanese waters: <i>Manta birostris</i> and <i>M. alfredi</i>. Report of the Japanese Society for Elasmobranch Studies, 46:8-10. (Ref. 86407) Kashiwagi, T. and T. Ito0 Occurences of reef manta ray, <i>Manta alfredi</i> and giant manta ray, <i>M. birostris</i>, in Japan, examined by photographic records. Report of Japanese Society for Elasmobranch Studies, 46, 20-27. (Ref. 86408) Fricke, R., M. Kulbicki and L. Wantiez0 Checklist of the fishes of New Caledonia, and their distribution in the Southwest Pacific Ocean (Pisces). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde A, Neue Serie 4:341-463. (Ref. 86942) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062) Couturier, L.I.E., A.D. Marshall, F.R.A. Jaine, T. Kashiwagi, S.J. Pierce, K.A. Townsend, S.J. Weeks, M.B. Bennett and A.J. Richardson0 Biology, ecology and conservation of the Mobulidae. J. Fish Biol. 80(5):1075-1119. (Ref. 91918) Wirtz, P., A. Brito, J.M. Falcón, R. Freitas, R. Fricke, V. Monteiro, F. Reiner and O. Tariche0 The coastal fishes of the Cape Verde Islands - new records and an annotated check-list. Spixiana 36(1):113-142. (Ref. 94080) CITES0 Appendices I, II and III valid from 12 June 2013. UNEP. (Ref. 94142) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632) Marshall, A.D. and M.B. Bennett0 Reproductive ecology of the reef manta ray <i>Manta alfredi</i> in southern Mozambique. J. Fish Biol. 77(1):169-190. (Ref. 97311) Clark, T.0 Abundance, home range, and movement patterns of manta rays (<i>Manta alfredi, M. birostris</i>) in Hawai'i. University of Hawai'I, Mãnoa, HI. PhD thesis. (Ref. 97313) Whitley, G.P.0 The Australian devil ray, <i>Daemomanta alfredi</i> (Krefft), with remarks on the Superfamily Mobuloidae (Order Batoidei). Aust. Zool. 8:164-188. (Ref. 97314) Couturier, L.I.E., F.R.A. Jaine, K.A. Townsend, S.J. Weeks, A.J. Richardson and M.B. Bennett0 Distribution, site affinity and regional movements of the manta ray, <i>Manta alfredi</i> (Krefft, 1868), along the east coast of Australia. Mar. Freshwat. Res. 62:628-637. (Ref. 97317) Marshall, A.D., C.L. Dudgeon and M.B. Bennett0 Size and structure of a photographically identified population of manta rays <i>Manta alfredi</i> in southern Mozambique. Mar. Biol. 158:1111-1124. (Ref. 97318) Deakos, M.H., J.D. Baker and L. Bejder0 Characteristics of a manta ray <i>Manta alfredi</i> population off Maui, Hawaii, and implications for management. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 429:245-260. (Ref. 97319) Dewar, H., P. Mous, M. Domeier, A. Muljadi, J. Pet and J. Whitty0 Movements and site fidelity of the giant manta ray, <i>Manta birostris</i>, in the Komodo Marine Park, Indonesia. Mar. Biol. 155:121-133. 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Séret, M.F.W. Stehmann and G.J.P. Naylor0 Rays of the world. CSIRO Publishing, Comstock Publishing Associates. i-ix + 1-790. (Ref. 114953) CITES, UNEP-WCMC0 The Checklist of CITES Species Website. Appendices I, II and III valid from 04 April 2017. CITES Secretariat, Geneva, Switzerland. Compiled by UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge, UK. https://www.cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php [Accessed 01/08/2017]. (Ref. 115941) White, W.T., S. Corrigan, L. Yang, A.C. Henderson, A.L. Bazinet, D.L. Swofford and G.J.P. Naylor0 Phylogeny of the manta and devilrays (Chondrichthyes: Mobulidae), with an updated taxonomic arrangement for the family. Zool. J. of the Linn. Soc., 20:1-26; figs. (Ref. 115945) CMFRI0 Annual report 2016-17. Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi, 345 p. (Ref. 116211) CITES, UNEP-WCMC0 The Checklist of CITES Species Website. Appendices I, II and III valid from 04 October 2017. CITES Secretariat, Geneva, Switzerland. Compiled by UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge, UK. https://www.cites.org/eng/app/appendices.php [Accessed 08/17/2017]. (Ref. 118484) Stevens, G., D. Fernando, M. Dando and G. Notarbartolo di Sciara0 Guide to the Manta and Devil Rays of the World. Princeton (NJ, USA): Princeton University Press, 144 p. (Ref. 119202) Songco, A.0 Personal communication. Tubbataha species list. Excel file "MyReport_Species_21May2019". (Ref. 121724) University of Western Australia0 Benthic BRUVS data 2019. Video BRUVS from Jessica Meeuwig. (Ref. 122752) Setyawan, E., B.C. Stevenson, M. Izuan, R. Constantine and M.V. Erdmann0 How big is that manta ray? A novel and non-invasive method for measuring reef manta rays using small drones. Drones 6(3):63. (Ref. 126771) CITES0 Appendices I, II and III valid from 11 January 2023 and 25 November 2023. UNEP. (Ref. 128078) Marčeta, B. and K. Pliberšek (eds)0 BiosWeb. Biological database of the Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia. Ljubljana, Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia, 2014. (www.biosweb.org. updated 13/04/2023). (Ref. 128520) Beolens, B., M. Grayson and M. Watkins0 Eponym dictionary of Fishes. Dunbeath, Caithness (Scotland, UK): Whittles Publishing Limited, 1300 p. (Ref. 128868) Harris, J.L.0 Reef manta rays, <i>Mobula afredi</i>, of the Chagos Archipelago: Habitat use and the effectiveness of the region’s marine protected area. University of Plymouth Faculty of Science and Engineering: MRes Applied Marine Science, 111 p. (Ref. 129688) Lassauce, H., O. Chateau and L. Wantiez0 Spatial ecology of the population of reef manta rays, <i>Mobula alfredi</i> (Krefft, 1868), in New Caledonia using satellite telemetry 1-horizontal behaviour. Fishes 8(328):1-16. (Ref. 129724) Setyawan, E., M.V. Erdmann, R. Mambrasar, A.W. Hasan, A.B. Sianipar, R. Constantine, B.C. Stevenson and F.R.A. Jaine0 Residency and use of an important nursery habitat, Raja Ampat’s Wayag Lagoon, by Juvenile Reef Manta Rays (<i>Mobula alfredi</i>). Front. Mar. Sci. 9:815094. (Ref. 129730) Balisco, R.A.T., V.S. Ticzon, B.R. Samaniego, W.-C. Huang, B.J. Gonzales and T.-Y. Liao0 Marine fishes of Palawan, Philippines: species diversity, new records, and conservation status. Regional Studies in Marine Science 60(2023) 102825:1-10. (Ref. 130287) Phardana, T., B. Subhan, Y. Naulita, L.M.I. Sani and H. Madduppa0 Low genetic diversity and a mixing population of the reef manta ray (<i>Mobula alfredi</i>, Krefft 1868) between three populations across Indonesia seas revealed by mitochondrial DNA. IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environ. Sci. 1033(1):1-11. (Ref. 131003) Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals-CMS0 Convention on the conservation of migratory species of wild animals (CMS). xxx (Ref. 131118) CITES0 Appendices I, II and III. UNEP. (Ref. 131153) FB-pic-65179-2022 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1994-12-27 2010-03-25 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=65179 http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Mabir_u0.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Mabir_u0.jpg FB-GeneralDescr-65179 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 2009-12-03 00:00:00 2024-05-27 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=65179 Adults are commonly sighted inshore, within a few kilometers of land; found around coral and rocky reefs as well as along productive coastlines with consistent upwelling, tropical island groups, atolls and bays (Ref. 82755). Maximum movement recorded is >500,000 m (Ref. 97317). Known aggregations include sites in Hawai'i, Mozambique, Maldives, Ryukyu Island, Yap Island, Indonesia, eastern and western Australia (Ref. 82755). Gestation period is 12-13 months. Major food consists of planktonic organisms and probably small bony fishes (Ref. 114953). Maximum correted to 450 cm WD by Giuseppe Notarbartolo di Sciara (pers. Comm. 01/2025). Last, P.R., W.T. White, M.R. de Carvalho, B. Séret, M.F.W. Stehmann and G.J.P. Naylor 2016 Rays of the world. CSIRO Publishing, Comstock Publishing Associates. i-ix + 1-790. (Ref. 114953) FB-DiagnosticDescr-65179 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 2009-12-03 00:00:00 2022-07-20 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=65179 This species is characterized by the following: disc approximately 2.2-2.4 times as broad as it is long, the maximum disc width size approximately 550 cm; slender whip-like tail approximately 123% of disc length if intact; no distinct caudal spine or cartilaginous mass at base of tail; some specimens have small hump at the base of the tail on the dorsal surface, while others have a slight depression and groove on the dorsum of the tail immediately posterior to the posterior margin of the dorsal fin; small, knob-like dermal denticles evenly distributed on both the dorsal and ventral surfaces, with ventral surface having slightly larger denticles; dental ligament with small cusped teeth on the lower jaw measuring roughly 22% of total disc length, approximately 6-8 rows, 142-182 files across entire width of the tooth band; total tooth counts of 900-1500 for entire tooth band; top jaw lacks rows of enlarged denticles (Ref. 82755). Marshall, A.D., L.J.V. Compagno and M.B. Bennett 2009 Redescription of the genus <i>Manta</i> with resurrection of <i>Manta alfredi</i> (Krefft, 1868) (Chondrichthyes; Myliobatoidei; Mobulidae). Zootaxa 2301(1):1-28. (Ref. 82755) FB-Distribution-65179 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 2009-12-03 00:00:00 2025-02-03 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=65179 Indo-Pacific: Red Sea, South Africa, Thailand to Western Australia.; north to Japan (Yaeyama Is.), to Solitary Is., Australia as far east as French Polynesia and the Hawaiian Is. Reported in the Atlantic (Canary and Cape Verde islands) but this species may be restricted more or less to the Indian and Western Pacific only (McEachran, pers.comm. 03/10). Marshall, A.D., L.J.V. Compagno and M.B. Bennett 2009 Redescription of the genus <i>Manta</i> with resurrection of <i>Manta alfredi</i> (Krefft, 1868) (Chondrichthyes; Myliobatoidei; Mobulidae). Zootaxa 2301(1):1-28. (Ref. 82755) FB-LifeCycle-65179 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 2009-12-03 00:00:00 2024-05-27 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=65179&StockCode=55254 Young may tend to follow large objects such as their mother (Ref. 205). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-TrophicStrategy-65179 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 2017-09-25 00:00:00 2024-05-27 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ alfredi A benthopelagic species found in large aggregations inshore from tidal zone across inner continental shelf to ca. 65 m (Ref. 114953). CMFRI 2016 Annual report 2016-17. Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi, 345 p. (Ref. 116211) FB-Size-65179 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 2009-12-03 00:00:00 2024-05-27 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=65179 450 cm WD (male/unsexed; (Ref. )); max. reported age: 31 years (Ref. 97313) Clark, T. 2010 Abundance, home range, and movement patterns of manta rays (<i>Manta alfredi, M. birostris</i>) in Hawai'i. University of Hawai'I, Mãnoa, HI. PhD thesis. (Ref. 97313) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-65179 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 2009-12-03 00:00:00 2024-05-27 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=65179 benthopelagic; freshwater; marine; depth range 0 - 120 m (Ref. 86942) Fricke, R., M. Kulbicki and L. Wantiez 2011 Checklist of the fishes of New Caledonia, and their distribution in the Southwest Pacific Ocean (Pisces). Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde A, Neue Serie 4:341-463. (Ref. 86942)