FB-6519 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6519 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Siluriformes Bagridae Bagrus Bagrus docmak (Fabricius, 1775) Semutundu Yalefo Fergus Ab chanap Aboushanap Abu shanad Bayad Kabaroce Kabarus Nilwels Schweinewels Catfish Cat-fish Semutundu Silver catfish Sudan catfish Yalefo Niilimonni Niilinjuovamonni Dinko Doya Doza Ragon ruwa Shambami Damalo Ganda Silanne Kibogobogo Mbofu Mpono Semutundu Sew Sewu Wallouce Abagun Iko Aboro Adwar Alau Asa-oboro Bandjaho Bawe Bobo Daï De Deïng Dushko Ebiti Kuilsiuugu Lam Lazeou Lazio Lisi Loruk Malou Male belly up Mboli Melagenna Mésigélé Ndarka Njoka Nzarou Obanga Omukocho Omukora Oreko Safdu baleeru Samufin Seu Sewu Sihin sou Ssemutundu Wawe Waza Woulo segayo Yerengirimo 多克玛鲿 多克瑪鱨 Bagrus docmac (Fabricius, 1775) Bagrus docmac docmac (Fabricius, 1775) Bagrus docmac niger Daget, 1954 Bagrus docmak niger Daget, 1954 Bagrus docmar (Fabricius, 1775) Bagrus docmoc (Fabricius, 1775) Bagrus domac (Fabricius, 1775) Bagrus koenigi Pietschmann, 1932 Porcus docmac (Fabricius, 1775) Porcus docmac docmac (Fabricius, 1775) Porcus docmac niger (Daget, 1954) Silurus docmac Fabricius, 1775 Silurus docmak Fabricius, 1775 1992-11-11 2024-01-25 Breder, C.M. and D.E. 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Frank0 Biologie des principales espèces utilisées en pisciculture africaine. CIFA Tech. Pap. 4(suppl.1):292-331. (Ref. 51970) Jenness, J.0 Fishermen of the Kainji Basin. Kainji Lake Res. Proj. 3:1-98. (Ref. 51974) Lundberg, J.G. and J.N. Baskin0 The caudal skeleton of the catfishes, order Siluriformes. Am. Mus. Novit. 2398:1-49. (Ref. 51975) Reed, W.0 Fishing technology relating to river and swamp fisheries of Northern Nigeria. Report to the government. FAO Fish. UNDP(TA) Rep. TA2711:90 p. (Ref. 51976) Corbet, P.S.0 The food of non-cichlid fishes in Lake Victoria. E.A.F.R.O. Annual Report (1958):21-37. (Ref. 52014) Fish, G.R.0 Some aspects of the respiration of six species of fish from Uganda. J. Exp. Biol. 33(1):186-195. (Ref. 52016) Graham, M.0 The Victoria Nyanza and its fisheries. A report on the fishing survey of Lake Victoria 1927-1928, and appendices. The Crown Agents for the Colonies, London. 255 p. (Ref. 52061) Di Caporiacco, L.0 Pesci raccolti in Somalia nel 1924, dalla spedizione Stefanini e Puccioni. Mon. Zool. Ital. 38(4):84-89. (Ref. 52069) Pellegrin, J.0 Poissons de l'Oubanghi-Chari recueillis par M. Baudon. Description d'un genre, de cinq espèces et d'une variété. Bull. Soc. Zool. Fr. 47:64-76. (Ref. 52070) Lönnberg, E.0 Reptiles, batrachians and fishes collected by the Swedish zoological expedition to British East Africa 1911. K. Svenska Vetensk. Akad. Handl. 47(6):37-41. (Ref. 52074) Whitehead, P.J.P.0 The anadromous fishes of Lake Victoria. Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr. 59(3-4):329-363. (Ref. 52083) Pietschmann, V.0 Ein neuer Wels aus dem Nil. Zool. Anz. 100(3-4):92-94. (Ref. 52129) Seegers, L., L. De Vos and D.O. Okeyo0 Annotated checklist of the freshwater fishes of Kenya (excluding the lacustrine haplochromines from Lake Victoria). J. E. Afr. Nat. Hist. 92:11-47. (Ref. 52331) Mdaihli, M., T. du Feu and J.S.O. Ayeni0 Fisheries in the southern border zone of Takamanda Forest Reserve, Cameroon. p. 141-154. In J.A. Comiskey and T.C.H. Sunderland (eds). Takamanda: the Biodiversity of an African forest. SI/MAB Ser. 8. 182 p. (Ref. 52397) Thurston, J.P.0 The incidence of Monogenea and parasitic Crustacea on the gills of fish in Uganda. Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr. 82(1-2):111-130. (Ref. 52490) Khalil, L.F. and J.P. Thurston0 Studies on the helminth parasites of freshwater fishes of Uganda including the descriptions of two new species of digeneans. Rev. Zool. Bot. afr. 87(2):209-248. (Ref. 52494) Mbahinzireki, G.B.0 Observations on some common parasites of <i>Bagrus docmac</i> Forskahl (Pisces: Siluroidea) of Lake Victoria. Hydrobiologia 75:273-280. (Ref. 52499) Baker, J.R.0 Trypanosomes and dactylosomes from the blood of fresh-water fish in East-Africa. Parasitology 50:515-526. (Ref. 52501) Ukoli, F.M.A.0 Preliminary report of the helminthic infection of fish in the river Niger at Shagunu. p. 269-283. In Man-Made lakes. The Accra Symposium. L.E. Obeng (ed.). Publ. Ghana University Press, Accra, 1969. (Ref. 52502) Paperna, I.0 Parasites, infections et maladies du poisson en Afrique. CPCA Doc. Tech. 7:202 p. (Ref. 52504) Mekkawy, I.A.A.0 Intra- and inter-specific differences in the growth of two sympatric <i>Bagrus</i> species in relation with river/lake characteristics. J. Egypt. Ger. Soc. Zool. B. 22:69-92. (Ref. 52571) Oti, E.E.0 Studies on the ichthyofauna of Ehoma Floodplain, Afikpo Eastern Nigeria. p. 123-131. In M.L.D. Palomares, B. Samb, T. Diouf, J.M. Vakily and D. Pauly (eds.) Fish biodiversity: local studies as basis for global inferences. ACP-EU Fish. Res. Rep. 14:281 p. (Ref. 52861) Coulibaly, N.D.0 Common names of commercial fish species of the upper Volta Basin in Burkina Faso. p.215-222. In M.L.D. Palomares, B. Samb, T. Diouf, J.M. Vakily and D. Pauly (eds.). Fish biodiversity: local studies as basis for global inferences. ACP-EU Fish. Res. Rep. 14, 281p. (Ref. 52865) Dankwa, H.R.0 Traditional knowledge of freshwater fishes in some fishing communities in Ghana. p. 223-229. In M.L.D. Palomares, B. Samb, T. Diouf, J.M. Vakily and D. Pauly (eds.) Fish biodiversity: local studies as basis for global inferences. ACP-EU Fish. Res. Rep. 14:281 p. (Ref. 52866) Magomna, O.0 Noms communs de poissons tchadien en langue Kim. p. 234-242. In M.L.D. Palomares, B. Samb, T. Diouf, J.M. Vakily and D. Pauly (eds.) Fish biodiversity: local studies as basis for global inferences. ACP-EU Fish. Res. Rep. 14, 281p. (Ref. 52867) Okeyo, D.O.0 Taxonomy, common names and distribution of fish in the eastern arm of the Rift Valley drainage, Kenya. p. 250-266. In M.L.D. Palomares, B. Samb, T. Diouf, J.M. Vakily and D. Pauly (eds.) Fish biodiversity: local studies as basis for global inferences. ACP-EU Fish. Res. Rep. 14:281 p. (Ref. 52871) Teugels, G.G., G. McG. Reid and R.P. King0 Fishes of the Cross River basin (Cameroon-Nigeria) taxonomy, zoogeography, ecology and conservation. Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Cent., Sci. Zool., 266:132p. (Ref. 53784) De Vos, L., L. Seegers, L. Taverne and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde0 L'ichtyofaune du bassin de la Malagarasi (système du lac Tanganyika): une synthèse de la connaissance actuelle. Ann. Mus. R. Afr. Centr., Sci. Zool., 285:117-135. (Ref. 54847) Ochumba, P.B.O. and J.O. Manyala0 Distribution of fishes along the Sondu-Miriu River of Lake Victoria, Kenya with special reference to upstream migration, biology and yield. Aquacult. Fish. Manage. 23:701-719. (Ref. 55486) Adebisi, A.A.0 Analyses of the stomach contents of the piscivorous fishes of the upper Ogun River in Nigeria. Hydrobiologia 79(2):167-177. (Ref. 55876) Schofield, P.J. and L.J. Chapman0 Interactions between Nile perch, <i>Lates niloticus</i>, and other fishes in Lake Nabugabo, Uganda. Environ. Biol. Fishes 55:343-358. (Ref. 56070) Denyoh, F.M.K.0 Pond fish culture development in Ghana. FAO Fish. Rep. 44(2):7p. (Ref. 56556) Machacek, H. (ed.)0 World Records Freshwater Fishing. www.fishing-worldrecords.com, 12 February 2006. (Ref. 56631) Risch, L.M.0 Bagridae. p. 54-59 In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douce et saumâtres de l'Afrique de l'Ouest, Tome 2. Coll. Faune et Flore tropicales 40. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique, Museum National d'Histoire Naturalle, Paris, France and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France. 815 p. (Ref. 57125) Lalèyè, P.A.0 Length-weight and length-length relationships of fishes from the Ouémé River in Bénin (West Africa). J. Appl. Ichthyol. 22:330-333. (Ref. 57961) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) Getahun, A.0 An overview of the diversity and conservation status of the Ethiopian freshwater fauna. J. Afrotrop. Zool. Special Issue:87-96. (Ref. 58460) Ogutu-Ohwayo, R.0 The effect of predation by nile perch, <i>Lates niloticus</i> (Linné) introduced into Lake Kyoga (Uganda) in relation to the fisheries of Lake Kyoga and Lake Victoria. FAO Fish. Rep. 335:18-41. (Ref. 58618) Ssentongo, G.W and R.L. Welcomme0 Past history and current trends in the fisheries of Lake Victoria. FAO Fish. Rep. 335:123-138. (Ref. 58619) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis, 29 April 2008. (Ref. 75549) Vreven, E.J. and L. Risch0 Bagridae. p. 579-585. In M.L.J. Stiassny, G.G. Teugels and C.D. Hopkins (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of Lower Guinea, West-Central Africa. Volume I. Collection Faune et Flore tropicales 42. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France, and Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgium. 800 pp. (Ref. 81641) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882) Offem, B.O., Y.A. Samsons and I.T. Omoniyi0 Reproductive aspects of common freshwater fishes in the Cross River, Nigeria. J. Anim. Pl. Sci. 18(4):130-138. (Ref. 85170) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062) Kullander, S.O. and T.R. Roberts0 Out of Lake Tanganyika: endemic lake fishes inhabit rapids of the Lukuga River. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 22(4):355-376. (Ref. 93587) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632) Banyankimbona, G., E. Vreven, G. Ntakimazi and J. Snoeks0 The riverine fishes of Burundi (East Central Africa): an annotated checklist. Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwat. 23(3):273-288. (Ref. 98755) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110) Kidane, S.G.0 Common names of some fish species found in the Bahir Dar Region (Ethiopia). Unpublished compilation of S.G. Kidane. (Ref. 107103) Natugonza, V.0 Common names of some freshwater fish species of Uganda. Unpublished compilation of V. Natugonza. (Ref. 107105) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272) Moritz, T., Z.N. El Dayem, M.A. Abdallah and D. Neumann0 New and rare records of fishes from the White Nile in the Republic of the Sudan. Cybium 43(2):137-151. (Ref. 120561) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-pic-6519-10312 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1993-07-01 1997-03-04 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6519 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Badoc_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Badoc_u0.gif FB-pic-6519-13698 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1997-03-04 1997-03-04 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6519 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Badoc_u1.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Badoc_u1.gif FB-GeneralDescr-6519 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1992-11-11 00:00:00 2024-01-25 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6519 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Inhabit lakes, swamps and rivers (Ref. 31256). Widespread in both shallow and deep water (Ref. 34291). Probably associated with rocky bottoms/coarse substrates (Ref. 27490). Mostly active during the night and the twilight hours (Ref. 2060). Juveniles may frequent exposed rocky shores (Ref. 12526). Feed on insects, crustaceans, molluscs and fish; some debris and vegetable matter may also be ingested (Ref. 28714). Moderately important as a food species in Lake Victoria, but becoming rare with the appearance of Nile perch (Ref. 4967). Catches decreased strongly in Lake Victoria after the Lates upsurge (Ref. 34291). Predation by Lates and competition with Lates (for haplochromines) may have played a role in the decline (Ref. 34291). A notably recovery in waters between 3m and 6m depth in Lake Victoria has been reported (Ref. 51900). Second most important food species in Lake Edward, Congo (Ref. 13302). Risch, L.M. 1992 Bagridae. p. 395-431. In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douces et saumâtres d'Afrique de l'Ouest. Tome 2. Coll. Faune Tropicale N° XXVIII. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique and O.R.S.T.O.M., Paris, France. (Ref. 7324) FB-DiagnosticDescr-6519 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1993-02-01 00:00:00 2023-03-13 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6519 Diagnosis: head depressed (Ref. 43434), broad, about 1.3-1.6 times as long as wide (Ref. 28714, 30488, 57125), squarish when viewed from above (Ref. 28714), without rough texture (Ref. 3034). Head width measured at base of preopercle 58.9-71.8% head length; 12-16 gill rakers on first gill arch (Ref. 81641). Body slightly elongated, 5-6 times longer than deep (Ref. 7324, 57125, 81641). Four pairs of barbels (Ref. 34290). Premaxillary tooth plate 5-7 times longer than wide, a little shorter than and about as broad as the band of vomerine teeth (Ref. 2988). Premaxillary toothplate width less than 2.5 times in head length (Ref. 57125). Occipital process 3-5 times longer than wide (Ref. 57125, 81641). Predorsal length 2.4-2.7 times in standard length; 9-10 branched dorsal fin rays, not or only slightly filamentous (Ref. 57125, 81641). Long adipose dorsal fin present (Ref. 34290). Standard length/caudal peduncle length 2.4-2.7 (Ref. 57125). Upper lobe of caudal fin often with a short filament (Ref. 7324, 57125, 81641).Description: head without rough texture (Ref. 3034). Snout broadly rounded, projecting beyond the lower jaw (Ref. 2988). Eye with a free border (Ref. 51936, Ref. 36901). Four pairs of circum-oral barbels, showing great variation in length, being relatively longer in smaller individuals (Ref. 34290). Maxillary barbel 1.2-3.25 times head length (Ref. 3032, Ref. 43434), reaching ventral or not quite so far in adult and reaching anal fin or caudal peduncle in juveniles (Ref. 2899). Nasal barbel 0.2-0.4 times head length (Ref. 367). External mandibular barbel 0.5-1 times head length (Ref. 3032). Internal mandibular barbel 0.36-0.64 times head length; occipital processus not reaching the interneural (Ref. 51936). Dorsal fin short with a well-developed spine (Ref. 34290). First branched fin rays of dorsal fin hardly or not filamentous (Ref. 30488, 81641), longest ray 1/3-1/4 of SL (Ref. 57125, 81641). Last ray of dorsal fin in front of inner ray of ventral fin (Ref. 4912). Dorsal spine smooth (Ref. 36900). Adipose dorsal fin 4-5x as long as deep (Ref. 43434), 1.66-2x as long as rayed dorsal (Ref. 2899). Anal fin short (Ref. 34290), 0.5-0.7x head length (Ref. 367), inserted under the last branched dorsal fin ray or just behind this (Ref. 2756). Some caudal fin rays may have filamentous extension (Ref. 34290). Upper caudal lobe comprised 3-4 times in SL (Ref. 81641). Caudal skeleton morphology described in Ref. 51975. Pectoral spine serrated along the inner side (Ref. 3032). No pectoral filaments (Ref. 367, 3036).Coloration: dark grey-black above, creamy-white below (Ref. 34290). Body sometimes shot with gold and green (Ref. 4904). Some blackish may be present on the dorsal (Ref. 11235), anal and ventral fins (Ref. 2899). Blackish dots sometimes present on the posterior part of the back and on the adipose fin (Ref. 11235). Freshly caught fish have a greenish iridescence which soon fades to a dark greyish blue (Ref. 3023). Some juveniles may be completely blackish (Ref. 7324, 57125) with the exception of the ventral surface of the body(Ref. 81641). Some other specimens with dark brown spots on flanks and on adipose and caudal fin (Ref. 81641). Brichard, P. 1978 Fishes of Lake Tanganyika. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey. (Ref. 681) FB-Morphology-6519 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1993-02-01 00:00:00 2023-03-13 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6519 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Dorsal spines (total): 1; Dorsal soft rays (total): 8 - 11; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 11 - 14; Vertebrae: 46 - 49 Brichard, P. 1978 Fishes of Lake Tanganyika. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey. (Ref. 681) FB-Distribution-6519 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1992-11-11 00:00:00 2023-03-13 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6519 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Africa: widely distributed throughout Tchad, Niger, Volta, Senegal (Ref. 57125), Mono, Oueme, Cross and Sanaga Rivers, as well as the Rift Valley Lakes Edward, George, Albert, Victoria and Tanganyika (Ref. 81641), but not Lake Kivu (Ref. 46152). Widely distributed in Nile system (Ref. 28714, 31439, 58460). In the Lukuga River (Lake Tanganyika outflow), known up to the Kisimba-Kilia rapids (Ref. 93587). Risch, L.M. 1986 Bagridae. p. 2-35. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 2. (Ref. 3236) FB-Uses-6519 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1992-11-11 00:00:00 2024-01-25 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6519 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat fisheries: commercial; gamefish: yes Eccles, D.H. 1992 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Tanzania. Prepared and published with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (project URT/87/016). FAO, Rome. 145 p. (Ref. 4967) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott 1991 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) FB-LifeCycle-6519 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1992-11-11 00:00:00 2024-01-25 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=6519&StockCode=6840 Distinct pairing (Ref. 205). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-TrophicStrategy-6519 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1992-11-11 00:00:00 2004-08-31 18:05:17 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public docmak http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Feeds actively probably around dusk and dawn (Ref. 11247). Feeds on insects, crustaceans, molluscs and fish (Ref. 28714). Juveniles of up to 5 cm feed exclusively on aquatic invertebrates (Ref. 11247). Fishes more than 18 cm TL long are predominantly piscivorous , but they include larger invertebrates in their diet until they reach ca. 50 cm TL, after which they appear to subsist wholly on fish (Ref. 34291). In the range of 15-45cm they heavily depend on fish and to a lesser degree on insects (Ref. 33614). The choice of either piscivorous or invertebrate diet depends on fish size and availibilty of food items (Ref. 11247). Diet differences have been observed in areas with different bottom hardness (Ref. 52014), but the diet is more varied over a hard bottom (Ref. 52014). Both the start of the reproductive cycle and breeding may be triggered by the rains, causing a rise in water level and a decline in conductivity (Ref. 35297). The reproduction period may be related to the water temperature (Ref. 51970). Juveniles may occur on exposed rocky shores (Ref. 34291, Ref. 12526). Can successfully withstand conditions of low oxygen tension (Ref. 52016). Eccles, D.H. 1992 FAO species identification sheets for fishery purposes. Field guide to the freshwater fishes of Tanzania. Prepared and published with the support of the United Nations Development Programme (project URT/87/016). FAO, Rome. 145 p. (Ref. 4967) FB-Size-6519 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1992-11-11 00:00:00 2024-01-25 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6519 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution 127 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 42492)); max. published weight: 35.0 kg (Ref. 4537); max. reported age: 5 years (Ref. 11248) Parenzan, P. 1939 I pesci del bacino del lago Regina Margherita nel Galla e Sidama. Boll. Pesca Piscicolt. Idrobiol. 15(2):146-167. (Ref. 42492) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott 1991 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Diseases-6519-1376 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tobias Musschoot 2004-11-30 00:00:00 2004-12-01 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=6519&StockCode=6840 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Acanthostomum Infestation 2. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Ukoli, F.M.A. 1969 Preliminary report of the helminthic infection of fish in the river Niger at Shagunu. p. 269-283. In Man-Made lakes. The Accra Symposium. L.E. Obeng (ed.). Publ. Ghana University Press, Accra, 1969. (Ref. 52502) FB-Diseases-6519-1368 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tobias Musschoot 2004-11-30 00:00:00 2004-12-01 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=6519&StockCode=6840 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Acanthostomum Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Khalil, L.F. and J.P. Thurston 1973 Studies on the helminth parasites of freshwater fishes of Uganda including the descriptions of two new species of digeneans. Rev. Zool. Bot. afr. 87(2):209-248. (Ref. 52494) FB-Diseases-6519-1369 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tobias Musschoot 2004-11-30 00:00:00 2005-01-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=6519&StockCode=6840 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Astiotrema Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Khalil, L.F. and J.P. Thurston 1973 Studies on the helminth parasites of freshwater fishes of Uganda including the descriptions of two new species of digeneans. Rev. Zool. Bot. afr. 87(2):209-248. (Ref. 52494) FB-Diseases-6519-206 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tobias Musschoot 2004-11-30 00:00:00 2005-09-26 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=6519&StockCode=6840 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Contracaecum Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Mbahinzireki, G.B. 1980 Observations on some common parasites of <i>Bagrus docmac</i> Forskahl (Pisces: Siluroidea) of Lake Victoria. Hydrobiologia 75:273-280. (Ref. 52499) FB-Diseases-6519-859 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tobias Musschoot 2004-11-30 00:00:00 2004-11-30 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=6519&StockCode=6840 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Contracaecum Infestation 3. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Paperna, I. 1982 Parasites, infections et maladies du poisson en Afrique. CPCA Doc. Tech. 7:202 p. (Ref. 52504) FB-Diseases-6519-1366 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tobias Musschoot 2004-11-30 00:00:00 2005-07-26 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=6519&StockCode=6840 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Dolops Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Thurston, J.P. 1970 The incidence of Monogenea and parasitic Crustacea on the gills of fish in Uganda. Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr. 82(1-2):111-130. (Ref. 52490) FB-Diseases-6519-1395 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-07-18 00:00:00 2005-07-18 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=6519&StockCode=6840 Eustrongylides Disease (larvae). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Paperna, I. 1996 Parasites, infections and diseases of fishes in Africa. An update. CIFA Tech. Pap. No. 31. 220 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 45600) FB-Diseases-6519-785 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tobias Musschoot 2004-11-30 00:00:00 2005-01-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=6519&StockCode=6840 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Eustrongylides Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Khalil, L.F. and J.P. Thurston 1973 Studies on the helminth parasites of freshwater fishes of Uganda including the descriptions of two new species of digeneans. Rev. Zool. Bot. afr. 87(2):209-248. (Ref. 52494) FB-Diseases-6519-19 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tobias Musschoot 2004-11-30 00:00:00 2004-11-30 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=6519&StockCode=6840 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Fish louse Infestation 1. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Thurston, J.P. 1970 The incidence of Monogenea and parasitic Crustacea on the gills of fish in Uganda. Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr. 82(1-2):111-130. (Ref. 52490) FB-Diseases-6519-1372 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tobias Musschoot 2004-11-30 00:00:00 2005-01-26 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=6519&StockCode=6840 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Fish Louse Infestation 5. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Mbahinzireki, G.B. 1980 Observations on some common parasites of <i>Bagrus docmac</i> Forskahl (Pisces: Siluroidea) of Lake Victoria. Hydrobiologia 75:273-280. (Ref. 52499) FB-Diseases-6519-1379 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tobias Musschoot 2004-12-01 00:00:00 2004-12-01 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=6519&StockCode=6840 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Fish Louse Infestation 6. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Paperna, I. 1982 Parasites, infections et maladies du poisson en Afrique. CPCA Doc. Tech. 7:202 p. (Ref. 52504) FB-Diseases-6519-1380 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tobias Musschoot 2004-12-01 00:00:00 2004-12-01 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=6519&StockCode=6840 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Fish Louse Infestation 7. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Paperna, I. 1982 Parasites, infections et maladies du poisson en Afrique. CPCA Doc. Tech. 7:202 p. (Ref. 52504) FB-Diseases-6519-1370 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tobias Musschoot 2004-11-30 00:00:00 2005-01-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=6519&StockCode=6840 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Haplorchoides Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Khalil, L.F. and J.P. Thurston 1973 Studies on the helminth parasites of freshwater fishes of Uganda including the descriptions of two new species of digeneans. Rev. Zool. Bot. afr. 87(2):209-248. (Ref. 52494) FB-Diseases-6519-1365 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tobias Musschoot 2004-11-30 00:00:00 2004-11-30 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=6519&StockCode=6840 Lernaeid Infestation (larval Lernaeid). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Thurston, J.P. 1970 The incidence of Monogenea and parasitic Crustacea on the gills of fish in Uganda. Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr. 82(1-2):111-130. (Ref. 52490) FB-Diseases-6519-607 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tobias Musschoot 2004-11-30 00:00:00 2005-07-19 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=6519&StockCode=6840 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Piscicola Infestation (Piscicola sp.). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Mbahinzireki, G.B. 1980 Observations on some common parasites of <i>Bagrus docmac</i> Forskahl (Pisces: Siluroidea) of Lake Victoria. Hydrobiologia 75:273-280. (Ref. 52499) FB-Diseases-6519-446 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-01-10 00:00:00 2005-01-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=6519&StockCode=6840 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Procamallanus Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Khalil, L.F. and J.P. Thurston 1973 Studies on the helminth parasites of freshwater fishes of Uganda including the descriptions of two new species of digeneans. Rev. Zool. Bot. afr. 87(2):209-248. (Ref. 52494) FB-Diseases-6519-1371 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-01-26 00:00:00 2005-01-26 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=6519&StockCode=6840 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Quadriacanthus Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Thurston, J.P. 1970 The incidence of Monogenea and parasitic Crustacea on the gills of fish in Uganda. Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr. 82(1-2):111-130. (Ref. 52490) FB-Diseases-6519-342 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-06-03 00:00:00 2005-06-03 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=6519&StockCode=6840 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Trypanosoma Infection. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Paperna, I. 1996 Parasites, infections and diseases of fishes in Africa. An update. CIFA Tech. Pap. No. 31. 220 p. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 45600) FB-Diseases-6519-1375 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tobias Musschoot 2004-11-30 00:00:00 2005-09-21 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=6519&StockCode=6840 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Trypanosoma Infestation 2. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Baker, J.R. 1960 Trypanosomes and dactylosomes from the blood of fresh-water fish in East-Africa. Parasitology 50:515-526. (Ref. 52501) FB-Habitat-6519 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1992-11-11 00:00:00 2024-01-25 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6519 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution benthopelagic; freshwater; pH range: 6.5 - 8.2; dH range: 30; depth range 0 - 80 m (Ref. 34291), usually 0 - 70 m (Ref. 34291) Witte, F. and W. de Winter 1995 Appendix II. Biology of the major fish species of Lake Victoria. p. 301-320. In F. Witte and W.L.T. Van Densen (eds.) Fish stocks and fisheries of Lake Victoria. A handbook for field observations. Samara Publishing Limited, Dyfed, Great Britain. (Ref. 34291) Witte, F. and W. de Winter 1995 Appendix II. Biology of the major fish species of Lake Victoria. p. 301-320. In F. Witte and W.L.T. Van Densen (eds.) Fish stocks and fisheries of Lake Victoria. A handbook for field observations. Samara Publishing Limited, Dyfed, Great Britain. (Ref. 34291)