FB-6552 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6552 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Tetraodontiformes Diodontidae Diodon Diodon liturosus Shaw, 1804 Kortstekel-penvis Butete Butiti Tagotong Kortpigget pindsvinefisk Black blotched porcupinefish Blackblotched porcupinefish Black-blotched porcupinefish Black-botched porcupinefish Blotched porcupinefish Blotched porcupine-fish Brown-backed porcupinefish Shortspine porcupinefish Poumè-djidjan sokisoki Diodon Poisson porc-épic Porc-épic à épines courtes Hitozura-harisenbon Buntal-landak tompok Buntal Buntal landak Tauta Tautu Boteting taut Botiting laot Buktit Buteteng laot Borutu Dot Duto Dutu Kashi koli Konkeh batu Lukoh itingan Otit Punayu Tagutong Tagutongan Tagutugan Taius-wushuga 刺规 布氏刺魨 布氏刺鲀 柴二齒魨 柴二齿鲀 柴氏刺魨 柴氏刺鲀 气瓜仔 Diodon bleekeri Günther, 1910 Diodon holocanthus (non Linnaeus, 1758) Diodon literosus Shaw, 1804 Diodon lituratus Shaw, 1804 Diodon maculatus Duméril, 1855 1992-11-17 2006-06-07 Breder, C.M. and D.E. 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Reynolds0 Baseline surveys of proposed and established marine sanctuaries on Bantayan Island, northern Cebu. Technical Report No. 11. University of Guam. 64 p. (Ref. 114734) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272) Allen, G.R. and M.V. Erdmann0 Coral reef fishes of Timor-Leste. p. 33-82. In G.R. Allen and M.V. Erdmann (eds). A rapid biological assessment of Timor-Leste. Conservation International. (Ref. 118793) Songco, A.0 Personal communication. Tubbataha species list. Excel file "MyReport_Species_21May2019". (Ref. 121724) University of Western Australia0 Benthic BRUVS data 2019. Video BRUVS from Jessica Meeuwig. (Ref. 122752) Hazes, B.0 Hazes' underwater photos. Collection of Philippine underwater photos. Unpublished. (Ref. 127519) Balisco, R.A.T., V.S. Ticzon, B.R. Samaniego, W.-C. Huang, B.J. Gonzales and T.-Y. Liao0 Marine fishes of Palawan, Philippines: species diversity, new records, and conservation status. Regional Studies in Marine Science 60(2023) 102825:1-10. (Ref. 130287) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-pic-6552-2476 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1995-01-14 2006-06-16 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6552 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Dilit_u0.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Dilit_u0.jpg Locality: Batunine, Manado, Indonesia. FB-pic-6552-8601 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-02-15 2000-04-27 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6552 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Dilit_u1.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Dilit_u1.jpg FB-pic-6552-8602 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-02-15 2000-04-27 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6552 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Dilit_u3.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Dilit_u3.jpg Locality: Maumere, Flores, Indonesia. FB-pic-6552-8620 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-02-16 2000-04-27 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6552 http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Dilit_u4.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Dilit_u4.jpg FB-pic-6552-12663 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-12-18 1996-12-18 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6552 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size (night) Locality: Seven Brothers, Gulf of Aden, Djibouti. http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Dilit_u2.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Dilit_u2.jpg Locality: Seven Brothers, Gulf of Aden, Djibouti. FB-GeneralDescr-6552 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-11-17 00:00:00 2006-06-07 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6552 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Inhabits reef edges and slopes (Ref. 6113, 48637). Hides in caves and ledges during the day and forages at night (Ref. 9680). Also found below plate-corals during the day and often deep, ranging to at least 40 meters depth. Juveniles occur in lagoons and estuaries (Ref. 48637). Solitary. Feeds on crustaceans and mollusks. Not usually marketed (Ref. 9680). Myers, R.F. 1991 Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602) FB-DiagnosticDescr-6552 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1995-09-08 00:00:00 2013-05-08 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6552 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Spines short (Ref. 1602). Several yellow-edged dark blotches on body (Ref. 559). D. liturosus differs from D. hystrix by its shorter spines and color (Ref. 37816).Description: Characterized further by Brown body color grading to white ventrally; dark blotches on back, on side and below eye; numerous, short erectile spines on head and body, spines on forehead shorter than behind pectoral fins, non wholly on caudal peduncle; 16-21 spines from snout to base of dorsal fin (Ref. 90102). Myers, R.F. 1991 Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602) FB-Morphology-6552 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1995-09-08 00:00:00 2013-05-08 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6552 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 14 - 16; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 14 - 16 Myers, R.F. 1991 Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602) FB-Distribution-6552 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-11-17 00:00:00 2024-07-16 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6552 Indo-Pacific: East Africa to the Society Islands, north to southern Japan, south to New South Wales. Not present in Hawaii (Ref. 9680). Southeast Atlantic: southeast coast of South Africa (Ref. 4423). Myers, R.F. 1991 Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602) FB-Uses-6552 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-11-17 00:00:00 2006-06-07 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6552 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size fisheries: minor commercial; aquarium: commercial; price category: unknown; price reliability: Fujita, T., W. Hamaura, A. Takemura and K. Takano 1997 Histological observations of annual reproductive cycle and tidal spawning rhythm in the female porcupine fish <i>Diodon holocanthus</i>. Fish. Sci. 63(5):715-720. (Ref. 35316) Edwards, A.J. and A.D. Shepherd 1992 Environmental implications of aquarium-fish collection in the Maldives, with proposals for regulation. Environ. Conserv. 19:61-72. (Ref. 4907) FB-TrophicStrategy-6552 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1994-01-22 00:00:00 2018-05-08 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public liturosus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Inhabits reef edges and slopes (Ref. 6113). Hides in caves and ledges during the day and forages at night. Solitary. Feeds on crustaceans and molluscs (Ref. 9680). Sano, M., M. Shimizu and Y. Nose 1984 Food habits of teleostean reef fishes in Okinawa Island, southern Japan. University of Tokyo Bulletin, no. 25. v,128p. University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo, Japan. 128 p. (Ref. 6110) FB-Size-6552 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-11-17 00:00:00 2006-06-07 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6552 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat 65.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 9710)) Lieske, E. and R. Myers 1994 Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Haper Collins Publishers, 400 p. (Ref. 9710) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-6552 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1992-11-17 00:00:00 2006-06-07 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=6552 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology reef-associated; marine; depth range 1 - 90 m (Ref. 37816), usually 15 - 30 m (Ref. 9680) Myers, R.F. 1999 Micronesian reef fishes: a comprehensive guide to the coral reef fishes of Micronesia, 3rd revised and expanded edition. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 330 p. (Ref. 37816) Leis, J.M. 2001 Diodontidae. Porcupine fishes (burrfishes). p. 3958-3965. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 6. Bony fishes part 4 (Labridae to Latimeriidae), estuarine crocodiles. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9680)