FB-71 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=71 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Carangiformes Carangidae Caranx Caranx hippos (Linnaeus, 1766) Klippfisk Skrei Torsk Dorsz Dorsz atlantycki Dorsz bałtycki Dorsz kildynski Pomuchel Watlusz Wątłusz Bacalhau Bacalhau-do-Atlântico Bakailao Makailaoa Makailu Bakaljar Codyn Penfras Almindelig torsk Atlantisk torsk Torsk Cod Dorsch Kabeljau Ostseedorsch Atlantic cod Bacalao Bacaleau Baccalao Baccale Baccalo Bank cod Bank fish Bastard Berry fish BlackBerry fish Breeder Bull dog Cod Codd Codde Cod-fish Codling Duffy Fall fish Fish Foxy tom-cod Grog fish Haberdine Harbour tom-cod Hen Inshore cod Kil'din cod Loader Logy fish Mother fish Newfoundland fish Northern cod Old soaker Pea Red-cod Schrod Scrad Scraud Scrawd Scrod Seal-head cod Shoal cod Shoal fish Shore cod Shore fish Snub Snubby Snig Soaker Split Swallow Swallow tail Tally fish Tom-cod Trap cod Trap fish Winter fish Atlandi tursk tursk Bankfiskur Berggylta Blankur fiskur Bollingur Bøllingur Brondingur Fellistoskur Fiskur Flakningur Gloypingur Gráur fiskur Grunnafiskur Grunningur Havtoskur Heystfiskur Hvítur fiskur Landfiskur Landskránur Lutningur Miðafiskur Nabbafiskur Raktoskur Reyðbelta Reyðfiskur Sildafiskur Skránur Slánur Smáfiskur Stútingur Summarfiskur Tertlingur Torrafiskur Toskur Tysklingur Várfiskur itämeren turska Turska Cabillaud Morue Morue commune Morue de l'Atlantique Morue franche Boiddagh שיבוט אטלנטי Bakajar Bakalar bakaljar Štokfiš Þorskur Kabliau Ogac Ovak Saraudlik Saraudlirksoak Sârugdligaraq Sârugdlik Sâugdlik Ugak Uugak Merluzzo bianco Madara Tara Baltijas menca Menca Baltijos mence Baltijos menkė Atlanticheskaya treska Pertuy Treska треска Треска атлантическая Bakal Bakalaj Bakalar Bakaljar Ugotica Black codling Blockie Coddie Droud Duncan Hum Keeling Kleg Poullach Purr Red knock Scots wille Shingler Slinger Slink Sousler Stock fish Stuckie Wairey codling Torsk Тріска Тріска атлантична Bacalao Bacalao del Atlántico An trosc Bacallà Bakaliáros Bodach-ruadh Buoiddesguolli Cod Gádos Kabeljauw Saarullik Sweikis Tararunuk Trska Vuotnaguolli 大西洋鱈大西洋鳕 Asellus major Not given Gadus arenosus Mitchill, 1815 Gadus callarias Linnaeus, 1758 Gadus callarias hiemalis Taliev, 1931 Gadus callarias kildinensis Derjugin, 1920 Gadus callarius Linnaeus, 1758 Gadus heteroglossus Walbaum, 1792 Gadus morhua callarias Linnaeus, 1758 Gadus morhua kildinensis Derjugin, 1920 Gadus morhua morhua Linnaeus, 1758 Gadus morrhua Linnaeus, 1758 Gadus nanus Faber, 1829 Gadus ruber Lacepède, 1803 Gadus rupestris Mitchill, 1815 Gadus vertagus Walbaum, 1792 Morhua punctatus Fleming, 1828 Morhua vulgaris Fleming, 1828 Morrhua americana Storer, 1839 Morrhua vulgaris Fleming, 1828 1990-11-10 2024-01-15 Russell, F.S.0 The eggs and planktonic stages of British marine fishes. 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(Ref. 120179) Wienerroither R., Johannesen E., Dolgov A., Byrkjedal I., Aglen A., Bjelland O., Drevetnyak K., Eriksen KB., Høines Å., Langhelle G., Langøy H., Murashko P., Prokhorova T., Prozorkevich D., Smirnov O., Wenneck T.0 Atlas of the Barents Sea Fishes based on the winter survey. IMR-PINRO Joint Report Series 2-2013:220 pp. (Ref. 120407) Jørgensen, O.A., C. Hvingel, P.R. Møller and M.A. Treble0 Identification and mapping of bottom fish assemblages in Davis Strait and southern Baffin Bay. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 62:1833-1852. (Ref. 120413) Mecklenburg, C.W., I. Byrkjedal, J.S. Christiansen, O.V. Karamushko, A. Lynghammar and P.R. Møller0 List of marine fishes of the Arctic region annotated with common names and zoogeographic characterizations. Conservation of Arctic Flora and Fauna, Akureyri, Iceland. (Ref. 120666) Dolgov, A.V., E. Johannesen, M. Heino and E. Olsen0 Trophic ecology of blue whiting in the Barents Sea. ICES Journal of Marine Science 67: 483-493. (Ref. 121735) ICES0 Cod (Gadus morhua) in Subarea 4, Division 7.d, and Subdivision 20 (North Sea, eastern English Channel, Skagerrak). ICES Advice on fishing opportunities, catch, and effort. (Ref. 122177) ICES0 Cod (Gadus morhua) in NAFO Subarea 1, inshore (West Greenland cod). ICES Advice on fishing opportunities, catch, and effort. (Ref. 122196) ICES0 Cod (Gadus morhua) in ICES Subarea 14 and NAFO Division 1F (East Greenland, Southwest Greenland). ICES Advice on fishing opportunities, catch, and effort. (Ref. 122197) ICES0 Cod (Gadus morhua) in Division 6.a (West of Scotland). ICES Advice on fishing opportunities, catch, and effort. (Ref. 122198) ICES0 Cod (Gadus morhua) in divisions 7.e-k (western English Channel and southern Celtic Seas). ICES Advice on fishing opportunities, catch, and effort. (Ref. 122199) ICES0 Cod (Gadus morhua) in subareas 1 and 2 (Northeast Arctic). ICES Advice on fishing opportunities, catch, and effort. (Ref. 122200) ICES0 Cod (Gadus morhua) in Division 5.a (Iceland grounds). ICES Advice on fishing opportunities, catch, and effort. (Ref. 122201) ICES0 Cod (Gadus morhua) in subdivisions 22-24, western Baltic stock (western Baltic Sea). ICES Advice on fishing opportunities, catch, and effort. (Ref. 122240) Froese, R., F. Flindt, E. Meyer, J. Meyer and O. Egerland0 Untersuchung zum Laichverhalten des Dorsches in der Kieler Bucht im Frühjahr 2020. Published online at https://www.fishbase.de/rfroese/LaichDorsch2020.pdf on 01 October 2020. (Ref. 122956) Burgos, G. and S. Mehl0 Diet overlap between North-East Arctic cod and haddock in the southern part of the Barents Sea in 1984-1986. ICES. (Ref. 122981) Johannesen, E., H.L. Mork, K. Korsbrekke, R. Wienerroither, E. Eriksen, M. Fossheim, T. de Lange Wenneck, A. Dolgov, T. Prokhorova and D. Prozorkevich0 Arctic fishes in the Barents Sea 2004-2015: changes in abundance and distribution. IMR/PINRO Joint Report Series 1:50p. (Ref. 123022) Bolshakova, Y.Y. and D.V. Bolshakov0 Ichthyofauna of the eastern coast bays of the Novaya Zemlya Archipelago. Oceanology 58(2):228-232. (Ref. 123027) Bergmann, M., N. Langwald, J. Ontrup, T. Soltwedel, I. Schewe, M. Klages and T.W. Nattkemper0 Megafaunal assemblages from two shelf stations west of Svalbard. Marine Biology Research 7:523-539. (Ref. 123538) Chambellant, M., I. Stirling and S.H. Ferguson0 Temporal variation in western Hudson Bay ringed seal Phoca hispida diet in relation to environment. Marine Ecology Progress Series 481:269-287. (Ref. 123554) Landry, J.J., A.T. Fisk, D.J. Yurkowski, N.E. Hussey, T. Dick, R.E. Crawford and S.T. Kessel0 Feeding ecology of a common benthic fish, shorthorn sculpin (Myoxocephalus scorpius) in the high arctic. Polar Biology 41(10):2091-2102. (Ref. 123560) Lesage, V., S. Lair, S. Turgeon and P. Béland0 Diet of St. Lawrence Estuary Beluga (Delphinapterus leucas) in a changing ecosystem. The Canadian Field-Naturalist 134(1):21-35. (Ref. 123587) Golikov, A.V., F.R. Ceia, R.M. Sabirov, Z.I. Zaripova, M.E. Blicher, D.V. Zakharov and J.C. Xavier0 Ontogenetic changes in stable isotope (δ13C and δ15N) values in squuid Gonatus fabricii (Cephalopoda) reveal its important ecological role in the Arctic. Marine Ecology Progress Series 606:65-78. (Ref. 123615) Golikov, A.V., F.R. Ceia, R.M. Sabirov, A.N. Belyaev, M.E. Blicher, N.H. Arboe, D.V. Zakharov and J.C. Xavier0 Food spectrum and trophic position of an Arctic cephalopod, Rossia palpebrosa (Sepiolida), inferred by stomach contents and stable isotope (δ13C and δ15N) analyses. Marine Ecology Progress Series 632:131-144. (Ref. 123971) Wiedmann, M.A., R. Primicerio, A. Dolgov, C.A.M. Ottesen and M. Aschan0 Life history variation in Barents sea fishing: implications for sensitivity to fishing in a changing environmnt. Ecol. Evol. 4(18):3596-3611. (Ref. 124126) Froese, R., N. Demirel, G. Coro and H. Winker0 User Guide for CMSY++. GEOMAR, Germany, 17 p. (Ref. 124174) Johannesen, E., Jørgensen, L.L., M. Fossheim, R. Primicerio, M. Greenacre, P.A. Ljubin, A.V. Dolgov, R.B. Ingvaldsen, N.A. Anisimova and I.E. Manushin0 Large-scale patterns in community structure of benthos and fish in the Barents Sea. Polar Biology 40:237-246. (Ref. 125619) Kovačić, M., L. Lipej, J. Dulčić, S.P. Iglesias and M. Goren0 Evidence-based checklist of the Mediterranean Sea fishes. Zootaxa 4998(1):1-115. (Ref. 125963) Audzijonyte, A.0 Inland fisheries catch of Lithuania. Personal communication via email, 3 February 2022. (Ref. 126279) Marčeta, B. and K. Pliberšek (eds)0 BiosWeb. Biological database of the Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia. Ljubljana, Fisheries Research Institute of Slovenia, 2014. (www.biosweb.org. updated 13/04/2023). (Ref. 128520) Froese, R. and V.A. Parducho0 Global stocks spreadsheet as of December 9, 2022. Excel file from V.A. Parducho, pers. comm. (Ref. 128993) Simian, G., D. Abraham, N. Bailly, P. Béarez, F. Urtizberea, A. Perrot, H. Goraguer, R. Langlois, P. Daszkiewicz, F. Teletchea, S. Tercerie and G. Denys0 Checklist of fishes from the Saint-Pierre and Miquelon archipelago. Cybium 46(4):371-384. (Ref. 132183) Asoc. Plataforma Defensa Medio-Ambiental Ondarroa 12 mil0 Basque Fish Names Asoc. Plataforma Defensa Medio-Ambiental Ondarroa 12 mil. https://arrainak.eus/arrainak. (Ref. 132948) Sólmundsson, J., K.B. Jakobsdóttir and H. Pétursdóttir0 Deepwater sharks at their northern limits-distribution, diet and trophic relations. Mar. Ecol. 46(1):e12854. (Ref. 133040) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-pic-69-10352 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif Robbie N. Cada 1993-07-01 2008-06-25 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Image can be freely copied and altered, as long as original author and source are properly acknowledged. WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=69 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Gamor_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Gamor_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-69 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2022-03-04 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=69 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy Widely distributed in a variety of habitats, from the shoreline down to the continental shelf. Juveniles prefer shallow (less than 10-30 m depth) sublittoral waters with complex habitats, such as seagrass beds, areas with gravel, rocks, or boulder, which provide protection from predators (Refs. 89383, 89384). Adults are usually found in deeper, colder waters. During the day, form schools and swim about 30-80 m above the bottom, dispersing at night to feed (Ref. 1371, 89385). Omnivorous; feed at dawn or dusk on invertebrates and fish, including young cod. (Ref. 1371). Migrate between spawning, feeding and overwintering areas, mostly within the boundaries of the respective stocks. Migrations >200 km are rare occurrences (Refs. 89386, 89387). Marketed fresh, dried or salted, smoked and frozen; eaten steamed, fried, broiled, boiled, microwaved and baked (Ref. 9988). Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371) FB-DiagnosticDescr-69 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1992-04-03 00:00:00 2025-06-04 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=69 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Protruding upper jaw, a conspicuous barbel on the lower jaw, and light lateral line, curved above the pectoral fins. Predorsal distance is less than one third of total length; body depth about 1/5 of total length. Color varies from brownish to greenish or gray dorsally and on upper sides, becoming pale and silvery ventrally. Peritoneum silvery. Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371) FB-Morphology-69 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1992-04-03 00:00:00 2025-06-04 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=69 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 44 - 55; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 33 - 45; Vertebrae: 51 - 55 Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371) FB-Distribution-69 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2025-09-12 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=69 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat North Atlantic and Arctic: Ungava Bay in Canada along the North American coast to Cape Hatteras; North Carolina in the western Atlantic. East and west coast of Greenland; around Iceland; from Barents Sea including the region around Bear Island along the European coast to Bay of Biscay (Ref. 88171). Also in the Mediterranean (Ref. 125963). Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371) FB-Uses-69 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2022-03-04 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=69 fisheries: highly commercial; aquaculture: commercial; gamefish: yes; price category: medium; price reliability: reliable: based on ex-vessel price for this species FAO 1992 FAO yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 70: 1990. FAO Fish. Ser. 38:647 p. (Ref. 4931) Garibaldi, L. 1996 List of animal species used in aquaculture. FAO Fish. Circ. 914. 38 p. (Ref. 12108) International Game Fish Association 1991 World record game fishes. International Game Fish Association, Florida, USA. (Ref. 4699) Kinzer, J. 1983 Aquarium Kiel: Beschreibungen zur Biologie der ausgestellten Tierarten. Institut für Meereskunde an der Universität Kiel. pag. var. (Ref. 12253) FB-Migration-69 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2022-03-04 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=69 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Oceanodromous. Migrating within oceans typically between spawning and different feeding areas, as tunas do. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) FB-LifeCycle-69 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2022-03-04 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=69&StockCode=79 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Spawning occurs in winter and beginning of spring, where big schools are formed. Spawning sites are in offshore waters, at or near the bottom, in 50-200 m depth and 0-12 °C (preferred range 0-6°C) (Refs. 1371, 89387). May form spawning aggregations in the water column when bottom temperatures are unsuitable (Ref. 1371). Different spawning areas may be used in subsequent years (Ref. 89387). Embryo development lasts about 14 days (at 6°C) and larval phase lasts about 3 months(at 8°C). Fecundity ranges from 2.5 million eggs in a 5 kg female to a record of 9 million eggs in a 34 kg female. Reported number of batches spawned in an experiment is 8 - 22 (Ref. 5513). Sex ratio is nearly 50%, with slight predominance of females. Classified as a determinate multiple spawner (Ref. 40290). Older and larger cod had been found to produce larger eggs with neutral buoyancy at lower salinities. This can be crucial to egg and larval survival (Refs. 31930, 38384). Larvae are pelagic up to 2.5 months before settling on the bottom (Ref. 1371).In the Baltic, spawning cumulates in March at depths below 20 m near the bottom. The nursery areas are in the inner coastal zone. Recruitment to the fished stock starts below 2 years and peaks at about 3 years of age (Ref. 5947). Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371) FB-TrophicStrategy-69 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1991-10-17 00:00:00 2023-07-24 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public morhua http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Opportunistic predator that forages mainly at dawn and dusk (Refs. 1371, 46189). Larvae feed mainly on zooplankton while juveniles prey predominantly on benthic crustaceans; adults feed mainly on zoobenthos and fish (Refs. 5743, 9604, 26813) including juvenile cod. Fish prey becomes more common in the diet with increasing body size (Refs. 1371, 89387). Adults may cover large distances during the feeding period (Ref. 89387). Young cod are also preyed upon by different fish species and octopus. Adult cod are prey items of top predators like sharks, rays, whales, dolphins, seals, and sea birds (Refs. 9023, 9581, 26954, 43651, 45735).In the Baltic it grows up to 5 kg weight in 7-8 years; in the North Sea it reaches 8 kg in the same time span . Natural mortality for adults of both stocks is assumed to be around M=0.2, resulting in a mean adult life expectancy and mean duration of the reproductive phase of 5 years (Ref. 88171).Parasites of the species include protozoans (trypanosome), myxosporidians, monogeneid, trematodes, cestodes, nematodes, acanthocephalan, hirudinid and copepods (Ref. 5951). Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371) FB-Size-69 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2022-03-04 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=69 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses 200 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 1371)); max. published weight: 96.0 kg (Ref. 9988); max. reported age: 25 years (Ref. 173) Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371) Frimodt, C. 1995 Multilingual illustrated guide to the world's commercial coldwater fish. Fishing News Books, Osney Mead, Oxford, England. 215 p. (Ref. 9988) Muus, B.J. and P. Dahlström 1974 Collins guide to the sea fishes of Britain and North-Western Europe. Collins, London, UK. 244 p. (Ref. 173) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Diseases-69-96 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Wolfgang Weber 1993-08-03 00:00:00 1993-08-18 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=69&StockCode=79 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Ascaridatosis (adult and juvenile). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Lang, T. 1988 Hysterothylacium aduncum (Nematoda) in Baltic cod (Gadus morhua L.). ICES C.M. 1988/J:20. (Ref. 6022) FB-Diseases-69-94 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Wolfgang Weber 1993-08-03 00:00:00 1993-08-03 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=69&StockCode=79 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Black spot Disease 3. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Larsson, P.-O. 1990 Diseases of cod observed on Swedish surveys in the Baltic. ICES C.M./E:21. (Ref. 5927) FB-Diseases-69-312 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1993-05-14 00:00:00 1993-05-14 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ FAO General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=69&StockCode=79 Clavella Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Froese, R., S. Rosenboom and B. Ueberschär 1982 Fischkrankheiten in Verbindung mit Umweltparametern in der westlichen Ostsee. Semesterabschlußarbeit, Institute of Marine Science, Kiel. 56 p. (Ref. 5494) FB-Diseases-69-206 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 2012-03-30 00:00:00 2012-03-30 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=69&StockCode=79 Contracaecum Disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Haarder, S. 2012 Fish disease photos. Unpublished, personal communication. (Ref. 89841) FB-Diseases-69-57 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2004-03-01 00:00:00 2004-03-01 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ John E. Randall General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=69&StockCode=79 Epitheliocystis. Bacterial diseases Lannan, C.N., J.L. Batholomew and J.L. Fryer 1999 Chlamydial infections of fish: Epitheliocystis. p.255-267. In P.T.K. Woo and D.W. Bruno (eds.) Fish Diseases and Disorders Vol. 3: Viral, bacterial and fungal infections. CABI Int'l. (Ref. 48851) FB-Diseases-69-134 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1993-05-14 00:00:00 1993-05-14 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=69&StockCode=79 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Lernaeocera Disease (l.). Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Froese, R., S. Rosenboom and B. Ueberschär 1982 Fischkrankheiten in Verbindung mit Umweltparametern in der westlichen Ostsee. Semesterabschlußarbeit, Institute of Marine Science, Kiel. 56 p. (Ref. 5494) FB-Diseases-69-315 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1993-08-18 00:00:00 1993-08-18 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=69&StockCode=79 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Pleistophora disease. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Waluga, D., T. Wlasow, E. Dyner and A. Swiatecki 1986 Studies on the etiopathogenesis of fish diseases in the Baltic Sea. Acta Ichthyol. Piscat. 16(2):53-72. (Ref. 6025) FB-Diseases-69-179 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1993-08-18 00:00:00 1993-08-18 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=69&StockCode=79 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Tumor of skin. Neoplasia (tumors of unknown origin) Dethlefsen, V. 1989 Krankheiten des Dorsches (Gadus morhua) der Ostsee. Infn Fischw. 36(2):62-67. (Ref. 6024) FB-Diseases-69-82 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1993-08-18 00:00:00 1993-08-18 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=69&StockCode=79 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Ulcer (e.). Others Dethlefsen, V. 1989 Krankheiten des Dorsches (Gadus morhua) der Ostsee. Infn Fischw. 36(2):62-67. (Ref. 6024) FB-Diseases-69-152 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1993-05-14 00:00:00 1993-05-14 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=69&StockCode=79 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Ulcer (l.). Others Froese, R., S. Rosenboom and B. Ueberschär 1982 Fischkrankheiten in Verbindung mit Umweltparametern in der westlichen Ostsee. Semesterabschlußarbeit, Institute of Marine Science, Kiel. 56 p. (Ref. 5494) FB-Habitat-69 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1990-10-17 00:00:00 2022-03-04 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=69 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription benthopelagic; oceanodromous (Ref. 51243); brackish; marine; depth range 0 - 600 m (Ref. 1371), usually 150 - 200 m (Ref. 54441) Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) Cohen, D.M., T. Inada, T. Iwamoto and N. Scialabba 1990 FAO species catalogue. Vol. 10. Gadiform fishes of the world (Order Gadiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of cods, hakes, grenadiers and other gadiform fishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(10). Rome: FAO. 442 p. (Ref. 1371) FAO-FIGIS 2001 A world overview of species of interest to fisheries. Chapter: Gadus morhua. Retrieved on 30 May 2005, from www.fao.org/figis/servlet/species?fid=2218. 4p. FIGIS Species Fact Sheets. Species Identification and Data Programme-SIDP, FAO-FIGIS (Ref. 54441)