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<taxon>
	<dc:identifier>FB-7293</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7293</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Lophiiformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Antennariidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Antennarius</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Antennarius commerson (Lacepède, 1798)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='af'>Groot hengelaar</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='da'>Gul tudsefisk</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Big angler</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Black angler</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Black fishing frog</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Commerson’s frogfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Commerson's frogfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Giant anglerfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Giant frogfish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='en'>Giant stonefish</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='et'>Hiid-klounkala</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='et'>Hiid-tundelkala</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fj'>ilava boto</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Antennaire géant</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Grenouille de Commerson</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fr'>Poisson-crapaud</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ja'>Oni izariuo</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='sm'>La'otale</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='sm'>Nofu</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='ty'>Nohu</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang='es'>Ranisapo de Commerson</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Bwavaxic</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Laffe cochon</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>Rumena sargasovka</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>康氏躄魚</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>康氏躄鱼</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>躄魚</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>黃躄魚</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>黄躄鱼</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='ambiguous synonym'>Antennarius bivertex Commerson, 1798</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Antennarius caudimaculatus (Rüppell, 1838)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Antennarius chironectes (non Latreille, 1804)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='ambiguous synonym'>Antennarius commerson (Latreille, 1804)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='ambiguous synonym'>Antennarius commersoni (Latreille, 1804)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Antennarius commersoni (non Latreille, 1804)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Antennarius commersonii (Cuvier, 1817)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Antennarius commersonii (Latreille, 1804)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Antennarius goramensis Bleeker, 1864</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Antennarius hispidus (non Bloch &amp; Schneider, 1801)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Antennarius lateralis Tanaka, 1917</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Antennarius lutescens Seale, 1906</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Antennarius moluccensis Bleeker, 1855</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Antennarius nummifer (non Cuvier, 1817)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Antennarius rubrofuscus (Garrett, 1863)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Chironectes caudimaculatus Rüppell, 1838</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Chironectes commersonii Cuvier, 1817</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Chironectes rubrofuscus Garrett, 1863</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='ambiguous synonym'>Lophie commerson Lacepède, 1798</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Lophiocharon goramensis (Bleeker, 1864)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Lophius commerson Lacepède, 1798</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='ambiguous synonym'>Lophius commerson Latreille, 1804</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Lophius commersonii Shaw, 1804</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Uniantennatus horridus (non Bleeker, 1853)</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1993-02-08</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2019-05-07</dcterms:modified>
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	<reference isbn='9780987260000' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=90102&amp;speccode=7293'>Allen, G.R. and M.V. Erdmann0 Reef fishes of the East Indies. Perth, Australia: Universitiy of Hawai'i Press, Volumes I-III. Tropical Reef Research. (Ref. 90102)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=93651&amp;speccode=7293'>Fricke, R., P. Durville, G. Bernardi, P. Borsa, G. Mou-Tham and P. Chabanet0 Checklist of the shore fishes of Europa Island, Mozambique Channel, southwestern Indian Ocean, including 302 new records. Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde A, 6:247-276. (Ref. 93651)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=94637&amp;speccode=7293'>Cornish, A.S.0 Fish assemblages associated with shallow, fringing coral communities in sub-tropical Hong Kong: species composition, spatial and temporal patterns. Hong Kong: Pok Fu Lam, University of Hong Kong, PhD Thesis, 300 p. (Ref. 94637)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=105471&amp;speccode=7293'>eElurikkus0 eElurikkus koondab ühte portaali Eesti eluslooduse andmed. http://elurikkus.ut.ee/ (Ref. 105471)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=105574&amp;speccode=7293'>Termeki on Eesti Keele Instituudi0 Termeki on Eesti Keele Instituudi. http://term.eki.ee/termbase/view/7351963/ (Ref. 105574)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=115257&amp;speccode=7293'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=118272&amp;speccode=7293'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=122680&amp;speccode=7293'>State of hawaii0 SWAP species fact sheets. https://dlnr.hawaii.gov/wildlife/hswap/fact-sheets/ [Accessed 13/08/2020]. (Ref. 122680)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=126983&amp;speccode=7293'>IUCN0 The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2022-2. &lt;https://www.iucnredlist.org/&gt;. Downloaded 10 Jan 2023. (Ref. 126983)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=127348&amp;speccode=7293'>Grove, J.S., D.J. Long, D.R. Robertson and B.C. Victor0 List of fishes of the Galapagos Archipelago, Ecuador. J. Ocean Sci. Found. 39:14-22. (Ref. 127348)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=127519&amp;speccode=7293'>Hazes, B.0 Hazes' underwater photos. Collection of Philippine underwater photos. Unpublished. (Ref. 127519)</reference>
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	<reference isbn='1849954984' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=128868&amp;speccode=7293'>Beolens, B., M. Grayson and M. Watkins0 Eponym dictionary of Fishes. 	Dunbeath, Caithness (Scotland, UK): Whittles Publishing Limited, 1300 p. (Ref. 128868)</reference>
	<reference isbn='978-988-8789-21-4' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=129440&amp;speccode=7293'>Lai, N.-W.0 Hong Kong market marine fish.  Original title: 香港街市海魚圖鑑. Hua Qianshu Publishing Co., Ltd., p. 440. (Ref. 129440)</reference>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=137577&amp;speccode=7293'>Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577)</reference><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>Found in lagoon and seaward reefs (Ref. 9710), often on jetty (Ref. 48635).  Benthic (Ref. 58302).  Feed on fish (Ref. 11889) and small shrimps (Ref. 89972).  Oviparous.  Eggs are bound in ribbon-like sheath or mass of gelatinous mucus called 'egg raft' or 'veil' (Ref. 6773). Solitary and frequently among sponges in 1-50 m, usually less than 20 m (Ref 90102).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6773&amp;speccode=7293'>Pietsch, T.W. and D.B. Grobecker 1987 Frogfishes of the world. Systematics, zoogeography, and behavioral ecology. Stanford University Press, Stanford, California. 420 p. (Ref. 6773)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<dc:description>Comes in a variety of colors:  yellow, orange, green, brown, and black.  Bony part of illicium about equal to length of the 2nd dorsal spine (10.2-16.9 %SL); esca a small tuft of flattened appendages (Ref. 4538).  Illicial length in %SL: 19.3-25.2 (Ref. 6773).  Membrane behind 2nd dorsal spine thick and spinulose, extending to base of third (Ref. 6773). One of the largest species (Ref. 48635).Description:  Characterized by being densely mottled or with spots, blotches or striations; partially or fully covered with low, rounded wart-like swellings on head and body (Ref. 90102).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4538'>Myers, R.F. 1989 Micronesian reef fishes: A practical guide to the identification of the inshore marine fishes of the tropical central and western Pacific. First Edition. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Cristina V. Garilao</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1995-08-30 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2013-02-21 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
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	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7293</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Dorsal spines (total): 3; Dorsal soft rays (total): 12 - 13;  Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 8</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=4538'>Myers, R.F. 1989 Micronesian reef fishes: A practical guide to the identification of the inshore marine fishes of the tropical central and western Pacific. First Edition. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-7293</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1993-02-08 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2023-01-10 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7293</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>Indo-Pacific and Eastern Pacific:  Red Sea and South Africa (Ref. 4113) to Panama, north to southern Japan and the Hawaiian Islands, south to the Lord Howe and the Society islands.  Referred to as Antennarius moluccensis by authors.</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1602&amp;speccode=7293'>Myers, R.F. 1991 Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Uses-7293</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
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	<agent homepage='https://www.rom.on.ca/en/collections-research/rom-staff/richard-winterbottom' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Richard Winterbottom</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1993-02-08 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2019-05-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Importance</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7293</dc:source>
	<dc:description>fisheries: of no interest</dc:description>
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	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9269&amp;speccode=7293'>Schneider, M. and R.J. Lavenberg 1995 Antennariidae. Ranisapos. p. 854-857. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9269)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=637&amp;speccode=7293'>Masuda, H., C. Araga and T. Yoshino 1975 Coastal fishes of southern Japan. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 382 p. (Ref. 637)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-LifeCycle-7293</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Susan M. Luna</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1993-02-08 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2019-05-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=7293&amp;StockCode=7584</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Oviparous. Eggs are bound in ribbon-like sheath or mass of gelatinous mucus called 'egg raft' or 'veil' (Ref. 6773).</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=205&amp;speccode=7293'>Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-TrophicStrategy-7293</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Pascualita Sa-a</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1996-11-26 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2023-12-12 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>commerson</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Occurs in inshore waters (Ref. 75154).  Ambush predator (Ref. 129713).</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=11889&amp;speccode=7293'>Thollot, P. 1996 Les poissons de mangrove du lagon sud-ouest de Nouvelle-Calédonie. ORSTOM Éditions, Paris. (Ref. 11889)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-7293</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
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	<agent homepage='https://www.rom.on.ca/en/collections-research/rom-staff/richard-winterbottom' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Richard Winterbottom</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1993-02-08 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2019-05-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7293</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>45.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 90102))</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='9780987260000' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=90102&amp;speccode=7293'>Allen, G.R. and M.V. Erdmann 2012 Reef fishes of the East Indies. Perth, Australia: Universitiy of Hawai'i Press, Volumes I-III. Tropical Reef Research. (Ref. 90102)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title></dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription</subject>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-7293</dc:identifier>
	<dataType>http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text</dataType>
	<mimeType>text/html</mimeType>
	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Estelita Emily Capuli</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1993-02-08 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2019-05-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7293</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology</subject>
	<dc:description>reef-associated; marine; depth range 0 - 70 m (Ref. 89972), usually ? - 20 m (Ref. 9269)</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='2-915654-09-3' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=89972&amp;speccode=7293'>Bacchet, P., T. Zysman and Y. Lefèvre 2006 Guide des poissons de Tahiti et ses îles. Tahiti (Polynésie Francaise): Éditions Au Vent des Îles. 608 p. (Ref. 89972)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9269&amp;speccode=7293'>Schneider, M. and R.J. Lavenberg 1995 Antennariidae. Ranisapos. p. 854-857. In W. Fischer, F. Krupp, W. Schneider, C. Sommer, K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) Guia FAO para Identification de Especies para lo Fines de la Pesca. Pacifico Centro-Oriental. 3 Vols. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9269)</reference></dataObject>
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