FB-7368 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7368 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Perciformes/Serranoidei Epinephelidae Epinephelus Epinephelus trimaculatus (Valenciennes, 1828) لٌؤز ثلاثة بثقع Treplettet havaborre Black-saddled grouper Threespot grouper Mérou trois taches Lokos Nominokuchi Lapu lapu Mero de tres manchas Bulang Huk-dim-hung-paan Kurapu Lapu-lapu 三斑石斑魚 三斑石斑鱼 石斑 过鱼 鲙 鬼頭斑 Epinephelus fario (non Thunberg, 1793) Serranus ara Temminck & Schlegel, 1842 Serranus trimaculatus Valenciennes, 1828 Serranus ura Valenciennes, 1828 1993-02-12 2013-10-22 Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter0 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171) Eschmeyer, W.N.0 Catalog of the genera of recent fishes. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, USA. 697 p. 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Eco-Education and Resources Centre (Ref. 128523) Cornish, A.S.0 The reef fish species of the Cape D' Aguilar Marine Reserve, Hoi Ha Wan Marine Park, Yan Chau Tong Marine Park and Ping Chau, Hong Kong. pp. 369-382 In B. Morton (ed.) The Marine Flora and Fauna of Hong Kong and Southern China V, Proceedings of the Tenth International Marine Biological Workshop, Hong Kong, 6-26 April 1998. Hong Kong University Press. (Ref. 129329) Lai, N.-W.0 Hong Kong market marine fish. Original title: 香港街市海魚圖鑑. Hua Qianshu Publishing Co., Ltd., p. 440. (Ref. 129440) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-pic-7368-9644 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1996-03-04 2010-10-06 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7368 http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Eptri_u0.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Eptri_u0.jpg FB-pic-7368-11484 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1996-07-05 1996-07-05 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7368 http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Eptri_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Eptri_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-7368 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1993-02-12 00:00:00 2013-10-22 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7368 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Juveniles are common in tide pools and in shallow clear water around rocks and coral reefs; adults found in deeper water. Kuo et al. (1988, Ref. 6826) induced sex reversal and artificial spawning (referred to as 'Epinephelus fario'). Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) FB-DiagnosticDescr-7368 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rodolfo B. Reyes 1994-06-15 00:00:00 2013-10-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7368 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Preopercle rounded; serrae mostly hidden by skin; upper edge of operculum straight; nostrils small, subequal; maxilla reaches to or beyond vertical at rear edge of the eye. Area behind pectoral-fin tip with a patch of ctenoid scales in juveniles. Color is pale brown with small red or reddish brown spots. Fins darker, also covered with spots and often with a narrow white edge. A black blotch is at the base of the last 3 dorsal-fin spines, a smaller blotch at the base of the middle dorsal-fin rays, and a third on top of the caudal peduncle. Distinguished further by the following characteristics: body depth contained 2.7-3.3 times in SL; head length 2.4-2.6 times in SL; slightly convex interorbital area; small anterior and posterior nostrils, subequal; maxilla reaches to or past vertical at rear edge of eye; 2 rows of teeth on midlateral part of lower jaw (Ref. 89707). Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) FB-Morphology-7368 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rodolfo B. Reyes 1994-06-15 00:00:00 2013-10-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7368 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Dorsal spines (total): 11; Dorsal soft rays (total): 16 - 17; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 8 Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) FB-Distribution-7368 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1993-02-12 00:00:00 2021-11-16 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7368 Northwest Pacific: southern Japan, Korea, Taiwan, and China. Reports of the species (under the valid name or as Epinephelus fario) from the Indian Ocean are apparently based on misidentifications. Heemstra, P.C. and J.E. Randall 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 16. Groupers of the world (family Serranidae, subfamily Epinephelinae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the grouper, rockcod, hind, coral grouper and lyretail species known to date. Rome: FAO. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(16):382 p. (Ref. 5222) FB-Uses-7368 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1993-02-12 00:00:00 2013-10-22 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7368 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size fisheries: commercial; aquaculture: experimental Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter 1994 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171) FB-TrophicStrategy-7368 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Drina Sta. Iglesia 2001-06-05 00:00:00 2001-06-08 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public trimaculatus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Juveniles are common in tidepools and in shallow clear water around rocks and coral reefs; adults found in deeper water (Ref. 5222). Also in Ref. 9137. Masuda, H. and G.R. Allen 1993 Meeresfische der Welt - Groß-Indopazifische Region. Tetra Verlag, Herrenteich, Melle. 528 p. (Ref. 9137) FB-Size-7368 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1993-02-12 00:00:00 2013-10-22 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7368 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat 50.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 89707)) Craig, M.T., YJ. Sadovy de Mitcheson and P.C. Heemstra 2011 Groupers of the world: a field and market guide. North America: CRC Press/Taylor and Francis Group, xix, 356 p., A47 pages appendix. (Ref. 89707) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-7368 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Estelita Emily Capuli 1993-02-12 00:00:00 2013-10-22 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7368 reef-associated; marine; depth range 0 - 30 m (Ref. 89707) Craig, M.T., YJ. Sadovy de Mitcheson and P.C. Heemstra 2011 Groupers of the world: a field and market guide. North America: CRC Press/Taylor and Francis Group, xix, 356 p., A47 pages appendix. (Ref. 89707)