FB-7634 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7634 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Tetraodontiformes Balistidae Melichthys Melichthys indicus Randall & Klausewitz, 1973 Porco cangulo Indiese snellervis Gerboban Himarah al bahar al hindiah Indisk aftrækkerfisk Indischer Drückerfisch Black finned triggerfish Black triggerfish Indian triggerfish India ogaturi Baliste à nageoires noires Baliste indien Pesce balestra Indo-yo-mongara Bourse manène Chicanda niancoiche Kalhu rondu 印度角鱗魨 印度角鳞鲀 Melichthys ringens (non Osbeck, 1765) Melichtys indicus Randall & Klausewitz, 1973 1993-03-16 2008-07-22 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Smith, M.M. and P.C. Heemstra0 Balistidae. p. 876-882. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4420) Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517) Edwards, A.J. and A.D. Shepherd0 Environmental implications of aquarium-fish collection in the Maldives, with proposals for regulation. Environ. Conserv. 19:61-72. (Ref. 4907) Fischer, W., I. Sousa, C. Silva, A. de Freitas, J.M. Poutiers, W. Schneider, T.C. Borges, J.P. Feral and A. Massinga0 Fichas FAO de identificaçao de espécies para actividades de pesca. Guia de campo das espécies comerciais marinhas e de águas salobras de Moçambique. Publicaçao preparada em collaboraçao com o Instituto de Investigaçao Pesquiera de Moçambique, com financiamento do Projecto PNUD/FAO MOZ/86/030 e de NORAD. Roma, FAO. 1990. 424 p. (Ref. 5213) Cornic, A.0 Poissons de l'Île Maurice. 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(Ref. 137577) FB-pic-7634-4749 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1995-06-22 2010-07-09 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7634 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Meind_u1.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Meind_u1.jpg FB-pic-7634-11853 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1996-08-30 2000-04-12 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7634 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Meind_u1.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Meind_u1.gif FB-pic-7634-20896 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1999-05-18 2000-04-12 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7634 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology South; (transforming) http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Meind_u0.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Meind_u0.jpg FB-pic-7634-20897 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/jpeg John E. Randall 1999-05-18 2000-11-25 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7634 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Meind_u2.jpg http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/jpg/tn_Meind_u2.jpg FB-GeneralDescr-7634 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1993-03-16 00:00:00 2008-07-22 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7634 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Inhabits coral-rich seaward reef slopes (Ref. 9710, 48637). Occurs singly (Ref. 9710). Digs holes below coral bases for shelter (Ref. 48637). Feeds on sponges, algae, crustaceans and small invertebrates (Ref. 5503). Caught with artisanal gear (Ref. 30573). Minimum depth from Ref. 58018. Smith, M.M. and P.C. Heemstra 1986 Balistidae. p. 876-882. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4420) FB-DiagnosticDescr-7634 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1997-03-03 00:00:00 2013-05-06 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7634 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Narrow white margin round caudal fin; live specimens bluish or violet (Ref. 4420).Description: Characterized further by dark greyish-black head and body color; fins jet black in color; base of dorsal and anal fins with white band; front of eye with deep groove; corner of mouth to lower end of gill opening with 27-31 head scale rows; body scale rows from upper end of gill opening to caudal fin base 60-70; not prominent longitudinal ridges following scale rows of posterior body; truncate to slightly rounded caudal fin (Ref. 90102). Smith, M.M. and P.C. Heemstra 1986 Balistidae. p. 876-882. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4420) FB-Morphology-7634 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Cristina V. Garilao 1997-03-03 00:00:00 2013-05-06 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7634 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Dorsal spines (total): 3; Dorsal soft rays (total): 30 - 35; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 27 - 30 Smith, M.M. and P.C. Heemstra 1986 Balistidae. p. 876-882. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4420) FB-Distribution-7634 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1993-03-16 00:00:00 2025-11-05 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7634 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Indian Ocean: Red Sea and East Africa eastward to western Thailand and Indonesia. Matsuura, K. 2015 Taxonomy and systematics of tetraodontiform fishes: a review focusing primarily on progress in the period from 1980 to 2014. Ichthyol. Res. 62(1):72-113. (Ref. 97685) FB-Uses-7634 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1993-03-16 00:00:00 2008-07-22 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7634 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution fisheries: commercial; aquarium: commercial Edwards, A.J. and A.D. Shepherd 1992 Environmental implications of aquarium-fish collection in the Maldives, with proposals for regulation. Environ. Conserv. 19:61-72. (Ref. 4907) FB-LifeCycle-7634 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1993-03-16 00:00:00 2008-07-22 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=7634&StockCode=7942 Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-TrophicStrategy-7634 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Drina Sta. Iglesia 2000-11-22 00:00:00 2008-03-14 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public indicus http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Inhabits coral-rich seaward reef slopes. Occurs singly. Feeds on sponges, algae, crustaceans and small invertebrates. Smith, M.M. and P.C. Heemstra 1986 Balistidae. p. 876-882. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4420) FB-Size-7634 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1993-03-16 00:00:00 2008-07-22 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7634 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats 25.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 4420)) Smith, M.M. and P.C. Heemstra 1986 Balistidae. p. 876-882. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4420) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-7634 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1993-03-16 00:00:00 2008-07-22 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7634 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution reef-associated; marine; depth range 1 - 30 m (Ref. 9710) Lieske, E. and R. Myers 1994 Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Haper Collins Publishers, 400 p. (Ref. 9710)