FB-7697 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7697 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Scombriformes Gempylidae Rexea Rexea prometheoides (Bleeker, 1856) Escolar real Northern gemfish Prometheus gemfish Royal escolar Royal gemfish Silver gemfish Southern kingfish Escolier royal Escolier tifiati Kagokamasu Kago-kamasu T'ong-ch'i 통치 Eskolar raja Prometeeva reksiya Cá Thu hố Escolar real Duǎn shé qīng 梭伦予 梭伦魣 梭倫予 梭倫魣 短梭 短蛇鯖 短蛇鲭 Jordanidia prometheoides (Bleeker, 1856) Jordanidia raptoria Snyder, 1911 Rexea promethoides (Bleeker, 1856) Rexea solandri (non Cuvier, 1832) Reyea prometheoides (Bleeker, 1856) Thyrsites prometheoides Bleeker, 1856 1993-03-22 1999-07-17 Coppola, S.R., W. Fischer, L. Garibaldi, N. Scialabba and K.E. Carpenter0 SPECIESDAB: Global species database for fishery purposes. User's manual. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No. 9. Rome, FAO. 103 p. (Ref. 171) Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino0 The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559) Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development0 Multilingual dictionary of fish and fish products. Fishing News Books, Oxford. (Ref. 3383) Nakamura, I.0 Gempylidae. p. 825-829. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 4408) Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) FAO0 FAO yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 70: 1990. FAO Fish. Ser. 38:647 p. (Ref. 4931) Shen, S.C. (ed.)0 Fishes of Taiwan. Department of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei. 960 p. (Ref. 5193) Fischer, W., I. Sousa, C. Silva, A. de Freitas, J.M. Poutiers, W. Schneider, T.C. Borges, J.P. Feral and A. Massinga0 Fichas FAO de identificaçao de espécies para actividades de pesca. Guia de campo das espécies comerciais marinhas e de águas salobras de Moçambique. Publicaçao preparada em collaboraçao com o Instituto de Investigaçao Pesquiera de Moçambique, com financiamento do Projecto PNUD/FAO MOZ/86/030 e de NORAD. Roma, FAO. 1990. 424 p. (Ref. 5213) Paulin, C., A. Stewart, C. Roberts and P. McMillan0 New Zealand fish: a complete guide. National Museum of New Zealand Miscellaneous Series No. 19. 279 p. (Ref. 5755) Gloerfelt-Tarp, T. and P.J. Kailola0 Trawled fishes of southern Indonesia and northwestern Australia. Australian Development Assistance Bureau, Australia, Directorate General of Fishes, Indonesia, and German Agency for Technical Cooperation, Federal Republic of Germany. 407 p. (Ref. 5978) Nakamura, I. and N.V. Parin0 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 15. Snake mackerels and cutlassfishes of the world (families Gempylidae and Trichiuridae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the snake mackerels, snoeks, escolars, gemfishes, sackfishes, domine, oilfish, cutlassfishes,. scabbardfishes, hairtails, and frostfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(15):136 p. (Ref. 6181) Carpenter, K.0 List of FAO names in the yearbook found inconsistent with FIRM's Species Identification and Data Programme publications and other primary sources. pers. comm. FIDI-FIRM List, FAO, Rome. (Ref. 7439) Nakamura, I. and N.V. Parin0 Gempylidae. Snake mackerels. p. 3698-3708. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 6. Bony fishes part 4 (Labridae to Latimeriidae), estuarine crocodiles. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9784) Okiyama, M.0 An atlas of the early stage fishes in Japan. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 1154 p. (Ref. 9902) Yamada, U., S. Shirai, T. Irie, M. Tokimura, S. Deng, Y. Zheng, C. Li, Y.U. Kim and Y.S. Kim0 Names and illustrations of fishes from the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea. Overseas Fishery Cooperation Foundation, Tokyo, Japan. 288 p. (Ref. 11230) Randall, J.E. and C. Anderson0 Annotated checklist of the epipelagic and shore fishes of the Maldives Islands. Ichthyol. Bull. of the J.L.B. Smith Inst. of Ichthyol. (59):1-47. (Ref. 11303) Kyushin, K., K. Amaoka, K. Nakaya, H. Ida, Y. Tanino and T. Senta0 Fishes of the South China Sea. Japan Marine Fishery Resource Research Center, Nori Otsuru, Tokyo, Japan. 333 p. (Ref. 12517) Japan International Cooperation Agency0 The fisheries resources survey in Fiji and Tuvalu. Figures and tables. Japan International Cooperation Agency, April 1987. (Ref. 12596) Pauly, D., R. Froese and J.S. Albert0 The BRAINS table. p. 195-198. In R. Froese and D. Pauly (eds.) FishBase 98: concepts, design and data sources. ICLARM, Manila, Philippines. 298 p. (Ref. 30504) Sommer, C., W. Schneider and J.-M. Poutiers0 FAO species identification field guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of Somalia. FAO, Rome. 376 p. (Ref. 30573) Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982) Roberts, C.D. and A.L. Stewart0 Gemfishes (Scombroidei, Gempylidae, <i>Rexea</i>) of New Caledonia, southwest Pacific Ocean, with description of a new species. No. 7. In Séret, B. (ed.), Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM, v. 17. Mem. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. (MMNHN), 174:125-141. (Ref. 33346) Anonymous0 The icthyological collection of the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). Division of Ichthyology and Herpetology, Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). (Ref. 35508) Randall, J.E. and K.K.P. Lim (eds.)0 A checklist of the fishes of the South China Sea. Raffles Bull. Zool. Suppl. (8):569-667. (Ref. 36648) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, South Africa. (Ref. 36670) Monkolprasit, S., S. Sontirat, S. Vimollohakarn and T. Songsirikul0 Checklist of Fishes in Thailand. Office of Environmental Policy and Planning, Bangkok, Thailand. 353 p. (Ref. 37773) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. (Ref. 40919) Shao, K.-T., J.-P. Chen, P.-H. Kao and C.-Y. Wu0 Fish fauna and their geographical distribution along the western coast of Taiwan. Acata Zoologica Taiwanica 4(2):113-140. (Ref. 43515) U.P. Visayas Foundation0 Resource and ecological assessment of Ormoc Bay. Vol.5. The fisheries of Ormoc Bay. Institute of Marine Fisheries and Oceanology Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources. IMFO Tech. Rep. No.15. (Ref. 45205) Kapoor, D., R. Dayal and A.G. Ponniah0 Fish biodiversity of India. National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources Lucknow, India.775 p. (Ref. 45255) Huang, Z.0 Marine species and their distribution in China's seas. p. 404-463. Vertebrata. Smithsonian Institution, Florida, USA. 598 p. (Ref. 47843) Thomas, J., S. Venu and B.M. Kurup0 Length-weight relationship of some deep-sea fish inhabiting the continental slope beyond 250m depth along the west coast of India. Naga, ICLARM Q. 26(2):17-21. (Ref. 49326) Richer de Forges, B.0 Electronic database of ORSTOM sampling on the Norfolk Ridge. ORSTOM. (Ref. 50734) Ohshimo, S.0 Spatial distribution and biomass of pelagic fish in the East China Sea in summer, based on acoustic surveys from 1997 to 2001. Fish. Sci. 70:389-400. (Ref. 52947) Letourneur, Y., P. Chabanet, P. Durville, M. Taquet, E. Teissier, M. Parmentier, J.-C. Quéro and K. Pothin0 An updated checklist of the marine fish fauna of Reunion Island, south-western Indian Ocean. Cybium 28(3):199-216. (Ref. 53568) Nghia, N.V.0 Fishes of Viet Nam. Unpublished compilation of Nguyen Viet Nghia. (Ref. 55784) Chinese Academy of Fishery Science (CAFS)0 Database of genetic resources of aquatic organisms in China (as of January 2007). Chinese Academy of Fishery Science. (Ref. 57879) Baissac, J. de B.0 SWIOP/WP/54 - Checklist of the marine fishes of Mauritius. RAF/87/008/WP/54/90 Regional Project for the Development & Management of Fisheries in the Southwest Indian Ocean. (Ref. 58078) Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108) Romanov, E.V. and V.V. Zamorov0 Regional feeding patterns of the Longnose Lancetfish (<i>Alepisaurus ferox</i> Lowe, 1833) of the Western Indian Ocean. Western Indian Ocean J. Mar. Sci. 6(1):37-56. (Ref. 75027) Hoese, D.F., D.J. Bray, J.R. Paxton and G.R. Allen0 Fishes. In Beasley, O.L. and A. Wells (eds.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volume 35 Australia: ABRS & CSIRO Publishing, 2178 p. (Ref. 75154) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis, 29 April 2008. (Ref. 75549) Kim, I.S., Y. Choi, C.L. Lee, Y.J. Lee, B.J. Kim and J.H. Kim0 Illustrated book of Korean fishes. Kyo-Hak Pub Co. Seoul. 615p. (in Korean). (Ref. 77001) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882) Department of Fisheries Malaysia0 Valid local name of Malaysian marine fishes. Department of Fisheries Malaysia. Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-based Industry. 180 p. (Ref. 85449) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110) Patzner, R.A.0 Reproductive strategies of fish. pp. 311-350. In Rocha, M.J., A. Arukwe and B.G. Kapoor (eds). Fish reproduction: cytology, biology and ecology. Science Publisher, Inc. Oxford. 631 p. (Ref. 101194) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272) Tsuboi, M., W. van der Bijl, B.T. Kopperud, J. Erritzoe, K.L. Voje, A. Kotrschal, K.E. Yopak, S.P. Collin, A.N. Iwaniuk and N. Kolm0 Breakdown of brain-body allometry and the encephalization of birds and mammals. Nat. Ecol. Evol. 2:1495-1500. (Ref. 118717) Kato, M., Y. Kawano and M. Kanaiwa0 Length-weight relations of underutilized nine fish species (Actinopterygii) from set-net fishery, Mie, Japan. Acta Ichthyol. Et. Pisc. 54. (Ref. 131261) Price, S.A., S.T. Friedman, K.A. Corn, O. Larouche, K. Brockelsby, A.J. Lee, M. Nagaraj, N.G. Bertrand, M. Danao, M.C. Coyne, J.R. Estrada, R. Friedman, E. Hoeft, M. Iwan, D. Gross, J.H. Kao, B. Landry, M.J. Linares, C. McGlinn and …0 FishShapes v1: Functionally relevant measurements of teleost shape and size on three dimensions. Ecology 103(e3829):1-2. (Ref. 137577) FB-pic-7697-4446 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/StillImage image/gif FAO 1995-06-02 1998-12-14 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported License. Image can be freely copied and altered but may be used only for non-commercial purposes. Original author and source must be properly acknowledged http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7697 http://www.fishbase.us/images/species/Repro_u0.gif http://www.fishbase.us/images/thumbnails/gif/tn_Repro_u0.gif FB-GeneralDescr-7697 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1993-03-22 00:00:00 1999-07-17 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7697 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Feeds on fishes, crustaceans, and cephalopods (Ref. 5213, 9784). Utilized as a food fish food (Ref. 4537). Nakamura, I. and N.V. Parin 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 15. Snake mackerels and cutlassfishes of the world (families Gempylidae and Trichiuridae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the snake mackerels, snoeks, escolars, gemfishes, sackfishes, domine, oilfish, cutlassfishes,. scabbardfishes, hairtails, and frostfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(15):136 p. (Ref. 6181) FB-DiagnosticDescr-7697 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rodolfo B. Reyes 1994-02-28 00:00:00 2004-08-26 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7697 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Lateral line branching below the 4th to the 5th spine of the first dorsal fin; the upper branch reaching the middle to end of the second dorsal-fin base; the lower branch running mid laterally. Body naked except for a large scaly patch extending around the posterior portion of the lower lateral line. The pelvic fin is represented by a single spine in smaller specimens but is entirely absent in specimens over 18 - 20 cm SL. Body color is grayish with silvery tint; the fins hyaline except for the black blotch on the fin membranes between the first and the third first dorsal spines. Nakamura, I. and N.V. Parin 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 15. Snake mackerels and cutlassfishes of the world (families Gempylidae and Trichiuridae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the snake mackerels, snoeks, escolars, gemfishes, sackfishes, domine, oilfish, cutlassfishes,. scabbardfishes, hairtails, and frostfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(15):136 p. (Ref. 6181) FB-Morphology-7697 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rodolfo B. Reyes 1994-02-28 00:00:00 2004-08-26 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7697 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Dorsal spines (total): 19 - 20; Dorsal soft rays (total): 14 - 17; Analspines: 2; Analsoft rays: 12 - 15; Vertebrae: 34 Nakamura, I. and N.V. Parin 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 15. Snake mackerels and cutlassfishes of the world (families Gempylidae and Trichiuridae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the snake mackerels, snoeks, escolars, gemfishes, sackfishes, domine, oilfish, cutlassfishes,. scabbardfishes, hairtails, and frostfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(15):136 p. (Ref. 6181) FB-Distribution-7697 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1993-03-22 00:00:00 2025-04-14 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7697 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Indo-West Pacific: off Mozambique, Kenya, Reunion, Saya de Malha Bank, north Australia, Indonesia, Viet Nam, Philippines, Ryukyu Islands, and southern Japan. Reported from Fiji and Tuvalu (Ref. 12596). Nakamura, I. and N.V. Parin 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 15. Snake mackerels and cutlassfishes of the world (families Gempylidae and Trichiuridae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the snake mackerels, snoeks, escolars, gemfishes, sackfishes, domine, oilfish, cutlassfishes,. scabbardfishes, hairtails, and frostfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(15):136 p. (Ref. 6181) FB-Uses-7697 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1993-03-22 00:00:00 1999-07-17 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7697 fisheries: commercial FAO 1992 FAO yearbook. Fishery statistics: catches and landings. Vol. 70: 1990. FAO Fish. Ser. 38:647 p. (Ref. 4931) FB-TrophicStrategy-7697 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Drina Sta. Iglesia 2000-11-23 00:00:00 2008-05-27 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ prometheoides Feeds on fishes, crustaceans, and cephalopods (Ref. 5213, 9784). Nakamura, I. and N.V. Parin 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 15. Snake mackerels and cutlassfishes of the world (families Gempylidae and Trichiuridae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the snake mackerels, snoeks, escolars, gemfishes, sackfishes, domine, oilfish, cutlassfishes,. scabbardfishes, hairtails, and frostfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(15):136 p. (Ref. 6181) FB-Size-7697 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1993-03-22 00:00:00 1999-07-17 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7697 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats 40.0 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 6181)) Nakamura, I. and N.V. Parin 1993 FAO Species Catalogue. Vol. 15. Snake mackerels and cutlassfishes of the world (families Gempylidae and Trichiuridae). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of the snake mackerels, snoeks, escolars, gemfishes, sackfishes, domine, oilfish, cutlassfishes,. scabbardfishes, hairtails, and frostfishes known to date. FAO Fish. Synop. 125(15):136 p. (Ref. 6181) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-7697 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1993-03-22 00:00:00 1999-07-17 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=7697 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription benthopelagic; marine; depth range 135 - 540 m (Ref. 9784) Nakamura, I. and N.V. Parin 2001 Gempylidae. Snake mackerels. p. 3698-3708. In K.E. Carpenter and V. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the Western Central Pacific. Vol. 6. Bony fishes part 4 (Labridae to Latimeriidae), estuarine crocodiles. FAO, Rome. (Ref. 9784)