FB-8718 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8718 Animalia Chordata Petromyzonti Petromyzontiformes Petromyzontidae Caspiomyzon Caspiomyzon wagneri (Kessler, 1870) Mahi Dahangerd Daryacheh-ye Khazar Mar Mahi Mar Mahi Dahangerd Marmahi-e-Dahanguerd-e-Daryaye Khazar Minóg kaspijski Kaspisk lampret Caspian lamprey Volga lamprey Kaspiasutt Lamproie caspienne Kaspiiskaya minoga ili volzhskaya minoga каспийская минога минога каспийская Kaspiskt nejonöga مارماهي ماهي دهان گرد Agnathomyzon caspicus Gratzianov, 1907 Agnathomyzon wagneri (Kessler, 1870) Petromyzon wagneri Kessler, 1870 1994-01-22 2024-01-29 Berg, L.S.0 Freshwater fishes of the U.S.S.R. and adjacent countries. volume 1, 4th edition. Israel Program for Scientific Translations Ltd, Jerusalem. (Russian version published 1948). (Ref. 593) Hureau, J.-C.0 La base de données GICIM: Gestion informatisée des collections ichthyologiques du Muséum. p. 225-227. In Atlas Préliminaire des Poissons d'Eau Douce de France. Conseil Supérieur de la Pêche, Ministère de l'Environnement, CEMAGREF et Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. (Ref. 4517) Robins, C.R., R.M. Bailey, C.E. Bond, J.R. Brooker, E.A. Lachner, R.N. Lea and W.B. Scott0 World fishes important to North Americans. Exclusive of species from the continental waters of the United States and Canada. Am. Fish. Soc. Spec. Publ. (21):243 p. (Ref. 4537) Grabda, E. and T. Heese0 Polskie nazewnictwo popularne kraglouste i ryby. Cyclostomata et Pisces. Wyzsza Szkola Inzynierska w Koszalinie. Koszalin, Poland. 171 p. (in Polish). (Ref. 6313) Fritzsch, B. and P. Moller0 A history of electroreception. p. 39-55. In P. Moller (ed.) Electric fishes:history and behavior. Fish and Fisheries Series 17. Chapman & Hall, London. (Ref. 10311) Holcík, J.0 <i>Caspiomyzon wagneri</i> (Kessler, 1870). p. 119-142. In J. Holcik (ed.) The Freshwater fishes of Europe. Vol.1, Part I, Petromyzontiformes. (Ref. 12275) FAO0 FAO database on introduced aquatic species. FAO Database on Introduced Aquatic Species, FAO, Rome. (Ref. 13686) Reshetnikov, Y.S., N.G. Bogutskaya, E.D. Vasil'eva, E.A. Dorofeeva, A.M. Naseka, O.A. Popova, K.A. Savvaitova, V.G. Sideleva and L.I. Sokolov0 An annotated check-list of the freshwater fishes of Russia. J. Ichthyol. 37(9):687-736. (Ref. 26334) McAllister, D.E.0 A working list of fishes of the world. Copies available from D.E. McAllister, Canadian Museum of Nature, P.O. Box 3443, Ottawa, Ontario K1P 6P4, Canada. 2661 p. plus 1270 p. Index. (Ref. 27116) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). Natural History Museum, London (formerly British Museum of Natural History (BMNH)). (Ref. 31982) Agamaliev, A.S.0 Lichinochnyi period shizni kaspiiskoi minogi <i>Caspiomyzon wagneri</i> (Kessler). Trudy VNIRO 36:139-148. (Ref. 34476) Abdurakhmanov, Y.A.0 Ryby presnykh vod Azerbaidjana [Freshwater Fishes of Azerbaidzhan]. Izd. Akad. Nauk Azerb. SSR, Baku. 407 p. (Ref. 35120) Dyuzhikov, A.T.0 O biologii i promysle volzhskoi minogi. Uchënnye zapiski Saratovsk. Gosuniv. Im. N. G. Chernyshevskogo, vyp. Biol. 51:87-101. (Ref. 35121) Ginsburg, Y.I.0 Nerestovaya populatsiya minogi <i>Caspiomyzon wagneri</i> (Kessler) posle zaregulirovaniya r. Volgi plotinoi Volgogradskoi GES. Vopr. Ikhtiol. 9:1022-1031. (Ref. 35122) Pravdin, I.F.0 Nablyudeniya nad kaspiiskoi minogoi (<i>Caspiomyzon wagneri</i> Kessler) vesnoi 1912 goda. Trudy Ikhtiol. lab. Uprav. Kasp.-volzh. Ryb. i tyul. promyshl. Astrakhan 2:1-17. (Ref. 35124) Pravdin, I.F.0 Osennii khod minogi (<i>Caspiomyzon wagneri</i> Kessler) iz Kaspiiskogo morya v reku Volgu. Trudy Ikhtiol. lab. Uprav. Kasp.-volzh. Ryb. i tyul. promyshl. Astrakhan 2:19-40. (Ref. 35125) Anonymous0 The icthyological collection of the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). Division of Ichthyology and Herpetology, Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). (Ref. 35508) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution-Division of Fishes. (Ref. 38732) Anonymous0 Fish collection database of the Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. Zoological Museum, University of Copenhagen. (Ref. 40919) Bogutskaya, N.G. and A.M. Naseka0 An overview of nonindigenous fishes in inland waters of Russia. Proc. Zool. Inst. Russ. Acad. Sci. 296:21-30. (Ref. 45022) Bogutskaya, N.G.0 Common names of Russian freshwater fishes. Spreadsheet with cyrillic names made available for inclusion in FishBase. Unpublished. (Ref. 45043) Anonymous0 Fish collection of the Royal Ontario Museum. Royal Ontario Museum. (Ref. 47438) Iranian Fisheries Company and Iranian Fisheries Research Organization0 Fishes of the Caspian Sea (Iranian waters). Poster. Tehran, Iran. (Ref. 47532) Coad, B.W.0 Freshwater fishes of Iran: checklists of Farsi names. Retrieved July 16, 2003, from http://www.purethrottle.com/briancoad/checklists/farsinameslist.htm (Ref. 47866) Ricker, W.E.0 Russian-English dictionary for students of fisheries and aquatic biology. Fisheries Research Board of Canada, Ottawa. (Ref. 48321) Riede, K.0 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) Carl, H.0 Danish fish names. Zoological Museum of Copenhagen. Unpublished. (Ref. 51471) Levin, B.A. and J. Holcik0 New data on the geographic distribution and ecology of the Ukrainian brook lamprey <i>Eudontomyzon mariae</i> (Berg, 1931). Folia Zool. 55(3):282-286. (Ref. 58030) Bogutskaya, N.G. and A.M. Naseka0 REGIONAL CHECK-LISTS: Volga River Drainage Area. In Website and Database: "Freshwater Fishes of Russia": A Source of Information on the Current State of the Fauna. Zoological Institute RAS. (Ref. 58297) Fricke, R., M. Bilecenoglu and H.M. Sari0 Annotated checklist of fish and lamprey species (Gnathostoma and Petromyzontomorphi) of Turkey, including a Red List of threatened and declining species. Stuttgarter Beitr. Naturk. Sea A (706):1-172. (Ref. 58342) Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof0 Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis, 29 April 2008. (Ref. 75549) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882) Renaud, C.B.0 Lampreys of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lamprey species known to date. FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes. No. 5. Rome, FAO. 109 pp. (Ref. 89241) Lang, N.J., K.J. Roe, C.B. Renaud, H.S. Gill, I.C. Potter, J. Freyhof, A.M. Naseka, P. Cochran, H.E. Pérez, E.M. Habit, B.R. Kuhajda, D.A. Neely, Y.S. Reshetnikov, V.B. Salnikov, M.Th. Stoumboudi and R.L. Mayden0 Novel relationships among lampreys (Petromyzontiformes) revealed by a taxonomically comprehensive molecular data set. Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. 72:41-55. (Ref. 89370) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110) Pihu, E.0 Loomade elu 4. köide. Kalad. Pihu, E. 1979. Loomade Elu, 4. Köide, Kalad. Valgus, Tallinn. (Ref. 105472) Çiçek, E., R. Fricke and S.S. Birecikligil0 Freshwater fishes of Turkey: a revised and updated annotated checklist. Biharean Biologist 9(2):141-157. (Ref. 106151) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en (accessed 08/06/2017). (Ref. 115257) FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from htttps://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en [accessed May, 2018] (Ref. 118272) Salas, C.A., K.E. Yopak, T.J. Lisney, I.C. Potter and S.P. Collin0 The central nervous system of jawless vertebrates: encephalization in lampreys and hagfishes. Brain Behav. Evol. (Ref. 118521) Beolens, B., M. Grayson and M. Watkins0 Eponym dictionary of Fishes. Dunbeath, Caithness (Scotland, UK): Whittles Publishing Limited, 1300 p. (Ref. 128868) IUCN0 The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1964 - onwards. https://www.iucnredlist.org/ (Ref. 130435) FB-GeneralDescr-8718 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1994-01-22 00:00:00 2024-01-29 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8718 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Non-parasitic (Ref. 59043). Ammocoetes burrow 1-2 cm deep in substrates containing sand, clay, and detritus, in areas with slow current, and at water depths 0.3-22 m; also on surface of substrate among macrophytes and submerged wood. Metamorphosing individuals occur in areas with faster current, devoid of macrophytes, and in deeper water. Adults in rivers and marine waters; in shallow lakes in flood plain of the Volga River delta. Larval life is 3 years in the Volga River Basin and 2-4 years in the Kura River Basin. Ammocoetes feed on diatoms and detritus; feeding activity highest in summer, lowest in the winter. Metamorphosis begins in mid-July in the Volga River (Russian Federation); end of August to early September in the Kura River (Azerbaijan); and October in Iran (Islamic Republic of). Metamorphosing ammocoetes do not feed. Anadromous. Adult life at least 17 months. Indications that adults feed as scavengers or might feed on demersal fish eggs or on some invertebrates; feeding habits still subject of speculation since their teeth are blunt, yet their intestine remains functional and they grow considerably post-metamorphosis. Adults on their spawning run will attach, particularly in the opercular region, to likewise upstream-migrating winter form of brown sea trout (Salmo trutta caspius). Prespawning adults in the Kama River, Russian Federation, serve as a host for unionid glochidia, which attach to its gills. Spawning run is nocturnal; up the Kura River in November-February and Volga River, mid-September-March. Upstream migrants swim near the surface on dark nights and close to the river bottom on moonlit nights. During the day, they stay among stones on the bottom. Max. distance traveled, 1,500 km for larger individuals. Swimming speed, 2-16 km/day. Beginning migration, fat content of adult as high as 34% by body weight, terminating on spawning grounds with as low as 1-2% by body weight, at first concealing themselves amongst stones or burrow into the substrate, and later, swim and periodically break the water’s surface with their heads. Spawning in mid-March to mid-July over sandy and rocky substrate, at water temperatures 15-23 ˚C. Spawning grounds along the entire courses of the Volga and Kura rivers from estuaries to the upper reaches historically, and to man-made reservoirs presently. Redds are constructed by both sexes in sand and gravel substrates, usually in shallow waters. Fecundity, 14,000-60,000 eggs/female. Ammocoetes hatch 8-10 days after fertilization at lengths of 0.33-0.42 cm. Three to four days after hatching, yolk sac is almost completely absorbed. Volga River fishery carried out in both the spring and autumn, with over 75% of the catch occurring in autumn. Between 1910 and 1913 inclusively, from 16,900,000 to 33,400,000 Caspian Lamprey were harvested annually. Kura River fishery catches compiled in five-year increments from 1881 to 1935 with lowest record of 11,000 lamprey for the period 1891-1895 and highest of 612,000 lamprey for the period 1911-1915; 213,000 annual lamprey catch in 1936 and 304,000 in 1937; lipid content is 30.3% of the body weight. Prior to 1868, the catch was dried and used as a substitute for candles, and after 1868, it was harvested as food for humans. The caloric value for Caspian Lamprey is 3.4 kcal/g wet weight. Water regulation projects on the Volga and Kura rivers with deleterious effects on the abundance of Caspian Lamprey, preventing access to areas above the Volgograd and Mingechaur reservoirs, respectively, that it is no longer considered a commercially important species. There are reports of intoxication through eating this species (Ref. 89241). Holcík, J. 1986 <i>Caspiomyzon wagneri</i> (Kessler, 1870). p. 119-142. In J. Holcik (ed.) The Freshwater fishes of Europe. Vol.1, Part I, Petromyzontiformes. (Ref. 12275) FB-DiagnosticDescr-8718 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 2007-10-12 21:20:50 2013-10-23 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8718 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Adult: 19.0-55.3 cm TL; max. body wet weight, 206 g; body proportions, as percentage of TL (based on 129 specimens measuring 30.5-53.0 cm TL): 8.7-12.1 prebranchial length, 7.7-11.0 branchial length, 43.6-57.6 trunk length (derived by deduction; represents a maximum possible range), 26-33 tail length, 0.8-2.2 eye length and 2.4-4.5 disc length; intestinal diameter in prespawning individuals has a mean of 0.27 cm and in spawning individuals a mean of 0.14 cm; urogenital papilla length (percentage of branchial length in 5 spawning males 30.1-34.4 cm TL), 14.3-21.2; trunk myomeres, 63-66. Adult dentition: supraoral lamina, one unicuspid (sometimes bicuspid) tooth; infraoral lamina, 4-6, usually 5, unicuspid teeth, but sometimes the lateralmost ones are bicuspid; 4 endolaterals on each side; endolateral formula, typically 1-1-1-1; 3-5 rows of anterials; first row of anterials, 3 unicuspid teeth; 8 rows of exolaterals on each side; 3 rows of posterials; first row of posterials, 11 unicuspid teeth; transverse lingual lamina straight, 5-8 unicuspid teeth, the median one not enlarged; longitudinal lingual laminae with undetermined number of unicuspid teeth. Velar tentacles in adults, 3, long and bearing papillae; body coloration in prespawning adults, dark gray on dorsal and lateral aspects and silvery white ventrally; spawning adults are black on dorsal and lateral aspects and gray with dark oval spots ventrally; color of eggs in prespawning females, light gray or yellow, while in spawning females is bluish-green; lateral line neuromasts unpigmented; caudal fin pigmentation unrecorded; caudal fin shape, spade-like; oral fimbriae, 93-115; oral papillae, 24-31(Ref. 89241). Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof 2007 Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043) FB-Morphology-8718 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 2007-10-12 21:20:50 2013-10-23 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8718 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Dorsal spines (total): 0; Dorsal soft rays (total): 0 Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof 2007 Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043) FB-Distribution-8718 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1994-01-22 00:00:00 2025-11-05 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8718 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription Eurasia: endemic to the Caspian Sea drainage. Construction projects along the rivers entering the Caspian Sea have had a very negative impact. Very rare now in the Volga river (Ref. 12275). Migrates to uppermost tributaries of Volga (Ref. 59043). Reported to migrate for spawning to the Sura River and its tributaries (the Penza, Aiva, and Inza rivers) as far as Penza Ciry in the 1920s (Ref. 58030). Holcík, J. 1986 <i>Caspiomyzon wagneri</i> (Kessler, 1870). p. 119-142. In J. Holcik (ed.) The Freshwater fishes of Europe. Vol.1, Part I, Petromyzontiformes. (Ref. 12275) FB-Uses-8718 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1994-01-22 00:00:00 2024-01-29 00:00:00 Importance http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8718 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology fisheries: commercial; aquaculture: experimental Holcík, J. 1986 <i>Caspiomyzon wagneri</i> (Kessler, 1870). p. 119-142. In J. Holcik (ed.) The Freshwater fishes of Europe. Vol.1, Part I, Petromyzontiformes. (Ref. 12275) FB-Migration-8718 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1994-01-22 00:00:00 2024-01-29 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8718 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Anadromous. Fish that ascend rivers to spawn, as salmon and hilsa do. Sub-division of diadromous. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. Renaud, C.B. 2011 Lampreys of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lamprey species known to date. FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes. No. 5. Rome, FAO. 109 pp. (Ref. 89241) FB-LifeCycle-8718 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Nerissa Nagassar 1994-01-22 00:00:00 2024-01-29 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=8718&StockCode=9040 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses The nest is dug by either the male or the female. They attach themselves to stones before mating. Females die immediately after releasing their eggs, but males survive until spermatogenesis ceases and can mate with more than one female (Ref. 12275). Ammocoete stage lasts 2-4 years in freshwater after which metamorphosed juveniles migrate to the sea (Ref. 59043). In lower Volga, adults may feed one or two summers before breeding (Ref. 59043). These adults may begin to migrate to rivers in autumn and winter, usually from October to February, unstopped by ice flow in Volga (Ref. 59043). Holcík, J. 1986 <i>Caspiomyzon wagneri</i> (Kessler, 1870). p. 119-142. In J. Holcik (ed.) The Freshwater fishes of Europe. Vol.1, Part I, Petromyzontiformes. (Ref. 12275) FB-TrophicStrategy-8718 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Nerissa Nagassar 1998-09-05 00:00:00 2022-01-28 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public wagneri http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Migration Non-parasitic lamprey. Ammocoetes live in detritus-rich sands and clay sediments. They feed on diatoms and detritus. Ammocoetes larvae get up to 2-4 years old (Ref. 59043) and reach up to 13 mm TL. Metamorphosing individuals do not feed at all. The feeding habits of adults remain obscure but are assumed to not be herbivorous (RF). In the intestines of adults, only the remains of algae and higher plants are found. However, they may also feed on dead fish and are known to attach themselves to trout, presumably for transport. A 22% reduction in total length occurs from the pre-spawning to the spawning period. Adults die after spawning. Holcík, J. 1986 <i>Caspiomyzon wagneri</i> (Kessler, 1870). p. 119-142. In J. Holcik (ed.) The Freshwater fishes of Europe. Vol.1, Part I, Petromyzontiformes. (Ref. 12275) FB-Size-8718 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1994-01-22 00:00:00 2024-01-29 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8718 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy 55.3 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 12275)); max. published weight: 206 g (Ref. 12275); max. reported age: 6 years (Ref. 59043) Holcík, J. 1986 <i>Caspiomyzon wagneri</i> (Kessler, 1870). p. 119-142. In J. Holcik (ed.) The Freshwater fishes of Europe. Vol.1, Part I, Petromyzontiformes. (Ref. 12275) Holcík, J. 1986 <i>Caspiomyzon wagneri</i> (Kessler, 1870). p. 119-142. In J. Holcik (ed.) The Freshwater fishes of Europe. Vol.1, Part I, Petromyzontiformes. (Ref. 12275) Kottelat, M. and J. Freyhof 2007 Handbook of European freshwater fishes. Publications Kottelat, Cornol and Freyhof, Berlin. 646 pp. (Ref. 59043) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Habitat-8718 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Rainer Froese 1994-01-22 00:00:00 2024-01-29 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8718 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats demersal; anadromous (Ref. 89241); freshwater; brackish; depth range 1 - 22 m (Ref. 89241) Renaud, C.B. 2011 Lampreys of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lamprey species known to date. FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes. No. 5. Rome, FAO. 109 pp. (Ref. 89241) Renaud, C.B. 2011 Lampreys of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of lamprey species known to date. FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes. No. 5. Rome, FAO. 109 pp. (Ref. 89241)