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	<dc:identifier>FB-8925</dc:identifier>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8925</dc:source>
	<dwc:Kingdom>Animalia</dwc:Kingdom>
	<dwc:Phylum>Chordata</dwc:Phylum>
	<dwc:Class>Teleostei</dwc:Class>
	<dwc:Order>Cichliformes</dwc:Order>
	<dwc:Family>Cichlidae</dwc:Family>
	<dwc:Genus>Coptodon</dwc:Genus>
	<dwc:ScientificName>Coptodon nyongana (Thys van den Audenaerde, 1971)</dwc:ScientificName>
	<commonName xml:lang='fi'>Ruskoraitatilapia</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>尼翁非鯽</commonName>
	<commonName xml:lang=''>尼翁非鲫</commonName>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Tilapia kottae (non Lönnberg, 1904)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Tilapia melanopleura (non Duméril, 1861)</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='synonym'>Tilapia nyongana Thys van den Audenaerde, 1971</synonym>
	<synonym relationship='misapplied name'>Tilapia ogowensis (non Günther, 1896)</synonym>
	<dcterms:created>1994-03-04</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-22</dcterms:modified>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5163&amp;speccode=8925'>Teugels, G.G. and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde0 Tilapia. p. 482-508. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 5163)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=12468&amp;speccode=8925'>Baensch, H.A. and R. Riehl0 Aquarien Atlas. Band 4. Mergus Verlag GmbH, Verlag für Natur-und Heimtierkunde, Melle, Germany. 864 p. (Ref. 12468)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=12818&amp;speccode=8925'>Anonymous0 Fish registrations within the museum database of the Vertebrate Section of the Royal Museum for Central Africa. MRAC, Tervuren, Belgium. (Ref. 12818)</reference>
	<reference isbn='957-8596-59-6' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=31517&amp;speccode=8925'>Wu, H.L., K.-T. Shao and C.F. Lai (eds.)0 Latin-Chinese dictionary of fishes names. The Sueichan Press, Taiwan. 1028 p. (Ref. 31517)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=33021&amp;speccode=8925'>Eschmeyer, W.N. (ed.)0 Catalog of fishes. Updated database version of November 1999. Catalog databases as made available to FishBase in November 1999. (Ref. 33021)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51086&amp;speccode=8925'>Varjo, M., L. Koli and H. Dahlström0 Kalannimiluettelo (versio 10/03). Suomen Biologian Seura Vanamo Ry. (Ref. 51086)</reference>
	<reference isbn='2.11.086730-2' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=51193&amp;speccode=8925'>Vivien, J.0 Faune du Cameroun. Guide des mammifères et poissons. GICAM et Ministère de la Coopération et du Développement, Yaoundé/Paris. 271 p. (Ref. 51193)</reference>
	<reference isbn='3-928819-33-X' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=52307&amp;speccode=8925'>Lamboj, A.0 The cichlid fishes of Western Africa. Birgit Schmettkamp Verlag, Bornheim, Germany. 255 p. (Ref. 52307)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=58108&amp;speccode=8925'>Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences0 Chinese aquatic germplasm resources database. http://zzzy.fishinfo.cn (Ref. 58108)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=81260&amp;speccode=8925'>Stiassny, M.L.J., A. Lamboj, D. De Weirdt and G.G. Teugels0 Cichlidae. p. 269-403. In M.L.J. Stiassny, G.G Teugels and C.D. Hopkins (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of Lower Guinea, West-Central Africa Volume 2. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 42. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 603p. (Ref. 81260)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=81651&amp;speccode=8925'>Stiassny, M.L.J., A. Lamboj, D. De Weirdt and G.G. Teugels0 Cichlidae. p. 269-403. In M.L.J. Stiassny, G.G. Teugels and C.D. Hopkins (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of Lower Guinea, West-Central Africa. Volume II. Collection Faune et Flore tropicales 42. Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France, and Musée Royal de l’Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgium. 603 pp. (Ref. 81651)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=83882&amp;speccode=8925'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2010. (Ref. 83882)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=90062&amp;speccode=8925'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, March 2012. (Ref. 90062)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=93285&amp;speccode=8925'>Dunz, A.R. and U.K. Schliewen0 Molecular phylogeny and revised classification of the haplotilapiine cichlid fishes formerly referred to as "&lt;i&gt;Tilapia&lt;/i&gt;". Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 68(1):64-80. (Ref. 93285)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=95632&amp;speccode=8925'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, April 2014. (Ref. 95632)</reference>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=101110&amp;speccode=8925'>FAO-FIES0 Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Information System (ASFIS) species list. Retrieved from http://www.fao.org/fishery/collection/asfis/en, [accessed 13/04/2015]. (Ref. 101110)</reference><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-GeneralDescr-8925</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Pascualita Sa-a</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1994-03-04 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-22 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Biology</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8925</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses</subject>
	<dc:description>Substrate brooder (Ref. 81260).</dc:description>
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	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=93285&amp;speccode=8925'>Dunz, A.R. and U.K. Schliewen 2013 Molecular phylogeny and revised classification of the haplotilapiine cichlid fishes formerly referred to as "&lt;i&gt;Tilapia&lt;/i&gt;". Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 68(1):64-80. (Ref. 93285)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-DiagnosticDescr-8925</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.africamuseum.be#' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Tobias Musschoot</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2011-03-10 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2018-01-09 21:10:46</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8925</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size</subject>
	<dc:description>Diagnosis: 10 or fewer rakers on lower limb of first arch; unpaired fins not predominantly red-brown; mouth terminal; 29-30 lateral line scales; outer row teeth robust; dorsal fin with 14-15 spines and 11-12 soft rays (total rays 26-27); anal fin with 3 spines and 8-9 soft rays; caudal fin weakly covered with scales; vertical stripes strongly pronounced, only slightly enlarged on flanks; a black spot at base of each scale; clear spots on occiput and opercle; belly whitish (Ref. 81260).Description: relatively deep-bodied; head profile slightly rounded (Ref. 52307). Lower pharyngeal jaw with pointed, curved anterior teeth and tricuspid posterior teeth; ventral keel shorter than dentigerous plate; 3-6 rows of teeth in oral jaws, teeth in outer rows bicuspid (Ref. 81260).Coloration: base body color creamy, becoming grey-brown dorsally, blackish-grey on dorsum of the head, and completely white on throat, chest and belly; 3-5 dark bars on flanks, particularly visible at mid-body level; flank scales with dark basal spot; upper lip dark, lower lip white; behind the eye, on upper part of opercle and occiput, numerous large white spots with a silvery tinge; along dorsum, posterior border of scales often silvery white; spinous dorsal fin uniformly dark grey, darker distally; soft dorsal dark with some clear maculae, "tilapia spot" present but not ocellated; caudal fin dark with pale streaks; anal fin uniformly dark; pelvics dusky but with white leading edge (Ref. 81260).</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=81260&amp;speccode=8925'>Stiassny, M.L.J., A. Lamboj, D. De Weirdt and G.G. Teugels 2008 Cichlidae. p. 269-403. In M.L.J. Stiassny, G.G Teugels and C.D. Hopkins (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of Lower Guinea, West-Central Africa Volume 2. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 42. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 603p. (Ref. 81260)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Morphology-8925</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='http://www.africamuseum.be#' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Tobias Musschoot</agent>
	<dcterms:created>2011-03-10 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2018-01-09 21:10:46</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:language></dc:language>
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	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8925</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats</subject>
	<dc:description>Dorsal spines (total): 14 - 15; Dorsal soft rays (total): 11 - 12;  Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 8 - 9</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=81260&amp;speccode=8925'>Stiassny, M.L.J., A. Lamboj, D. De Weirdt and G.G. Teugels 2008 Cichlidae. p. 269-403. In M.L.J. Stiassny, G.G Teugels and C.D. Hopkins (eds.) The fresh and brackish water fishes of Lower Guinea, West-Central Africa Volume 2. Coll. faune et flore tropicales 42. Institut de recherche de développement, Paris, France, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, Paris, France and Musée royal de l'Afrique Central, Tervuren, Belgium, 603p. (Ref. 81260)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Distribution-8925</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Pascualita Sa-a</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1994-03-04 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2025-08-12 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8925</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat</subject>
	<dc:description>Africa:  Dja (middle Congo River basin), Nyong and Ntem in Cameroon, and Komo and Ogooué in Gabon (Ref. 81260).</dc:description>
	<mediaURL></mediaURL>
	<thumbnailURL></thumbnailURL>
	<location></location>
	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5163&amp;speccode=8925'>Teugels, G.G. and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde 1991 Tilapia. p. 482-508. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 5163)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Size-8925</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Pascualita Sa-a</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1994-03-04 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-22 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Max. size</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
	<dcterms:bibliographicCitation></dcterms:bibliographicCitation>
	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8925</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution</subject>
	<dc:description>21.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 5163))</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=5163&amp;speccode=8925'>Teugels, G.G. and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde 1991 Tilapia. p. 482-508. In J. Daget, J.-P. Gosse, G.G. Teugels and D.F.E. Thys van den Audenaerde (eds.) Check-list of the freshwater fishes of Africa (CLOFFA). ISNB, Brussels; MRAC, Tervuren; and ORSTOM, Paris. Vol. 4. (Ref. 5163)</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Threats-2</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Belen Acosta</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1990-10-18 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-07 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
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	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2</dc:source>
	<dc:description>Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group</dc:description>
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	<reference isbn='' url='http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073'>IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.</reference></dataObject><dataObject>
	<dc:identifier>FB-Habitat-8925</dc:identifier>
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	<agent homepage='' logoURL='' role='recorder'>Pascualita Sa-a</agent>
	<dcterms:created>1994-03-04 00:00:00</dcterms:created>
	<dcterms:modified>2024-03-22 00:00:00</dcterms:modified>
	<dc:title>Environment</dc:title>
	<dc:language></dc:language>
	<license>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/</license>
	<dc:rights></dc:rights>
	<dcterms:rightsHolder>WorldFish Center - FishBase</dcterms:rightsHolder>
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	<audience>General public</audience>
	<dc:source>http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=8925</dc:source>
	<subject>http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#TrophicStrategy</subject>
	<dc:description>benthopelagic; freshwater</dc:description>
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