FB-9529 http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9529 Animalia Chordata Teleostei Siluriformes Mochokidae Synodontis Synodontis clarias (Linnaeus, 1758) Gargur Rotflossen-Fiederbartwels Catfish Mandi Mandi Atinu kpotokui Oliiviripsimonni Kpor Kurungu Okpo Fono Okokoniko Benieke Egungigi Eh-éré Gbagagbaga Gohgoï Kôsogol Kuilkeka Mengelte Zomol 歧须鮠 歧鬚鮠 Pimelodus clarias (Linnaeus, 1758) Pimelodus clarias clarias (Linnaeus, 1758) Pimelodus synodontes Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1809 Pimelodus synodontis Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1809 Silurus callarias Bloch & Schneider, 1801 Silurus clarias Linnaeus, 1758 Synodontis macrodon Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1827 1994-04-20 2024-04-16 Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen0 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) Blache, J.0 Les poissons du bassin du Tchad et du bassin adjacent du Mayo Kebbi. Étude systématique et biologique. Mém. O.R.S.T.O.M. 4(2):483 p. 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(Ref. 137577) FB-GeneralDescr-9529 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1994-04-20 00:00:00 2024-04-16 00:00:00 Biology http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9529 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Omnivore, feeds on insect larvae, mollusks and detritus (Ref. 13868). Oviparous (Ref. 205). Maximum size 325mm TL, 230mm SL (Ref. 57223). Paugy, D. and T.R. Roberts 2003 Mochokidae. p. 195-268 In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douce et saumâtres de l'Afrique de l'Ouest, Tome 2. Coll. Faune et Flore tropicales 40. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique, Museum National d'Histoire Naturalle, Paris, France and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France. 815 p. (Ref. 57223) FB-DiagnosticDescr-9529 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tobias Musschoot 2015-03-05 00:00:00 2015-03-17 17:07:04 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9529 Diagnosis: gill slits not extending ventrally beyond pectoral-fin insertions; snout at most 50% of head length and at most 80% of head width; post-ocular length at least 30% of head length; maxillary barbels shorter than head, bearing externally rather long and more or less tuberculate ramifications and a short, but distinct, basal membrane; outer and inner mandibular barbels with long, simple and finely tuberculate branches; mandibular teeth long, numbering 6-10; pectoral-fin spines more strongly denticulate on inner than on outer margin; dorsal-fin spine denticulate on lower half of anterior margin; humeral process triangular and deep, short and granulose, but not keeled ventrally; adipose fin very well developed and rather close (in large individuals contiguous) to rayed dorsal fin (Ref. 57223).Coloration: ground colour greyish-brown, ventral areas lighter; caudal fin red, at least in live specimens; young individuals with fine specks scattered over dorsal body region and fins (Ref. 57223). Paugy, D. and T.R. Roberts 2003 Mochokidae. p. 195-268 In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douce et saumâtres de l'Afrique de l'Ouest, Tome 2. Coll. Faune et Flore tropicales 40. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique, Museum National d'Histoire Naturalle, Paris, France and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France. 815 p. (Ref. 57223) FB-Morphology-9529 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Tobias Musschoot 2015-03-05 00:00:00 2015-03-17 17:07:04 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9529 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Morphology Dorsal spines (total): 1; Analspines: 0 Paugy, D. and T.R. Roberts 2003 Mochokidae. p. 195-268 In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douce et saumâtres de l'Afrique de l'Ouest, Tome 2. Coll. Faune et Flore tropicales 40. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique, Museum National d'Histoire Naturalle, Paris, France and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France. 815 p. (Ref. 57223) FB-Distribution-9529 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1994-04-20 00:00:00 2023-01-27 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9529 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Africa: basins of the Senegal, Gambia, Volta, Niger (including the Benue) and Chad (Ref. 57223). Also in the Nile (Ref. 3202). Paugy, D. and T.R. Roberts 2003 Mochokidae. p. 195-268 In C. Lévêque, D. Paugy and G.G. Teugels (eds.) Faune des poissons d'eaux douce et saumâtres de l'Afrique de l'Ouest, Tome 2. Coll. Faune et Flore tropicales 40. Musée Royal de l'Afrique Centrale, Tervuren, Belgique, Museum National d'Histoire Naturalle, Paris, France and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Paris, France. 815 p. (Ref. 57223) FB-Migration-9529 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1994-04-20 00:00:00 2024-04-16 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9529 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Uses Potamodromous. Migrating within streams, migratory in rivers, e.g. Saliminus, Moxostoma, Labeo. Migrations should be cyclical and predictable and cover more than 100 km. Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243) FB-LifeCycle-9529 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Susan M. Luna 1994-04-20 00:00:00 2024-04-16 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org//Reproduction/FishReproSummary.php?ID=9529&StockCode=9851 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#LifeCycle Oviparous (Ref. 205). Distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205). Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205) FB-TrophicStrategy-9529 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1999-09-23 00:00:00 1999-12-13 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public clarias http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Size Feeds on insect larvae, mollusks and detritus (Ref. 13868). Willoughby, N.G. 1974 The ecology of the genus <i>Synodontis</i> (Pisces: Siluriodei) in Lake Kainji, Nigeria. p. 160-162. In N.G. Willoughby. University of Southampton, UK . 288 p. Ph.D. dissertation. (Ref. 13868) FB-Size-9529 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1994-04-20 00:00:00 2024-04-16 00:00:00 Max. size http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9529 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats 36.0 cm SL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 31256)) Olaosebikan, B.D. and A. Raji 1998 Field guide to Nigerian freshwater fishes. Federal College of Freshwater Fisheries Technology, New Bussa, Nigeria. 106 p. (Ref. 31256) FB-Threats-2 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Belen Acosta 1990-10-18 00:00:00 2024-03-07 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=2 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Least Concern (LC) , IUCN Grouper and Wrasse Specialist Group IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006. FB-Diseases-9529-856 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2003-04-28 00:00:00 2003-04-29 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=9529&StockCode=9851 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Distribution Agamonema Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Bunkley-Williams, L. and E.H. Williams Jr. 2002 Nematodes of freshwater fishes of the Neotropical region. (Book review). Caribb. J. Sci. 38(3-4):289-294. (Ref. 46699) FB-Diseases-9529-1490 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-03-11 00:00:00 2005-03-11 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=9529&StockCode=9851 Cucullanus Infestation 13. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Moravec, F. 1998 Nematodes of freshwater fishes of the neotropical region. 464 p. Praha, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. (Ref. 51153) FB-Diseases-9529-1617 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-11-30 00:00:00 2005-11-30 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=9529&StockCode=9851 Philometra Infestation 5. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Moravec, F. 1998 Nematodes of freshwater fishes of the neotropical region. 464 p. Praha, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. (Ref. 51153) FB-Diseases-9529-1599 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-10-26 00:00:00 2005-10-26 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=9529&StockCode=9851 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Threats Procamallanus Infection 32. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Moravec, F. 1998 Nematodes of freshwater fishes of the neotropical region. 464 p. Praha, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. (Ref. 51153) FB-Diseases-9529-1472 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Allan Palacio 2005-03-08 00:00:00 2005-03-08 00:00:00 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/diseases/diseasesList.cfm?ID=9529&StockCode=9851 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#Habitat Rondonia Infestation. Parasitic infestations (protozoa, worms, etc.) Moravec, F. 1998 Nematodes of freshwater fishes of the neotropical region. 464 p. Praha, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. (Ref. 51153) FB-Habitat-9529 http://purl.org/dc/dcmitype/Text text/html Pascualita Sa-a 1994-04-20 00:00:00 2024-04-16 00:00:00 Environment http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ WorldFish Center - FishBase General public http://www.fishbase.org/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?id=9529 http://rs.tdwg.org/ontology/voc/SPMInfoItems#DiagnosticDescription benthopelagic; potamodromous (Ref. 51243); freshwater; pH range: 6.5 - 7.5; dH range: 18 Riede, K. 2004 Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Germany. 329 p. (Ref. 51243)